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,ChapterOIUYKMNCF01:OIUYKMNCFIntroductionOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFImagingOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFRadiologicOIUYKMNCFScien
ces
Adler:OIUYKMNCFIntroductionOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFRadiologicOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFImagingOIUYKMNCFSciencesOIUYKMNCFa
ndOIUYKMNCFPatientOIUYKMNCFCare,OIUYKMNCF6thOIUYKMNCFEdition

MULTIPLEOIUYKMNCFCHOICE

1. TheOIUYKMNCFuseOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFx-
raysOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFcreateOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFmedicalOIUYKMNCFimageOIUYKMNCFonOIUYKMNCFpatientsOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNC
FreferredOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFas

a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticOIUYKMNCFresonanceOIUYKMNCFimaging.
ANS:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F B
RadiographyOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFmakingOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFrecordsOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFinternalOIUYKMNCF
structuresOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFbodyOIUYKMNCFbyOIUYKMNCFpassageOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFx-
raysOIUYKMNCForOIUYKMNCFgammaOIUYKMNCFraysOIUYKMNCFthroughOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFbody.OIUYKMNCFTheseOIUYKMNCFre
cordsOIUYKMNCForOIUYKMNCFimagesOIUYKMNCFareOIUYKMNCFtypicallyOIUYKMNCFreferredOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFradi
ographs.

REF: p.OIUYKMNCF4

2. ParticularOIUYKMNCFcareOIUYKMNCFmustOIUYKMNCFbeOIUYKMNCFtakenOIUYKMNCFwhenOIUYKMNCFusingOIUYKMNCFradiationOIUYK
MNCFforOIUYKMNCFmedicalOIUYKMNCFimaging.OIUYKMNCFThisOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFresultOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFradi

ation’sOIUYKMNCFabilityOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFcreateOIUYKMNCF
inOIUYKMNCFhumanOIUYKMNCFtissueOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFpossible
OIUYKMNCFbiochemicalOIUYKMNCFchanges.

a. ionizations
b. radioOIUYKMNCFwaves
c. soundOIUYKMNCFwaves
d. thermalOIUYKMNCFchanges
ANS:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F A
SomeOIUYKMNCFformsOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFelectromagneticOIUYKMNCFenergy,OIUYKMNCFincludingOIUYKMNCFx-
rays,OIUYKMNCFhaveOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFabilityOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFionizeOIUYKMNCFatomsOIUYKMNCFinOIUYKMNCFmatter.OIUYK
MNCFTheseOIUYKMNCFionizationsOIUYKMNCFhaveOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFabilityOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFdisruptOIUYKMNCFtheOIU

YKMNCFcompositionOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFmatterOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFareOIUYKMNCFcapableOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFdisrup

tingOIUYKMNCFlifeOIUYKMNCFprocesses.OIUYKMNCFSpecialOIUYKMNCFprotectionOIUYKMNCFshouldOIUYKMNCFbeOIUYKMNCFpro
videdOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFpreventOIUYKMNCFexcessiveOIUYKMNCFexposureOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFionizingOIUYKMNCFradi
ation.

REF: p.OIUYKMNCF3

3. InOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFdiagnosisOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFpatientOIUYKMNCFdiseaseOIUYKMNCFstates,OIUYKMNCFphysicians
OIUYKMNCFcanOIUYKMNCFselectOIUYKMNCFfromOIUYKMNCFanOIUYKMNCFarrayOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFmedical OIUYKMNCFdiagnosti

cOIUYKMNCFmodalities.OIUYKMNCFAOIUYKMNCFfewOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheseOIUYKMNCFinvolveOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFuseOIUYKM
NCFofOIUYKMNCFionizingOIUYKMNCFenergyOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFcreateOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFmedicalOIUYKMNCFimage.OIUYKMN

CFIfOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFphysicianOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFconcernedOIUYKMNCFaboutOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFuseOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKM

NCFionizingOIUYKMNCFradiation,OIUYKMNCFheOIUYKMNCForOIUYKMNCFsheOIUYKMNCFmayOIUYKMNCFchooseOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFor

derOIUYKMNCFanyOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFfollowingOIUYKMNCFdiagnosticOIUYKMNCFmodalitiesOIUYKMNCFEXC
EPT

,a. thermograms.
b. medicalOIUYKMNCFsonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticOIUYKMNCFresonanceOIUYKMNCFimaging.
ANS:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F C
RadiographyOIUYKMNCFinvolvesOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFuseOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFx-
raysOIUYKMNCFforOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFproductionOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFmedicalOIUYKMNCFimages.OIUYKMNCFMedicalOI
UYKMNCFproceduresOIUYKMNCFsuchOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFthermograms,OIUYKMNCFsonograms,OIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFmagn

eticOIUYKMNCFresonanceOIUYKMNCFscansOIUYKMNCFuseOIUYKMNCFnonionizingOIUYKMNCFenergyOIUYKMNCFformsOIUYKMNCFand
OIUYKMNCFconsequentlyOIUYKMNCFdoOIUYKMNCFnotOIUYKMNCFproduceOIUYKMNCFionizationsOIUYKMNCFinOIUYKMNCFhumanOIU

YKMNCFtissue.OIUYKMNCFTheyOIUYKMNCFareOIUYKMNCFregardedOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFnonionizingOIUYKMNCFmodalitiesOIUYKM

NCFforOIUYKMNCFimagingOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFofferOIUYKMNCFexcellentOIUYKMNCFalternativesOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFphysici

ansOIUYKMNCFconcernedOIUYKMNCFaboutOIUYKMNCFradiationOIUYKMNCFexposureOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFpatients.

, REF:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F pp.OIUYKMNCF3-4

4. TheOIUYKMNCFGreekOIUYKMNCFphysicianOIUYKMNCFHippocratesOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFregardedOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFtheOIU
YKMNCFfatherOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFWesternOIUYKMNCFmedicine.OIUYKMNCFAllOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFfollowingOIU

YKMNCFchoicesOIUYKMNCFrepresentOIUYKMNCFhisOIUYKMNCFmedical OIUYKMNCFbeliefsOIUYKMNCFEXCEPTOIUYKMNCFthe

a. useOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFhighOIUYKMNCFethicalOIUYKMNCFstandardsOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFconduct.
b. importantOIUYKMNCFmedicalOIUYKMNCFvalueOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFsorceryOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFwitchcraft.
c. importanceOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFcloselyOIUYKMNCFmonitoringOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFpatient’sOIUYKMNCFconditionOIUYKMN
CFandOIUYKMNCFrecovery.

d. valueOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFdietOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFexerciseOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFallowingOIUYKMNCFnatureOIUYKMNCF
toOIUYKMNCFtakeOIUYKMNCFitsOIUYKMNCFcourseOIUYKMNCFinOIUYKMNCFrecovery.
ANS:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F B
TheOIUYKMNCFHippocraticOIUYKMNCFCorpusOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFwritingsOIUYKMNCFthatOIUYKMNCFtheyOIUYKMNCFemphasiz
eOIUYKMNCFrationalOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFnaturalOIUYKMNCFexplanationsOIUYKMNCFforOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFtreatmentOIUY
KMNCFofOIUYKMNCFdiseaseOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFrejectOIUYKMNCFsorceryOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFmagic.OIUYKMNCFTheOIUYKMN

CFHippocraticOIUYKMNCFoathOIUYKMNCFstillOIUYKMNCFgovernsOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFethicalOIUYKMNCFconductOIUYKMNCFo

fOIUYKMNCFphysiciansOIUYKMNCFtoday.

REF: p.OIUYKMNCF5

5. ThroughoutOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFhistoryOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFmedicine,OIUYKMNCFremarkableOIUYKMNCFachievem
entsOIUYKMNCFhaveOIUYKMNCFbeenOIUYKMNCFrecorded.OIUYKMNCFTheseOIUYKMNCFeventsOIUYKMNCFhaveOIUYKMNCFledOIUYKM
NCFtoOIUYKMNCFourOIUYKMNCFcurrentOIUYKMNCFunderstandingOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFhumanOIUYKMNCForga

nismOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFdisease.OIUYKMNCFAsOIUYKMNCFthisOIUYKMNCFresearchOIUYKMNCFcontinues,OIUYKMNCFmuc
hOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFitOIUYKMNCFwillOIUYKMNCFmostOIUYKMNCFlikelyOIUYKMNCFfocusOIUYKMNCFon
a. properOIUYKMNCFsanitationOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFpublicOIUYKMNCFhealth.
b. immunologyOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFdevelopmentOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFvaccines.
c. germOIUYKMNCFtheoryOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFinfection.
d. humanOIUYKMNCFgenesOIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFgeneticOIUYKMNCFengineering.
ANS:O I U Y K M N C F O I U Y K M N C F D
AlthoughOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFHumanOIUYKMNCFGenomeOIUYKMNCFProjectOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFfinished,OIUYKMNCFa
nalysesOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFdataOIUYKMNCFwillOIUYKMNCFcontinueOIUYKMNCFforOIUYKMNCFmanyOIUYKMNCFyear
s.OIUYKMNCFTheOIUYKMNCFreplacementOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFfaultyOIUYKMNCFgenesOIUYKMNCFthroughOIUYKMNCFgeneOIUYKMNCFt
herapyOIUYKMNCFoffersOIUYKMNCFpromisesOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFcuresOIUYKMNCFforOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFvarietyOIUYKMNCFofOI
UYKMNCFhereditaryOIUYKMNCFdiseases,OIUYKMNCFandOIUYKMNCFthroughOIUYKMNCFgeneticOIUYKMNCFengineering,OIUYKMN

CFimportantOIUYKMNCFpharmaceuticalsOIUYKMNCFcontinueOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFbeOIUYKMNCFdeveloped.OIUYKMNCFMe

dicalOIUYKMNCFresearchOIUYKMNCFwillOIUYKMNCFcontinueOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFfocusOIUYKMNCFonOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFge
neticOIUYKMNCFcodeOIUYKMNCFinOIUYKMNCFallOIUYKMNCFcells.

REF: p.OIUYKMNCF6

6. WilhelmOIUYKMNCFC.OIUYKMNCFRoentgen’sOIUYKMNCFdiscoveryOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCF“theOIUYKMNCFx-
ray”OIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFregardedOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFoneOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFmedicine’sOIUYKMNCFmostOIUYKMNCFsi
gnificantOIUYKMNCFachievements.OIUYKMNCFAlthoughOIUYKMNCFhisOIUYKMNCFdiscoveryOIUYKMNCFwasOIUYKMNCFaccide
ntal,OIUYKMNCFhisOIUYKMNCFearlyOIUYKMNCFresearchOIUYKMNCFwasOIUYKMNCFsoOIUYKMNCFthoroughOIUYKMNCFthatOIUYKMNCFno
OIUYKMNCFsignificantOIUYKMNCFfindingsOIUYKMNCFhaveOIUYKMNCFbeenOIUYKMNCFaddedOIUYKMNCFtoOIUYKMNCFhisOIUYKMNCForig

inalOIUYKMNCFtheories.OIUYKMNCFThisOIUYKMNCFinOIUYKMNCFitselfOIUYKMNCFisOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFtrueOIUYKMNCFtributeOIUYKMN
CFtoOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFbrillianceOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFRoentgenOIUYKMNCFasOIUYKMNCFaOIUYKMNCFscientist.OIUYKMNCF

OneOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFtheOIUYKMNCFmostOIUYKMNCFfamousOIUYKMNCFearlyOIUYKMNCFimagesOIUYKMNCFheOIUYKMNCFcrea
tedOIUYKMNCFwasOIUYKMNCFanOIUYKMNCFx-rayOIUYKMNCFimageOIUYKMNCFofOIUYKMNCFhis
a. colon.
b. laboratoryOIUYKMNCFassistant’sOIUYKMNCFfoot.