NURS 6501/NURS-6501 NURS-6501D-3, week 1 quiz Advanced Pathophysiology

NURS 6501/NURS-6501 NURS-6501D-3, week 1 quiz Advanced Pathophysiology • Question 1 1 out of 1 points How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? Answer Selected Answer: c. By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) Correct Answer: c. By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) • Question 2 0 out of 1 points The ion transporter that moves Na and Ca2 simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport? Answer Selected Answer: b. Uniport Correct Answer: d. Symport • Question 3 0 out of 1 points An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? Answer Selected Answer: a. Penetrance Correct Answer: b. Expressivity • Question 4 0 out of 1 points A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is ?70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na , and the predominant extracellular ion is K . With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential? Answer Selected Answer: a. K rushing into the cell Correct Answer: b. Na rushing into the cell • Question 5 1 out of 1 points When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene. Answer Selected Answer: d. Autosomal recessive Correct Answer: d. Autosomal recessive • Question 6 1 out of 1 points What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair. Answer Selected Answer: c. Turner syndrome Correct Answer: c. Turner syndrome • Question 7 1 out of 1 points A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? Answer Selected Answer: a. The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease Correct Answer: a. The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease • Question 8 1 out of 1 points The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: Answer Selected Answer: a. Sodium Correct Answer: a. Sodium • Question 9 0 out of 1 points A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart? Answer Selected Answer: a. Down syndrome Correct Answer: c. Turner syndrome • Question 10 0 out of 1 points A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells? Answer Selected Answer: a. Cells will become hydrated. Correct Answer: c. Cells will shrink. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis? Answer Selected Answer: d. Frameshift mutations Correct Answer: d. Frameshift mutations • Question 12 1 out of 1 points Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males? Answer Selected Answer: d. Klinefelter syndrome Correct Answer: d. Klinefelter syndrome • Question 13 1 out of 1 points The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing? Answer Selected Answer: c. Maternal nondisjunction Correct Answer: c. Maternal nondisjunction • Question 14 1 out of 1 points A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most likely cause? Answer Selected Answer: c. Caseous necrosis Correct Answer: c. Caseous necrosis • Question 15 1 out of 1 points Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: Answer Selected Answer: a. Decreased ATP production Correct Answer: a. Decreased ATP production • Question 16 0 out of 1 points The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as: Answer Selected Answer: b. Conductivity Correct Answer: d. Communication • Question 17 1 out of 1 points 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of swelling? Answer Selected Answer: c. Na movement into the cell Correct Answer: c. Na movement into the cell • Question 18 0 out of 1 points A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? Answer Selected Answer: b. Aerobic glycolysis Correct Answer: c. Anaerobic glycolysis • Question 19 1 out of 1 points A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called: Answer Selected Answer: c. Metaplasia Correct Answer: c. Metaplasia • Question 20 1 out of 1 points A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? Answer Selected Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine) Correct Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine) • Question 21 0 out of 1 points The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in: Answer Selected Answer: d. Decreased Na -K pump function Correct Answer: c. Reduced protein synthesis • Question 22 0 out of 1 points A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process? Answer Selected Answer: c. Apoptosis Correct Answer: d. Necrosis • Question 23 1 out of 1 points A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? Answer Selected Answer: c. Tetraploidy Correct Answer: c. Tetraploidy • Question 24 0 out of 1 points A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? Answer Selected Answer: a. Active-mediated transport (active transport) Correct Answer: d. Passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) • Question 25 1 out of 1 points A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? Answer Selected Answer: d. Pregnancy in women over age 35 Correct Answer: d. Pregnancy in women over age 35 Sunday, June 8, 2014 10:18:45 PM EDT