Endo Final Exam With Actual Questions And Correctly Well Defined Answers.

List the 7 pulpal diagnosis (1) - correct answer1. Reversible Pulpitis 2. Normal Pulp 3.Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis 4. Asymptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis 5. Pulp Necrosis 6. Previously Treated 7. Previously Initialted List the 5 periapical diagnostic terms (1) - correct answer1. Normal 2. Symptomatic Apical Peridontitis 3. Asymptomatic Apical Peridontitis 4. Chronic Apical Abscess 5. Acute Apical Abscess What is the least likely sign or symptom of SIP (symptomatic irreversible pulpitis)? (1) - correct answer Periapical Radiolucency (PARL) True or False? A periapical diagnosis of SAP (symptomatic apical periodontitis) will always have a periapical radiolucency (PARL)? (1) - correct answer False A draining sinus tract is a defining feature of what periapical diagnosis? (1) - correct answer Chronic Apical Abscess In the Past Dental History Video on Youtube, Dr. Nasseh describes 6 important factors about a patient's chief complaint. What are those 6 factors? (1) - correct answer1. Onset of Pain 2. Duration of Pain 3. Localization of Pain 4. Intensity of Pain 5. Quality of Pain 6. Provocation and Relief A ______ is a condition requiring an unscheduled office visit with diagnosis and treatment (2) - correct answer Flare-up A patient with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis comes into your office as an emergency. After intraoral, extraoral, and radiographic exams are completed it is established that #19 is the offending tooth. The patient is in excruciating pain and treatment must be started yet you do not have time to complete cleaning and shaping. What treatment would be best to help alleviate the patient's pain? (2) - correct answer Pulpotomy True or False? You have completed a full pulpectomy for an emergency patient. The patient presented with intense pain preoperatively and is asking about how to control the pain now that treatment has been performed. Your recommendation would be to take 600mg of ibuprofen as needed. (2) - correct answer False True or False? A patient calls your front desk in intense pain and says the pain is elicited by cold and lingers for 20 minutes. The patient reports no swelling, just severe pain to a cold stimulus. They are requesting antibiotics to help with the "infection" of their tooth. It is appropriate to go ahead and prescribe antibiotics in this case. (2) - correct answer False According to the authors of Endodontics: Principles and Practice, what is the most important aspect of treating a flare-up or a true emergency? (2) - correct answer Reassurance The incidence of flare-ups is (2) - correct answer Approximately 3% In an emergency situation, the most important objective test is: (2) - correct answer The test that reproduces the painful stimulus What is most important for resolution of pulp necrosis/acute apical abscess? (2) - correct answer Removing irritants from the canal space True or False? With an intrusive luxation injury in a tooth with a closed apex, root canal treatment should be delayed until the tooth has erupted back into its correct position. (2) - correct answer False A patient presents to your office after sustaining a head injury. You observe the patient has facial lacerations, bleeding from a lip laceration, and states their tooth is luxated and fractured. After your initial physical assessment, what is the next assessment that should be performed? (2) - correct answer CNS Evaluation Which of the following is a sequelae of root fractures? Select all that apply (2) 1. Healing of the root fracture with hard tissue 2. Calcific Metamorphosis 3. Healing of the root fracture with connective tissue 4. Always RCT - correct answer1. Healing of the root fracture with hard tissue 2. Calcific Metamorphosis 3. Healing of the root fracture with connective tissue What is the most important factor that affects the prognosis of an avulsed tooth? (2) - correct answer Extraoral dry time True or False? Antibiotics are necessary in an acute apical abscess with localized swelling. (2) - correct answer False Which classification of antibiotics is the first option for dental infections requiring antibiotics? (2) - correct answer Penicillins Which of the following is the correct prescription for amoxicillin when treating an acute apical abscess with diffuse swelling? (2) 1. You don't need antibiotics in this case 2. 500 mg TID for 10 days 3. 1000mg loading dose, then 1000mg BID for 5 days 4. 1000mg loading dose, then 500mg TID for 5 days - correct answer4. 1000mg loading dose, then 500mg TID for 5 days Antibiotic administration is recommended for: (2) 1. Retreatment of a failed RCT 2. Prophylaxis to minimize flare-ups 3. Cellulitis 4. None of the above 5. Localized swelling with a large radiolucency 6. Severe pain with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis - correct answer3. Cellulitis Anesthesia of mandibular teeth, especially those with SIP/SAP, is enhanced by: (2) 1. Increasing the concentration of epinephrine 2. Injecting on the lingual to block the mylohyoid nerve 3. Infiltration of articaine on the facial 4. Injecting buffers in the region of the mandibular foramen 5. Repeating the injection while positioning the patient upright - correct answer3. Infiltration of articaine on the facial List five "natural" or acquired causes of discolored teeth (4): - correct answer1. Pulp Necrosis 2. Calcific Metamorphosis 3. Age 4. Intrapulpal Hemorrhage 5. Developmental Defects List 4 Iatrogenic causes for tooth discoloration? (4) - correct answer1. Obturating materials 2. Pulp remnants 3. Medicaments 4. Coronal Restorations What is the current recommended bleaching material used for the "walking bleach" technique? (4) - correct answer Sodium Perborate Which of the following statements about internal bleaching is correct? (4) 1. Long-standing discolorations that are bleached internally are always more prone to rediscoloration than short-term discolorations 2. Patient age plays a critical role in the success of internal bleaching procedures 3. Internally bleached teeth are shown to be more brittle and more prone to fracture 4. Although the exact mechanism is not fully clear, it is presumed that the etiology of bleaching related root resorption may be caused by leaching of hydrogen peroxide through dentinal tubules and defects in the CEJ and root surface causing irritation to the periodontium 5. All of the above - correct answer4. Although the exact mechanism is not fully clear, it is presumed that the etiology of bleaching related root resorption may be caused by leaching of hydrogen peroxide through dentinal tubules and defects in the CEJ and root surface causing irritation to the periodontium The mechanism of bleaching is most correctly summarized by the following: (4) 1. Bleaching proceeds by washing out the pigment of molecules and leaving behind only their unstained external structure 2. Chromophores attack the bonds of other molecules, leading to dissolution of the reactive oxygen species (which otherwise contribute to pigmentation of molecules) 3. Reactive oxygen species cause the breakdown of larger pigmented molecules into smaller less visibly pigmented molecules 4. Bleaching occurs via alteration of trans bonds to a cis fashion that allows kinked structures to be better aligned and thus creates less visible pigmentation in the visible light spectrum - correct answer3. Reactive oxygen species cause the breakdown of larger pigmented molecules into smaller less visibly pigmented molecules List 3 indications for internal bleaching? (4) - correct answer1. Discoloration of pulp chamber origin 2. Discoloration of dentin 3. Discoloration not amenable to external bleaching True/False There is a clinical difference between the success rate of the IANB between patients presenting with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis and those with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. (5) - correct answer True The success rate for the IANB for a patient with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of first molar is (5) - correct answer20-30% List 3 reasons it may be difficult to anesthetize a patient with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in a mandibular molar (5) - correct answer1. Central core theory 2. Local tissue changes because of inflammation 3. Hyperalgesia List 4 types of injection techniques that can be used for mandibular pulpal anesthesia. (5) - correct answer1. Intraosseous Injection 2. Peridontal Ligament Injection 3. Intrapulpal Injection 4. Gow-Gates _____ is the key to an intrapulpal injection to be successful. (5) - correct answer Back Pressure True or False? A patient is displaying lip signs of a successful IANB. This indicates pulpal anesthesia and can proceed with root canal treatment. (5) - correct answer False