U.S. History exam review Questions and Answers correct

U.S. History exam review Questions and Answers correct Mercantalism System of trade between a mother country and a colony Columbia Exchange Movement of gooods between the new world and the old Glorious revolution Parliment replaces the King of England Articles of Confederation 1st American Constitution Great compromise Settled dispute over representation in Cogress Great Migration Puritans immigrate to the USA in large numbers Capitalism Buisnesses are privately owned and free market determines prices Missouri compromise Kept the balance between Free and Slave states Industrial Revolution machines replace man, less skilled workers needed Mayflower Compact puritans agreed to follow laws agreed upon for the general good of the colony Andrew Jackson President who started the so-called spoils system Nat Turner Leader of a slave revolt in Virginia Elizabeth Cady Stanton Abolitoinist and women's rights activist John Locke enlightment thinker who influenced the founders of the United States Alexander Hamilton Federalist who established a national banking system James Monroe President who warned the European powers to stay out of Latin America George Washington commander-in-cheif of the Continental Army Dred Scott case the supreme court ruled that the constitution did not apply to black people Antietam in 1862, the Union blocked the Confederate drive into the North Copperhead a northerner who sympathized with the South during the Civil War Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay introduced to settle the debate over the admissino of California as a state Battle of Vicksburg gave the North control of the Mississippi Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln outlawed slavery in Confederate territory Harriet Beecher Stowe Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin which condemned slavery John Brown Led a voilent raid to portest slavery at Harpers Ferry, Viriginia in 1850 Henry Clay Senator who devised the Compromise of 1850 Jefferson Davis president of the Confederate States Stephen Douglas developed concept of Popular Soverignty Carpetbaggers A northerner who came to the south to live during Reconstruction Share Tenantry farm families worked the land in return for a share of the crop Scalawag a southerner who cooperated with Radical Reconstruction Disenfranchisment one of the goals of the Radical Republicans Solid South white southerners almost unamious support of the Democratic Party after the period of Reconstruction Henry Grady Editor of the Atlanta Constitution Samuel Tilden Democratic canidate for the President in 1876 Charles Sumner Leader of Radical Republicans Edwin Stanton Lincoln's Secretary of War who was fired by Johnson W.E.B Du Bois Called Reconstruction a "glorious failure" Booker T. Washington Most famous African-American after the Civil War Dividend Part of a corporation's profits are paid to each shareholder in the farm Vertical Integration gaining control of all the steps involved in turning raw materials into a finished product Corporation created when a state legislature allows a group of people to sell stock to fund a buiness enterprise Standard Gauge makes it possible for the cars of one railroad line to use tracks of another railroad line Installment Plan it can be paid over a number of months rather than all at once John D. Rockefeller Founded Standard oil company Andrew Carnegie steel industry genius, developed horizontall inegration Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone Samuel F.B. Morse invented the telegraph Henry Bessemer found out how to make steel cheaply Thomas Alva Edison over 1000 patented devices (light bulb, phonograph) J.P. Morgan Incorporated U.S.steel Assimilate To adopt the language and customs of another people Dawes Act an attempt to solve the "Indian problem" by encouraging Indians to adopt white culture Bonanza Farm could lower its costs through economies scale Railhead a shipping station for cattle Conservation concerned about enviromental damage caused by certain mining and lumbering techniques Henry Hunt Jackson Author of A Century of Dishonor, and indictment of America's Indian policy Joseph McCoy The Illinios livestock shipper who devised a plan by which Texas ranchers would drive their herds to railheads Henry Comstock The person whose discovery of gold and silver in 1859 led to the growth of Virginia City, Nevada William F. Cody Indian fighter, scout, and buffalo hunter who toured the country for 30 years with his "Wild West Show" Sitting Bull Indian leader whose warriors massacred U.S. soldiers at the battle of little bighorn William Steward the secretary of state who endured ridicule for his purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867 Old immigration immigration before 1880 Mass transit systems encouraged the growth of cities by allowing people to live far from their places of work Nativism moves to restrict the flow of immigration Yellow Journalism Newspaper owner Joseph Pulitzer used the technique to attract readers and to make his fortune Political Machine New York's Tammany Hall was a famous example new immigration millions of people came to the United States from southern and eastern Europe Elisha Ot built the first passenger elevatorin 1857 William Raldolph Hearst owned a vast newspaper chain that specialized in sensational stories William Le Baron Jenney the first metal frame skyscraper John A. Roebling The man who designed the Brooklyn Bridge Fredrick Law Olmstead designed New York City's central park Natural Selection came from the theory of evolution Spoils System politicians used their power to help themselves and their friends Conspicuous consumption Spending money lavishly in order to show off one's wealth Settlement House was a private institution that aimed at improving life for poor city dwellers Standpatter A person in the late 1800s who opposed reforms Jane Addams Founder of the Hull House Ulysses S. Grant President whose administration was ridden by scandal Andrew Carnegie Industrialist who promoted the "gospel of wealth" William Marcy Tweed Boss of New York City's most famous political machine Herbert Spencer leading proponen of social darwinism Closed shop an employer agrees to hire only union members Depression a period of high unemployment, law consumer spending, and buisness failure Recession A mild economic downturn Cooperative A buisness owned and operated by its workers Blacklist Dedicated labor unionist often found themsleves on meant that no one would hire them Anarchist a person who is opposed to all forms of government