Class notes maths

Class 10 Math - Chapter 1: Matrices and Determinants



1. What is a Matrix?

A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers in rows and columns.

Example:

[ [1 2]

[3 4] ]



2. Order of a Matrix

The order of a matrix is written as Rows x Columns.

Example:

Matrix [ [1 2]

[3 4] ] has order 2 x 2



3. Types of Matrices

- Row Matrix: Only 1 row -> [2 5 7]

- Column Matrix: Only 1 column -> [4, 6]^T

- Square Matrix: Same number of rows and columns

- Zero Matrix: All elements are 0

- Diagonal Matrix: Only diagonal elements are non-zero

- Scalar Matrix: Diagonal elements are equal



4. Matrix Addition and Subtraction

Only possible when matrix orders are equal. Add/subtract corresponding elements.

Example:

[ [1 2] + [5 6] = [6 8]