Exam 1 NRS 525 || with Certified Answers.
What is the single most common cause of cellular injury? correct answers hypoxia
Which statement is a description of apoptosis? correct answers Programmed cell death
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful. correct answers adaptation
Traits caused by the combined effects of multiple genes are referred to by which term?
a. Polygenic
b. Multifocal
c. Modifiable
d. Involuntary correct answers polygenic
The nurse is caring for a pair of identical twins. Only one of the twins has hypertension. What
genetic process is most likely responsible for this occurrence? correct answers Epigenetic factors
A nurse at an urban community hospital a patient comes in with iron deficiency anemia, what is
the appropriate response from the nurse ?
A. Have you seen blood in your stool?
B. Have you had any recent viral infections?
C. Have you eaten iron-rich foods. correct answers Have you seen blood in your stool? because
one of the causes of iron deficiency anemia is excessive blood loss (GI, menstruation)
A patient comes in with thrombocytopenia? What would you do?
A. Ask the patient why there plates count is low?
B. Advise the patient to get leafy green vegetables and lentils
,C. Blood transfusion correct answers C. Blood transfusions since their platelet is count and with
the blood transfusion it will increase the patient's platelet count.
sickle cell anemia:
A. Presents in newborns as jaundice and yellowing of skin
B. The cell becomes inflexible obstructing blood flow
C. X-recessive inherited correct answers B. The cell becomes inflexible obstructing blood flow
Which negative effect would have an increased incidence secondary to prenatal stress ? Choose
all that applies
A. Preterm birth
B. Fetal malformation
C. Spontaneous abortion
D. Impaired language development
E. Increased risk for depression in childhood correct answers A. Preterm birth
B. Fetal malformation
C. Spontaneous abortion
D. Impaired language development
Which statement would be accurate regarding epigenetics?
A. Gametes divide through transcription
B. Mitotic inheritances creates phenotypes
C. Embryonic stem cells inactivate chromosomes
D. Variety of diseases can result from epigenetics correct answers D. Variety of diseases can
result from epigenetics
Which cellular adaptation would occur in a person with chronic hypertension?
,a. Atrophy
b. Hypertrophy
c. Hyperplasia
d. Dysplasia correct answers B. Hypertrophy is a compensatory increase in the size of cells. It
occurs in response to mechanical load or stress
Which secondary effect would be linked to childhood stress in children of low SES?
a. Increased psychosocial function
b. Decreased cortisol levels
c. Decreased CRP
d. Increased BMI correct answers d. Increased BMI
Stress triggers the secretion of the neurohormone ghrelin, which increases appetite, food-seeking
behavior, and food-associated reward.
Which characteristic would be specific to epigenetic modifications?
a. Gene regulation can occur by transcription or translation.
b. Genes are created dependent of the environment one adapts to.
c. Histones produce somatic cells through translation.
d. It is a process whereby gametes produce new phenotypes. correct answers b. Genes are created
dependent of the environment one adapts to.
Which finding would the nurse expect when assessing a patient for frailty? Select all that apply.
a. Weight loss
b. Low grip strength
c. Osteopenia
d. Cognitive impairment
e. Anemia correct answers a. Weight loss
b. Low grip strength
, c. Osteopenia
d. Cognitive impairment
e. Anemia
Which statement would the nurse provide to an individual regarding healthy stress coping?
a. "The consistent use of adaptive coping mechanisms will provide greater stress resilience and
improved outcomes."
b. "Any type of coping mechanism is good to develop stress resilience."
c. "It's best to keep the stressors to yourself to prevent stressing other people."
d. "You should distance yourself from others until you can find a way to deal with stress that
works for you." correct answers a. "The consistent use of adaptive coping mechanisms will
provide greater stress resilience and improved outcomes."
Which statement describes necrosis?
a. If autophagy clears protein products in neurons of the CNS, it can be linked with dementia.
b. Necrosis results in programmed cell death.
c. Necrosis is the cellular consequence of severe injury.
d. Death by necrosis can cause obstruction in tissue ducts. correct answers d. Death by necrosis
can cause obstruction in tissue ducts.
Because necrosis is cell tissue death.
Which process takes place in the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
a. Depletion of physiological resources and immune system's inability to cope with stressor
b. Secretion of hormones and catecholamines
c. Preparation of the body for fight or flight from threat
d. Mobilization of cortisol and adrenaline correct answers a. Depletion of physiological resources
and immune system's inability to cope with stressor
Which role would DNA methylation play in human development and disease?
What is the single most common cause of cellular injury? correct answers hypoxia
Which statement is a description of apoptosis? correct answers Programmed cell death
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful. correct answers adaptation
Traits caused by the combined effects of multiple genes are referred to by which term?
a. Polygenic
b. Multifocal
c. Modifiable
d. Involuntary correct answers polygenic
The nurse is caring for a pair of identical twins. Only one of the twins has hypertension. What
genetic process is most likely responsible for this occurrence? correct answers Epigenetic factors
A nurse at an urban community hospital a patient comes in with iron deficiency anemia, what is
the appropriate response from the nurse ?
A. Have you seen blood in your stool?
B. Have you had any recent viral infections?
C. Have you eaten iron-rich foods. correct answers Have you seen blood in your stool? because
one of the causes of iron deficiency anemia is excessive blood loss (GI, menstruation)
A patient comes in with thrombocytopenia? What would you do?
A. Ask the patient why there plates count is low?
B. Advise the patient to get leafy green vegetables and lentils
,C. Blood transfusion correct answers C. Blood transfusions since their platelet is count and with
the blood transfusion it will increase the patient's platelet count.
sickle cell anemia:
A. Presents in newborns as jaundice and yellowing of skin
B. The cell becomes inflexible obstructing blood flow
C. X-recessive inherited correct answers B. The cell becomes inflexible obstructing blood flow
Which negative effect would have an increased incidence secondary to prenatal stress ? Choose
all that applies
A. Preterm birth
B. Fetal malformation
C. Spontaneous abortion
D. Impaired language development
E. Increased risk for depression in childhood correct answers A. Preterm birth
B. Fetal malformation
C. Spontaneous abortion
D. Impaired language development
Which statement would be accurate regarding epigenetics?
A. Gametes divide through transcription
B. Mitotic inheritances creates phenotypes
C. Embryonic stem cells inactivate chromosomes
D. Variety of diseases can result from epigenetics correct answers D. Variety of diseases can
result from epigenetics
Which cellular adaptation would occur in a person with chronic hypertension?
,a. Atrophy
b. Hypertrophy
c. Hyperplasia
d. Dysplasia correct answers B. Hypertrophy is a compensatory increase in the size of cells. It
occurs in response to mechanical load or stress
Which secondary effect would be linked to childhood stress in children of low SES?
a. Increased psychosocial function
b. Decreased cortisol levels
c. Decreased CRP
d. Increased BMI correct answers d. Increased BMI
Stress triggers the secretion of the neurohormone ghrelin, which increases appetite, food-seeking
behavior, and food-associated reward.
Which characteristic would be specific to epigenetic modifications?
a. Gene regulation can occur by transcription or translation.
b. Genes are created dependent of the environment one adapts to.
c. Histones produce somatic cells through translation.
d. It is a process whereby gametes produce new phenotypes. correct answers b. Genes are created
dependent of the environment one adapts to.
Which finding would the nurse expect when assessing a patient for frailty? Select all that apply.
a. Weight loss
b. Low grip strength
c. Osteopenia
d. Cognitive impairment
e. Anemia correct answers a. Weight loss
b. Low grip strength
, c. Osteopenia
d. Cognitive impairment
e. Anemia
Which statement would the nurse provide to an individual regarding healthy stress coping?
a. "The consistent use of adaptive coping mechanisms will provide greater stress resilience and
improved outcomes."
b. "Any type of coping mechanism is good to develop stress resilience."
c. "It's best to keep the stressors to yourself to prevent stressing other people."
d. "You should distance yourself from others until you can find a way to deal with stress that
works for you." correct answers a. "The consistent use of adaptive coping mechanisms will
provide greater stress resilience and improved outcomes."
Which statement describes necrosis?
a. If autophagy clears protein products in neurons of the CNS, it can be linked with dementia.
b. Necrosis results in programmed cell death.
c. Necrosis is the cellular consequence of severe injury.
d. Death by necrosis can cause obstruction in tissue ducts. correct answers d. Death by necrosis
can cause obstruction in tissue ducts.
Because necrosis is cell tissue death.
Which process takes place in the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
a. Depletion of physiological resources and immune system's inability to cope with stressor
b. Secretion of hormones and catecholamines
c. Preparation of the body for fight or flight from threat
d. Mobilization of cortisol and adrenaline correct answers a. Depletion of physiological resources
and immune system's inability to cope with stressor
Which role would DNA methylation play in human development and disease?
