GEOL 11: PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY 2nd Year
1st Sem
LESSON 9A: Sedimentary Environments S.Y 2023 - 2024
3. Marine Environments - underwater/
SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS offshore
● Reef
● shelf/platform
Sites of erosion, non- deposition or deposition
● slope/rise
that are , physically, chemically, and biologically
● deep-marine
distinct from adjacent terrain (unique to its
location)
TERRESTRIAL
1. Alluvial and Fluvial
Alluvial (mountains) - foots of the mountains
where sediments gather
Fluvial (rivers) - running all along the landscape
(from the mountains to the lowlands to the mouth
papunta sa dagat
Alluvial - once na nakaalis sa mountain,
magspread yung mga sediments na cinacarry ng
Three Types: mga stream and form the alluvial fans. Nung nasa
1. Terrestrial Environments - inland bundok, hindi siya makapagspread out since
environments (nasa loob) constrained lang sa steep slopes until
● Dunes magkaspace sa flat lands.
● Alluvial fan
● Lake
● Stream
● Glacier
2. Transitional Environments - border
between terrestrial and marine
environments
● Delta
● Swamp Examples: alluvial fans in Pagod, Nueva Ecija
● Beach
● Tidal flat Fluvial Environments Different Forms
● Beach/barrier island 1. Braided - connects and intersects with
each other
, GEOL 11: PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY 2nd Year
1st Sem
LESSON 9A: Sedimentary Environments S.Y 2023 - 2024
2. Meandering - one long curvy river Sediments that a river deposits
3. Straight - fast, flowing, dire-diretso 1. Flood Plains
4. Anastomosing - common in deltas, where 2. Point Bar
the river meets the sea 3. Channel
Example of Meandering Channelm- Parts of a
River
1. Thalweg - path of current (head of the
snake)
2. Inner Banks - right side, nagdedeposit
3. Outer Banks - left side, nagsispeed up
Braided Channels
1. T-Bar - outside
2. L-Bar - middle
Eventually, kapag nagdivide yung river,
bumabagal, and magdedeposit, the parts will
become outer banks and T-bars.
Example of Meandering Channel: Baco, Oriental
Mindoro
The deposition will form the oxbow lake (yung Example of Braided Channel: Valencia, Negros
naseparate na part). Oriental
Other Features:
● Levee
1st Sem
LESSON 9A: Sedimentary Environments S.Y 2023 - 2024
3. Marine Environments - underwater/
SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS offshore
● Reef
● shelf/platform
Sites of erosion, non- deposition or deposition
● slope/rise
that are , physically, chemically, and biologically
● deep-marine
distinct from adjacent terrain (unique to its
location)
TERRESTRIAL
1. Alluvial and Fluvial
Alluvial (mountains) - foots of the mountains
where sediments gather
Fluvial (rivers) - running all along the landscape
(from the mountains to the lowlands to the mouth
papunta sa dagat
Alluvial - once na nakaalis sa mountain,
magspread yung mga sediments na cinacarry ng
Three Types: mga stream and form the alluvial fans. Nung nasa
1. Terrestrial Environments - inland bundok, hindi siya makapagspread out since
environments (nasa loob) constrained lang sa steep slopes until
● Dunes magkaspace sa flat lands.
● Alluvial fan
● Lake
● Stream
● Glacier
2. Transitional Environments - border
between terrestrial and marine
environments
● Delta
● Swamp Examples: alluvial fans in Pagod, Nueva Ecija
● Beach
● Tidal flat Fluvial Environments Different Forms
● Beach/barrier island 1. Braided - connects and intersects with
each other
, GEOL 11: PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY 2nd Year
1st Sem
LESSON 9A: Sedimentary Environments S.Y 2023 - 2024
2. Meandering - one long curvy river Sediments that a river deposits
3. Straight - fast, flowing, dire-diretso 1. Flood Plains
4. Anastomosing - common in deltas, where 2. Point Bar
the river meets the sea 3. Channel
Example of Meandering Channelm- Parts of a
River
1. Thalweg - path of current (head of the
snake)
2. Inner Banks - right side, nagdedeposit
3. Outer Banks - left side, nagsispeed up
Braided Channels
1. T-Bar - outside
2. L-Bar - middle
Eventually, kapag nagdivide yung river,
bumabagal, and magdedeposit, the parts will
become outer banks and T-bars.
Example of Meandering Channel: Baco, Oriental
Mindoro
The deposition will form the oxbow lake (yung Example of Braided Channel: Valencia, Negros
naseparate na part). Oriental
Other Features:
● Levee
