CSU BMS 300 FINAL Past Exam Questions and answers Colorado State University

CSU BMS 300 FINAL Past Exam Questions and answers Colorado State University The enzymes that catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds to synthesize nucleic acids work in the ribosomes In the first steps of glycosylation, sugars are covalently linked to a nitrogen atom in the r-groups of the amino acid asparagine, you would expect this process to occur in the cytoplasm Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:01 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More You would expect DNA in the mitochondria to be surrounded by a separate membrane bound compartment Between the time when pre mRNA is generated and when introns are removed from it, a type of RNA called snoRNA adds a methyl group to some bases in the pre mRNA, from what you know about RNA processing you would expect these enzymes to function in the CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM cytoplasm CLASSROOM An experiment is performed in which the sequence of bases coding for the signal peptide is added to an mRNA molecule that codes for kinesin. When this mRNA is translated, the resulting protein would be expected to be found in the cytoplasm Epithelial tissue is composed mostly of- extracellular proteins that have been secreted by widely dispersed cells- chondrocytes- cells oriented on a basal lamina Kinesin, dynein, and myosin are all actin binding proteins Connexons are clustered at gap junctions where they provide cytoplasmic continuity between adjacent cells, each connexon contains six connexins; each connexin crosses the membrane four t imes. You would expect each of the transmembrnae segments of the protein to be comnposed entirely of phospholipids A consensus sequence of bases that commonly includes TATA is where transcription factors bind to DNA to initiate gene transcription Integrins are transmembrane proteins that can bind molecules called catenins which are cytoplasmic proteins and to laminins, which are extracellular proteins. You would expect to find these transmembrane proteins in desmosomes in epithelial cells From the list below, choose the one that is not directly dependent on hydrogen bonding base pairing in DNA Pol 3 is a type of enzyme that synthesizes tRNA , you would expect this enzyme to form covalent bonds between a tRNA molecule and an amino acid Which of the following requires the formation of covalent bonds? binding purines to pyrimidines to form the three dimensional structure of RNA Which of the following would you expect to have no glycosylated amino acids CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM f ibronectin in the basal lamina RNA can assure a three dimensional shape because of hydrogen bonding between bases in the RNA molecule CLASSROOM Hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl oxygen of one amino acid and the hydrogen on the amine of a nearby amino acid organized in the i+4 arrangement describes the ________ structure of a protein secondary Recently the remains of Richard 3 king of England were identified by his mitochondrial DNA, which appears in less than 1% of the english population, which of the following would you expect not to share Richards mitochondrial DNA? the baroness of Ros, daughter of the duchess of Exeter In 1483, Edward IV's brother Richard 3 and his two nephews, Gilbert and Edward V, ages 9 and 12, respectively arrested and confined to the tower of london. They were never agin seen alive outside the tower, and were presumed murdered. In 1674, two small skeletons were found in a closet beneath a stairway and assumed to be the remains of the two boys. Although harry Potter could not be ruled out, which of the following would be consistent with the skeletons belonging to Richard's nephews? the growth plates has not closed so that the diaphysis and epiphysis of the long bones were separate structures Which of the following is synthesized on ribosomes free in the cytoplasm? keratin Epithelia typically form the lining of tubes. The ___________ regions of epithelial cells face the _________- basilar, basal lamina- apical, lumen In patients with Addisons Disease where cortisol levels are low because secretory cells in the adrenal cortex release little cortisol, you would expect levels of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and the stimulating hormone, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to be _____________ and _______ respectively high, high Amino acids destined to be incorporated into protein arrive in the ribosomes covalently linked to exons of mRNA CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM Melanocytes secrete melanin that is taken up by ___________ to protect dividing cells in the ____________ from damage by UV light collagen, dermis Which of the following would be expected to bind to the intracellular region of the receptor depicted in the accompanying figure? steroid hormones Which of the following hormones is constructed from a backbone of cholesterol? adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) released from the anterior pituitary The protein diagrammed in the accompanying figure would bind to hormone in the cytoplasm Neurons in the hypothalamus secrete ___________ that are carried to the __________ in the _______________ stimulating hormones, posterior pituitary, capillaries The movement of growth factors and worn out proteins from the axon terminal of a neuron toward the cell body is carried out by the negative end directed motor proteins _______________ which moves vesicles along structures polymerized from _________ myosin, actin One of the codons for tryptophan is UGG and one of the stop codons is UGA, what is the base change in DNA that produces this change in codon, and what is the effect of the base change in DNA? cytosine is changed to a uracil, the resulting protein is shorter than normal CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM There is a gene that encodes for a solute transporter called SLC24A5 which moves a Na+ ion into the cell across the plasma membrane in exchange for moving Ca2+ ion out of the cell across the plasma membrane. A mutation in the gene that encodes this protein is associated with lightened skin color. In african, asian, and native american populations, this gene encodes for an alanine at position 111 in the primary amino acid sequence of the protein, in european populations, alanine has been replaced by a threonine at position 111: Changing an alanine to a threonine in the SLC24A5 protein affects Ca2+ removal from cells. The mRNA codons for alanine are GCU, GCC, GCA, and GCG, and the mRNA codons for threonine are ACU, ACC, ACA, and ACG, what is the base change in the DNA that causes the mutation? guanine to cytosine There is a gene that encodes for a solute transporter called SLC24A5 which moves a Na+ ion into the cell across the plasma membrane in exchange for moving Ca2+ ion out of the cell across the plasma membrane. A mutation in the gene that encodes this protein is associated with lightened skin color. In african, asian, and native american populations, this gene encodes for an alanine at position 111 in the primary amino acid sequence of the protein, in european populations, alanine has been replaced by a threonine at position 111: You would expect the gene product for the SLC24A5 protein to be initially glycosylated in the endoplasmic reticulum There is a gene that encodes for a solute transporter called SLC24A5 which moves a Na+ ion into the cell across the plasma membrane in exchange for moving Ca2+ ion out of the cell across the plasma membrane. A mutation in the gene that encodes this protein is associated with lightened skin color. In african, asian, and native american populations, this gene encodes for an alanine at position 111 in the primary amino acid sequence of the protein, in european populations, alanine has been replaced by a threonine at position 111: Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that plays an important role in calcium metabolism, especially in the uptake of calcium from the intestine. As humans moved north, lived in colder climates, and developed agriculture, selection pressures reduced melanin production so that irradiation of ___________ in _____________ by UR light could initiate the production of this vitamin tyrosine, melanocytes Posterior pituitary hormones _________________________ cell bodies located in the _____________________ synthesize the peptide hormones ____________________ and _________________ on __________________ bound to the __________________. These molecules are then modified in the golgi apparatus and transported in _____________________ attached to the motor protein ________________ to the axon terminal where they are released into the __________________ CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM CLASSROOM- neuronal- hypothalamus- oxytocin- vasopressin- ribosomes- ER- vesicles- kinesin- blood CLASSROOM Hydrophobic hormones, the hydrophobic hormones ________________ which is derived from tyrosine and ______________________ hormones, which are derived from cholesterol, bind to receptors in the _________________. The receptor/hormone complex activates a portion of the receptor called the ______________ which permits the complex to enter the _________________ where it binds to a region of the DNA known as the ______________ which is commonly composed of the bases TATA. Once at this site, the hormone/receptor complex recruits additional proteins that act as a _______________ to recruit the enzyme ____________ to begin transcribing the ______________ in the DNA- thyroid hormone- steroid- steroid- cytoplasm- nuclear access domain- nucleus- promotor- transcription factor- gene Protein synthesis, the cytoplasmic enzyme __________________ covalently attaches amino acids to the nucleic acid ____________ (be specific) which travels to the ____________ where the ________________ of this molecule binds to a three base set called a _________________ in the nucleic acid _________________ (be specific). The ribose in the ___________________ subunit catalyzes ______________ bonds (be specific) between adjacent ____________- amino acyl transferase- tRNA- ribosome- anticodon- codon- mRNA- large ribosom