NURS 5432 MIDTERM STUDY
GUIDE EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Abnormal growth and development: skin - CORRECT-ANSWERSJaundice
within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or infection).
Petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis).
Birthmarks: Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate
neurofibromatosis). Port-wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Head - CORRECT-ANSWERSBulging
fontanel (increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Eyes - CORRECT-ANSWERSAbsent
red reflex (retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
,Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like
Down or Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection
gonorrhea,chlamydia, or herpes
Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears - CORRECT-ANSWERSLow-set
ears (associated with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy
21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth - CORRECT-ANSWERSCleft
palate/lip (requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann
syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck - CORRECT-ANSWERSWebbing
excessive amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological - CORRECT-ANSWERSTone
abnormalities:
, Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or
genetic conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental
delay).
Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation
may indicate seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular - CORRECT-
ANSWERSMurmurs: Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like
Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
Abnormal growth and development: Gastrointestinal - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAbsent or delayed meconium (>48 hours): Failure to pass
meconium in 24-48 hours is abnormal **Think Hirschsprung disease or cystic
fibrosis.**
Omphalocele or gastroschisis: Abdominal wall defects requiring surgical
intervention.
GUIDE EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Abnormal growth and development: skin - CORRECT-ANSWERSJaundice
within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or infection).
Petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis).
Birthmarks: Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate
neurofibromatosis). Port-wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Head - CORRECT-ANSWERSBulging
fontanel (increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Eyes - CORRECT-ANSWERSAbsent
red reflex (retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
,Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like
Down or Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection
gonorrhea,chlamydia, or herpes
Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears - CORRECT-ANSWERSLow-set
ears (associated with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy
21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth - CORRECT-ANSWERSCleft
palate/lip (requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann
syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck - CORRECT-ANSWERSWebbing
excessive amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological - CORRECT-ANSWERSTone
abnormalities:
, Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or
genetic conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental
delay).
Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation
may indicate seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular - CORRECT-
ANSWERSMurmurs: Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like
Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
Abnormal growth and development: Gastrointestinal - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAbsent or delayed meconium (>48 hours): Failure to pass
meconium in 24-48 hours is abnormal **Think Hirschsprung disease or cystic
fibrosis.**
Omphalocele or gastroschisis: Abdominal wall defects requiring surgical
intervention.
