NURS 7430 - Advanced Pharm Final Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
A |confused |and |lethargic |patient |has |an |arterial |blood |gas |which |shows |an |anion |gap |of |20. |
His |osmolar |gap |is |25. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |most |likely |diagnosis? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Ethylene |glycol |toxicity
The |modern |approach |to |a |patient |with |an |altered |level |of |consciousness |is |a |targeted |
correction |of |immediate |threats |to |life |and |often |includes |the |administration |of |flumazenil |and
|naloxone. |Which |of |the |following |is |a |reason |to |be |cautious |and |titrate |the |dose |of |these |
medications? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Aggressive |administration |of |flumazenil |can |cause |acute
|withdrawal, |agitation, |seizures, |and |fatal |cardiac |arrhythmias.
A |patient |overdosed |on |aspirin |approximately |30 |minutes |ago. |Her |vital |signs |are: |VS |P-100, |
BP-144/90, |RR-24, |T-99.9. |Which |of |the |following |actions |is |indicated? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-- |Multiple |doses |of |activated |charcoal
- |Urinary |alkalinization |with |sodium |bicarbonate
- |Orogastric |lavage
- |Hemodialysis
Yes, |to |inactivate |medication |missed |by |lavage.
Yes, |to |get |tablets |still |in |the |stomach
Hemodialysis |can |be |used |as |an |adjunctive |therapy |in |the |elimination |of |some |medications |or |
toxins. |What |properties |of |the |toxins |are |necessary |for |the |most |effective |use |of |
hemodialysis? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Low |protein |binding, |small |volume |distribution, |small |
molecular |weight, |and |water |soluble
,If |a |medications/toxins |is |low |protein |binding, |has |a |small |volume |distribution, |small |
molecular |weight, |and |is |water |soluble |it's |removal |may |be |enhanced |by |hemodialysis.
A |patient |presents |with |a |history |of |depression, |she |is |unresponsive |at |home, |she |has |an |
altered |mental |status, |clonus |and |hyperthermia. |What |is |the |most |likely |cause |of |this |problem
|in |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Serotonin |Syndrome
You |are |caring |for |a |3 |year |old |who |according |to |his |mother |has |ingested |his |whole |bottle |of |
Flintstone |vitamins |with |iron |approximately |1 |hour |ago. |What |treatment |would |be |appropriate
|for |this |child? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Whole |Bowel |Irrigation
Which |of |the |following |patients |would |be |the |BEST |candidate |for |treatment |with |activated |
charcoal? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-19 |year |old |who |took |a |combination |of |sleeping |pills |and |
benzodiazepines |30 |minutes |prior
A |patient |presents |with |a |chief |complaints |of |GI |upset |with |ringing |in |her |ears |(tinnitus), |
nausea |and |vomiting. |She |is |febrile, |and |analysis |of |her |blood |gasses |& |electrolytes |indicates |
the |presence |of |a |respiratory |alkalosis |with |a |compensatory |metabolic |acidosis. |What |drug |or |
class |of |drugs |is |likely |causing |the |observed |findings? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-salicylates
You |are |working |in |the |ER |and |a |mother |brings |her |2 |year |old |son |in |for |evaluation |after |he |
was |found |eating |leaves |off |a |plant |at |his |grandmother's |house. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |
most |appropriate |initial |treatment |for |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Supportive |care
You |are |working |in |the |ER |and |a |mother |brings |her |2 |year |old |in |for |evaluation |after |he |was |
found |eating |leaves |off |a |plant |at |his |grandmother's |house. |What |is |the |most |appropriate |next
|action |for |you |as |the |NP |caring |for |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Attempt |to |identify |
the |plant
What |is |the |primary |toxicity |leading |to |death |from |an |acetaminophen |overdose? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-hepatocellular |necrosis
, A |patient |confesses |to |taking |a |full |bottle |of |acetaminophen |about |5 |1/2 |hours |ago. |Tylenol |
levels |are |drawn. |According |to |the |Rummich |Matthew |nomogram |liver |toxicity |is |likely. |What |
is |the |best |treatment |option |for |this |patient |at |this |point? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-N-
Acetylcysteine
If |a |patient |takes |an |acute |overdose |of |acetaminophen |how |long |can |N-acetylcystiene |therapy
|be |delayed |before |losing |efficacy? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-8 |hours
Which |of |the |following |substances |is |poorly |bound |by |activated |Charcoal? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Lithium
Which |of |the |following |supplements |are |used |to |promote |cardiovascular |health, |help |control |
hyperlipidemia, |and |or |manage |elevated |triglycerides? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Garlic |and |
Omega |3/fish |oils
Garlic |has |lipid-lowering |and |antithrombotic |properties |and |is |used |to |treat |hyperlipidemia |
and |to |prevent |clot |formation. |Omega-3s/Fish |Oil |- |promote |the |relaxation |and |contraction |of |
muscles, |blood |clotting, |digestion, |cell |division, |and |the |growth |and |movement |of |calcium |and
|other |substances |in |and |out |of |cells; |decrease |inflammation |and |platelet |aggregation.
Each |of |the |following |techniques |can |be |done |alone |or |with |the |help |of |a |therapist. |Which |of |
the |following |techniques |is |best |described |as |a |state |of |altered |consciousness |and |heightened |
suggestibility? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Hypnosis
Hypnosis |has |the |unique |distinction |has |having |a |heightened |state |of |suggestibility. |In |the |
hypnotic |state |a |therapist |makes |suggestions |to |the |patient |to |modify |the |patient's |perception
|of |sensations |such |as |pain |or |to |change |behavior |(such |as |smoking).
Which |of |the |following |herbal |remedies |is |commonly |used |to |help |manage |symptoms |of |
menopause |and |has |vascular |and |estrogenic |activity? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Black |Cohosh
Questions With Correct Answers
A |confused |and |lethargic |patient |has |an |arterial |blood |gas |which |shows |an |anion |gap |of |20. |
His |osmolar |gap |is |25. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |most |likely |diagnosis? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Ethylene |glycol |toxicity
The |modern |approach |to |a |patient |with |an |altered |level |of |consciousness |is |a |targeted |
correction |of |immediate |threats |to |life |and |often |includes |the |administration |of |flumazenil |and
|naloxone. |Which |of |the |following |is |a |reason |to |be |cautious |and |titrate |the |dose |of |these |
medications? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Aggressive |administration |of |flumazenil |can |cause |acute
|withdrawal, |agitation, |seizures, |and |fatal |cardiac |arrhythmias.
A |patient |overdosed |on |aspirin |approximately |30 |minutes |ago. |Her |vital |signs |are: |VS |P-100, |
BP-144/90, |RR-24, |T-99.9. |Which |of |the |following |actions |is |indicated? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-- |Multiple |doses |of |activated |charcoal
- |Urinary |alkalinization |with |sodium |bicarbonate
- |Orogastric |lavage
- |Hemodialysis
Yes, |to |inactivate |medication |missed |by |lavage.
Yes, |to |get |tablets |still |in |the |stomach
Hemodialysis |can |be |used |as |an |adjunctive |therapy |in |the |elimination |of |some |medications |or |
toxins. |What |properties |of |the |toxins |are |necessary |for |the |most |effective |use |of |
hemodialysis? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Low |protein |binding, |small |volume |distribution, |small |
molecular |weight, |and |water |soluble
,If |a |medications/toxins |is |low |protein |binding, |has |a |small |volume |distribution, |small |
molecular |weight, |and |is |water |soluble |it's |removal |may |be |enhanced |by |hemodialysis.
A |patient |presents |with |a |history |of |depression, |she |is |unresponsive |at |home, |she |has |an |
altered |mental |status, |clonus |and |hyperthermia. |What |is |the |most |likely |cause |of |this |problem
|in |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Serotonin |Syndrome
You |are |caring |for |a |3 |year |old |who |according |to |his |mother |has |ingested |his |whole |bottle |of |
Flintstone |vitamins |with |iron |approximately |1 |hour |ago. |What |treatment |would |be |appropriate
|for |this |child? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Whole |Bowel |Irrigation
Which |of |the |following |patients |would |be |the |BEST |candidate |for |treatment |with |activated |
charcoal? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-19 |year |old |who |took |a |combination |of |sleeping |pills |and |
benzodiazepines |30 |minutes |prior
A |patient |presents |with |a |chief |complaints |of |GI |upset |with |ringing |in |her |ears |(tinnitus), |
nausea |and |vomiting. |She |is |febrile, |and |analysis |of |her |blood |gasses |& |electrolytes |indicates |
the |presence |of |a |respiratory |alkalosis |with |a |compensatory |metabolic |acidosis. |What |drug |or |
class |of |drugs |is |likely |causing |the |observed |findings? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-salicylates
You |are |working |in |the |ER |and |a |mother |brings |her |2 |year |old |son |in |for |evaluation |after |he |
was |found |eating |leaves |off |a |plant |at |his |grandmother's |house. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |
most |appropriate |initial |treatment |for |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Supportive |care
You |are |working |in |the |ER |and |a |mother |brings |her |2 |year |old |in |for |evaluation |after |he |was |
found |eating |leaves |off |a |plant |at |his |grandmother's |house. |What |is |the |most |appropriate |next
|action |for |you |as |the |NP |caring |for |this |patient? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Attempt |to |identify |
the |plant
What |is |the |primary |toxicity |leading |to |death |from |an |acetaminophen |overdose? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-hepatocellular |necrosis
, A |patient |confesses |to |taking |a |full |bottle |of |acetaminophen |about |5 |1/2 |hours |ago. |Tylenol |
levels |are |drawn. |According |to |the |Rummich |Matthew |nomogram |liver |toxicity |is |likely. |What |
is |the |best |treatment |option |for |this |patient |at |this |point? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-N-
Acetylcysteine
If |a |patient |takes |an |acute |overdose |of |acetaminophen |how |long |can |N-acetylcystiene |therapy
|be |delayed |before |losing |efficacy? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-8 |hours
Which |of |the |following |substances |is |poorly |bound |by |activated |Charcoal? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Lithium
Which |of |the |following |supplements |are |used |to |promote |cardiovascular |health, |help |control |
hyperlipidemia, |and |or |manage |elevated |triglycerides? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Garlic |and |
Omega |3/fish |oils
Garlic |has |lipid-lowering |and |antithrombotic |properties |and |is |used |to |treat |hyperlipidemia |
and |to |prevent |clot |formation. |Omega-3s/Fish |Oil |- |promote |the |relaxation |and |contraction |of |
muscles, |blood |clotting, |digestion, |cell |division, |and |the |growth |and |movement |of |calcium |and
|other |substances |in |and |out |of |cells; |decrease |inflammation |and |platelet |aggregation.
Each |of |the |following |techniques |can |be |done |alone |or |with |the |help |of |a |therapist. |Which |of |
the |following |techniques |is |best |described |as |a |state |of |altered |consciousness |and |heightened |
suggestibility? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Hypnosis
Hypnosis |has |the |unique |distinction |has |having |a |heightened |state |of |suggestibility. |In |the |
hypnotic |state |a |therapist |makes |suggestions |to |the |patient |to |modify |the |patient's |perception
|of |sensations |such |as |pain |or |to |change |behavior |(such |as |smoking).
Which |of |the |following |herbal |remedies |is |commonly |used |to |help |manage |symptoms |of |
menopause |and |has |vascular |and |estrogenic |activity? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Black |Cohosh
