PHI 215 Final Practice Questions With 100% Accurate Answers Graded A+.

Epistemology - correct answer study of knowledge Metaphysics - correct answer the study of the nature of reality Logic - correct answer the study of reasoning Axiology - correct answer study of value Ethics - correct answer A system of moral principles. Aesthetics - correct answer the study of beauty Substance Dualism - correct answer The notion that mind and body consist of two fundamentally different kinds of stuff, or substances Cartesian Dualism - correct answer The view that mind (or soul) and body are completely independent of one another and interact causally. Materialism - correct answer The doctrine that every object and event in the world is physical Identity Theory - correct answer The view that mental states are identical to physical brain states. Functionalism - correct answer The view that the mind is the functions that the brain performs. Epiphenomenalism - correct answer The notion that mental properties do not cause anything, but merely accompany physical processes. Determinism - correct answer The doctrine that every event is determined by preceding events and the laws of nature. Hard Determinism - correct answer The view that free will does not exist, that no one acts freely. Indeterminism - correct answer The view that not every event is determined by preceding events and the laws of nature. Compatibilism - correct answer The view that Determinism is true AND we have free will. Libertarianism - correct answer The view that some actions are free, those actions are caused (i.e. initiated/originated) by the person or agent. A posterior knowledge - correct answer Knowledge that depends entirely on sense experience. A priori knowledge - correct answer Knowledge gained independently of or prior to sense experience. Empiricism - correct answer The view that our knowledge of the empirical world comes solely from sense experience. Principle of Induction - correct answer The presumption that events that followed one another in the past will do the same in the future, that the future will be like the past. Rationalism - correct answer The view that through un-aided reason we can come to know what the world is like. Skepticism - correct answer The view that we lack knowledge in some fundamental way. Subjective Idealism - correct answer The doctrine that all that exist are minds and their ideas. Atheism - correct answer The denial of the existence of a God or gods. Cosmological Arguments - correct answer Arguments that try to show that, from the fact that the universe exists, God exists. Deism - correct answer Belief in one God who created the world, but left it unattended to run on its own. Dharma - correct answer The Buddha's system of teachings about the true nature of reality and how to live correctly to transcend it. Evidentialism - correct answer The view that we are justified in believing something only if it is supported by sufficient evidence. Karma - correct answer The universal principle that our actions result in deserved pleasure or pain in this life or the next. Monotheism - correct answer Belief in one God Nirvana - correct answer Enlightenment: the ultimate aim of all Buddhist practice and the final liberation to which all the Buddha's teachings point. Polytheism - correct answer Belief in many gods Teleological Argument - correct answer Arguments that try to show that God must exist because features of the universe show signs of purpose or design. Theism - correct answer belief in a God or gods Meritocracy - correct answer a system of rule by those most qualified to govern. Democracy - correct answer Rule by the people as a whole. Social Contract Theory - correct answer The view that justice is secured, and the state is made legitimate, through an agreement among citizens of the state or between the citizens and the rulers of the state. Libertarianism (political) - correct answer the view that government should be small and limited to night- watchman functions. Socialism - correct answer The doctrine that the means of production (property, factories, businesses) should be owned or controlled by the people, either communally or through the state. Capitalism - correct answer a political economic system that lets the means of production accrue to fewer people through the workings of a free market. In such a system, wealth goes to anyone who can acquire it in the marketplace.