Pharmacology NURS 7430 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Name |the |following |concepts |involved |in |active |transport |of |drugs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--
Consumption |of |Energy
-Specific |Carrier
-Saturable
"Passive |diffusion |is |driven |by |concentration |gradient. |Active |CARRIER |transport |requires |
energy |and |a |specific |carrier |which |can |be |saturated |if |too |much |medication |is |available"
What |is |the |predominant |issue |that |impacts |drug |effectiveness |and |safety |with |regard |to |
pharmacokinetics |in |the |elderly? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-decreased |renal |functioning
"remember |- |pharmacokinetics |is |what |the |BODY |does |to |the |drug, |thus |decreased |renal |
function |is |the |right |answer!"
Which |schedule |of |drugs |is |described |as |"A |drug |used |in |medical |treatment |with |high |abuse |
potential |and |may |result |in |physical |and |mental |dependence |liability." |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Schedule |II
"Schedule |1 |drugs |aren't |used |in |medical |treatment |(except |of |course, |now |marijuana |is |used |
in |the |states |where |it |is |legal) |BUT |the |best |answer |is |schedule |2"
What |type |of |drugs |can |cross |the |blood-brain |barrier |(BBB)? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Small |
and |lipid |soluble |
, "The |BBB |has |tight |barriers |so |the |molecules |must |be |small. |Also |lipid |soluble |drugs |cross |cell |
membranes |whereas |water |soluble |drugs |aren't |able |to |cross |the |membrane"
Which |statement |describes |the |effects |of |the |presence |of |liver |disease |on |drug |half-life |and |
plasma |protein |binding? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Drug |half-life |would |be |prolonged |and |
plasma |protein |binding |would |decrease.
"The |liver |produces |albumin. |Albumin |is |a |MAJOR |protein |that |drugs |bind |to |after |absorption. |
Therefore |there |is |less |plasma |protein |binding |because |there |is |less |albumin
Less |binding |sites |will |increase |volume |of |distribution, |slow |metabolism |(increase |half |life) |
because |there |is |more |free |drug |to |metabolize |AND |because |the |liver |is |unable |to |express |the |
CYP |450 |enzymes |for |metabolism"
Which |of |the |following |is |TRUE |regarding |"first |pass" |elimination? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--
drug |is |first |transported |across |the |gut |wall |into |the |portal |circulation
-sometimes |extensive |drug |metabolism |may |occur |in |the |liver
-first-pass |effects |may |reduce |drug |bioavailability
Which |of |the |following |best |describes |or |defines |the |efficacy |of |a |drug? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Maximal |response |produced |by |a |drug
"Efficacy |is |how |well |the |drug |works |- |POTENCY |is |the |amount |of |response |/ |dosage."
If |a |drug |with |a |2-hour |half |life |is |given |with |an |initial |dose |of |8 |mcg/ml, |assuming |first-order |
kinetics, |how |much |drug |will |be |left |at |6 |hours? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1 |mcg. |ml
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Name |the |following |concepts |involved |in |active |transport |of |drugs |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--
Consumption |of |Energy
-Specific |Carrier
-Saturable
"Passive |diffusion |is |driven |by |concentration |gradient. |Active |CARRIER |transport |requires |
energy |and |a |specific |carrier |which |can |be |saturated |if |too |much |medication |is |available"
What |is |the |predominant |issue |that |impacts |drug |effectiveness |and |safety |with |regard |to |
pharmacokinetics |in |the |elderly? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-decreased |renal |functioning
"remember |- |pharmacokinetics |is |what |the |BODY |does |to |the |drug, |thus |decreased |renal |
function |is |the |right |answer!"
Which |schedule |of |drugs |is |described |as |"A |drug |used |in |medical |treatment |with |high |abuse |
potential |and |may |result |in |physical |and |mental |dependence |liability." |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Schedule |II
"Schedule |1 |drugs |aren't |used |in |medical |treatment |(except |of |course, |now |marijuana |is |used |
in |the |states |where |it |is |legal) |BUT |the |best |answer |is |schedule |2"
What |type |of |drugs |can |cross |the |blood-brain |barrier |(BBB)? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Small |
and |lipid |soluble |
, "The |BBB |has |tight |barriers |so |the |molecules |must |be |small. |Also |lipid |soluble |drugs |cross |cell |
membranes |whereas |water |soluble |drugs |aren't |able |to |cross |the |membrane"
Which |statement |describes |the |effects |of |the |presence |of |liver |disease |on |drug |half-life |and |
plasma |protein |binding? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Drug |half-life |would |be |prolonged |and |
plasma |protein |binding |would |decrease.
"The |liver |produces |albumin. |Albumin |is |a |MAJOR |protein |that |drugs |bind |to |after |absorption. |
Therefore |there |is |less |plasma |protein |binding |because |there |is |less |albumin
Less |binding |sites |will |increase |volume |of |distribution, |slow |metabolism |(increase |half |life) |
because |there |is |more |free |drug |to |metabolize |AND |because |the |liver |is |unable |to |express |the |
CYP |450 |enzymes |for |metabolism"
Which |of |the |following |is |TRUE |regarding |"first |pass" |elimination? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--
drug |is |first |transported |across |the |gut |wall |into |the |portal |circulation
-sometimes |extensive |drug |metabolism |may |occur |in |the |liver
-first-pass |effects |may |reduce |drug |bioavailability
Which |of |the |following |best |describes |or |defines |the |efficacy |of |a |drug? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Maximal |response |produced |by |a |drug
"Efficacy |is |how |well |the |drug |works |- |POTENCY |is |the |amount |of |response |/ |dosage."
If |a |drug |with |a |2-hour |half |life |is |given |with |an |initial |dose |of |8 |mcg/ml, |assuming |first-order |
kinetics, |how |much |drug |will |be |left |at |6 |hours? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1 |mcg. |ml
