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Ejercicios resueltos de destilación

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Encontrarás 3 ejercicios resueltos donde se calcula el número de platos de un torre de destilación

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UNIDAD CURRICULAR: DISEÑO Y EVALUACIÓN DE EQUIPOS DE
OPERACIONES UNITARIAS


Tema 2: Destilación.


ASIGNACION 3.
1. Cierta mezcla equimolar metanol – agua se trata en una columna de
rectificación continua para obtener un destilado de composición 0,95
(fracción molar de metanol) y un producto de cola cuya composición es
menor o igual a 0,05 (fracción molar de metanol). Se adjuntan los datos
de equilibrio. Determine:

a) Cantidad de producto de cabeza y cola si se alimentan 1000 kg/h.
b) Relación de reflujo mínima, si la alimentación es líquido saturado.
c) Números de platos teóricos si R=1,5 Rmin
d) Plato de alimentación




1000Kg/h




0,05




a) Del balance global
F=D+W
1000 = D + W
D = 1000 – W (1)


Del balance por componente
FXf = DXd + WXw
(1000)(0,5) = D(0,95) + W(0,05)

, 500 = 0,95D + 0,05W (2)


Sustituyendo (1) en (2)
500 = 0,95(1000 – W) + 0,05W
500 = 950 – 0,95W + 0,05W
-450 = -0.9W
W = 500 Kg/h
D = 1000 – W
D = 1000 – 500
D = 500 Kg/h


b) Líquido saturado q = 1
Xf = 0,5 Xd = 0,95
De la gráfica 1.




(Rm + 1)(0,59) = 0,95
0,59Rm + 0,59 = 0,95
0,59Rm = 0,95 – 0,59
0,59Rm = 0,36



c) R = 1,5Rm
d) R = 1,5(0,61) = 0,915



Nº de platos teóricos = 8
Plato de Alimentación = 5

2. Se desea separar por destilación una alimentación total de 200 mol/h
que tiene una composición de 42% mol de acetato de etilo y 58% de
etanol a P = 101,3 kPa, para obtener un destilado que contenga 90%

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