NU 545N Comprehensive Predictor Verified
Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual
Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update
1. Carboxypeptidase - ANSWER Inactivates anaphylatoxic activities of C3a
and C5a, and kinases that degrade kinins.
2. Histaminase - ANSWER degrades histamine and kallikrein and down-
regulates the inflammatory response
3. Fibrinolytic system - ANSWER dissolves small, inappropriate clots; it
also dissolves clots at a site of damage once the damage is repaired
4. Plasminogen - ANSWER inactive precursor of plasmin
5. Plasmin - ANSWER an enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots
6. Four effects of activation of Hageman factor that impact all 3 protein
systems: - ANSWER 1)activation of clotting cascade through factor XI
2)control of clotting through conversion of plasminogen PROactivator to
plasminogen ACTivator, resulting in generation of plasmin.
,3)activation of kinin system by activated Hageman factor (prekallikrein
activator)
4)activation of C1 on the complement cascade
7. C1-esterase inhibitor - ANSWER Inhibits complement activation
through C1 (classical pathway), MASP-2 (lectin), and C3b (alternative). Also
a major inhibitor of the clotting and kinin pathway components.
8. Hereditary angioedema - ANSWER Genetic defect in C1-inh. Self
limiting edema of cutaneous and mucosal layers resulting from stress,
illness, or relative minor or unapparent trauma. Characterized by
hyperactivation of all three plasma protein systems. Excessive Bradykinin.
9. dendritic cells - ANSWER specialized white blood cells that patrol the
body searching for antigens that produce infections. Connect the innate and
adaptive immune responses.
10.mast cells - ANSWER Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine)
that promote inflammation. Most important activators of inflammation!
11.Granulocytes - ANSWER A group of leukocytes containing enzyme-filled
granules in their cytoplasm; neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils.
12.Monocytes - ANSWER An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate
into tissues and transform into a macrophage.
, 13.Resolution - ANSWER Tissue regeneration or repair
14.Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) - ANSWER proteins on or in cells
that recognize specific compounds unique to microbes or tissue damage,
allowing the cells to sense the presence of invading microbes or damage.
Usually found on cells at the interface of host and environment.
15.Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) - ANSWER Molecules
associated with groups of pathogens that are recognized by cells of the
innate immune system.
16.Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) - ANSWER Products of
cellular damage that can be recognized by PRRs.
17.Toll-like receptors (TLRs) - ANSWER on host cells attach to pathogen-
associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Can result in activation of the cell
and release of cytokines that increase local resistance to the pathogen.
18.Complement receptors - ANSWER Integral membrane proteins that
recognize fragments of complement and mediate various defense functions,
including phagocytosis
19.Integrins - ANSWER Cell surface receptors that have a role in cell
adhesion and attachment and mediate Intra cellular signaling within the
extra cellular matrix.
Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual
Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update
1. Carboxypeptidase - ANSWER Inactivates anaphylatoxic activities of C3a
and C5a, and kinases that degrade kinins.
2. Histaminase - ANSWER degrades histamine and kallikrein and down-
regulates the inflammatory response
3. Fibrinolytic system - ANSWER dissolves small, inappropriate clots; it
also dissolves clots at a site of damage once the damage is repaired
4. Plasminogen - ANSWER inactive precursor of plasmin
5. Plasmin - ANSWER an enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots
6. Four effects of activation of Hageman factor that impact all 3 protein
systems: - ANSWER 1)activation of clotting cascade through factor XI
2)control of clotting through conversion of plasminogen PROactivator to
plasminogen ACTivator, resulting in generation of plasmin.
,3)activation of kinin system by activated Hageman factor (prekallikrein
activator)
4)activation of C1 on the complement cascade
7. C1-esterase inhibitor - ANSWER Inhibits complement activation
through C1 (classical pathway), MASP-2 (lectin), and C3b (alternative). Also
a major inhibitor of the clotting and kinin pathway components.
8. Hereditary angioedema - ANSWER Genetic defect in C1-inh. Self
limiting edema of cutaneous and mucosal layers resulting from stress,
illness, or relative minor or unapparent trauma. Characterized by
hyperactivation of all three plasma protein systems. Excessive Bradykinin.
9. dendritic cells - ANSWER specialized white blood cells that patrol the
body searching for antigens that produce infections. Connect the innate and
adaptive immune responses.
10.mast cells - ANSWER Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine)
that promote inflammation. Most important activators of inflammation!
11.Granulocytes - ANSWER A group of leukocytes containing enzyme-filled
granules in their cytoplasm; neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils.
12.Monocytes - ANSWER An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate
into tissues and transform into a macrophage.
, 13.Resolution - ANSWER Tissue regeneration or repair
14.Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) - ANSWER proteins on or in cells
that recognize specific compounds unique to microbes or tissue damage,
allowing the cells to sense the presence of invading microbes or damage.
Usually found on cells at the interface of host and environment.
15.Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) - ANSWER Molecules
associated with groups of pathogens that are recognized by cells of the
innate immune system.
16.Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) - ANSWER Products of
cellular damage that can be recognized by PRRs.
17.Toll-like receptors (TLRs) - ANSWER on host cells attach to pathogen-
associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Can result in activation of the cell
and release of cytokines that increase local resistance to the pathogen.
18.Complement receptors - ANSWER Integral membrane proteins that
recognize fragments of complement and mediate various defense functions,
including phagocytosis
19.Integrins - ANSWER Cell surface receptors that have a role in cell
adhesion and attachment and mediate Intra cellular signaling within the
extra cellular matrix.
