AAERT Test Study - Summer 2025 Exam Key Questions with Correct Solutions|| Updated 2025/2026 A+ Graded!!!New Version

AAERT Test Study - Summer 2025 Exam Key Questions with Correct Solutions|| Updated 2025/2026 A+ Graded!!!New Version 1. Sample Rate - ANSWER for digital audio sample at a high sampling rate so speech sounds are smooth and correctly represented 2. Bit Rate - ANSWER represents the amount of information, or detail that is stored per unit time of a recording 3. Sample Rate - ANSWER 44.1 khz, 48khz, etc. 4. Bit Rate - ANSWER usually 16 or 24 bits 5. What are two types of microphones? - ANSWER dynamic and condenser 6. Unidirectional - ANSWER single voice 7. Omnidirectional - ANSWER all directions 8. What should you consider when placing microphones? - ANSWER size and character of the room, the number and location of speakers, and types of microphones available 9. What type of microphones are always preferred for use? - ANSWER cardioid microphones 10. In the case of an unexpected number of participants, what type of microphones should be part of the emergency equipment? - ANSWER omnidirectional microphones 11. What is the reporters responsibility? - ANSWER ensure that every speaker is audible in the recording and secure microphones to minimize trip hazards 12. What are the best ways to test the microphones? - ANSWER speak into the microphone and identify it or lightly scrape its screen with your finger 13. Why is an acoustically "dead" room preferred for electronic reporting? - ANSWER it picks up the speakers better by having walls that absorb sound and reduce echoes 14. What is the ROLE of a court reporter? - ANSWER to capture and preserve the verbatim record by recording proceedings with an analog or digital system as well as take simultaneous annotations to identify important case events such as identifying speakers, unusual jargon, proper nouns, and key terms 15. Discovery Period - ANSWER allows parties to marshal their evidence 16. Interrogatories - ANSWER posed by each side to the opposing side 17. What is the standard order of events for criminal and civil trials? - ANSWER discovery, trial, decision 18. This is filed BEFORE a trial. - ANSWER initial motion in limine 19. Voir Dire - ANSWER examination that determines individual suitability for randomly selected citizens to sit as jurors in a case 20. Peremptory - ANSWER dismisses a juror from further consideration without the challenging attorney having to tell the court why 21. For Cause - ANSWER attorney must inform the court why the juror is being challenged 22. This type of witnesses may be deposed only to give an opinion testimony. - ANSWER expert witness 23. Opinion Testimony - ANSWER admitted to the court only as an aid in understanding technical matters 24. This type of witness is NOT permitted to express their opinion, but are restricted to reciting facts only. - ANSWER lay witness 25. Mitigating Circumstances - ANSWER might lead to a "downward departure" from the standard sentence 26. Aggravating Circumstances - ANSWER Might lead to an increase of the severity of the standard sentence 27. When a lawyer makes a specific reference to a prior case law, they are doing what? - ANSWER citing precedents 28. If a jury is "deadlocked" the judge will declare a what? - ANSWER mistrial 29. Opinions and findings of judges and jury verdicts are said to be what when read or stated aloud in court? - ANSWER published 30. When does the official record begin? - ANSWER the clerk or presiding official calls the case to be heard 31. Sidebar/bench conferences are part of the official record unless... - ANSWER the judge advises otherwise 32. Who is responsible for interruptions or gaps in the recording? - ANSWER the court reporter 33. What are the most common type of microphone connectors? - ANSWER XLR connectors 34. When should courtroom equipment be tested? - ANSWER at the start of each work day 35. During the first check of the day, it is a good idea to recite what into the first microphone tested? - ANSWER the date 36. Higher state courts (called Superior, District, or Circuit Courts) possess what? - ANSWER general jurisdiction 37. The three types of court are... - ANSWER State courts, Federal courts and The United States Supreme Court 38. What are the two types of jurisdiction that all courts have? - ANSWER subject matter and territorial 39. What are the four tiers of the state court system? - ANSWER State Supreme Court/ Court[s] of Appeal/ Superior, circuit, or District Court/ City or Municipal Court[s] 40. The Federal statutes are contained within what? - ANSWER the United States Code (U.S.C.) 41. A typical United States Code citation might be typed out as... - ANSWER 26 U.S.C. 6652(a)(1)(B) 42. Court Opinions are typically cited by... - ANSWER case name, volume number, the court's name, the page number, and the court term(year of decision) 43. Both congressional and state enactments are what? - ANSWER statutory law 44. Legislatures have nothing to do with... - ANSWER natural law 45. Legislatures did not originate the elements of the original English/American ... - ANSWER common law 46. Common Law - ANSWER a body of principles which are authoritative because they are ancient and customary. 47. Doctrines are often called... - ANSWER major principles of law 48. What divides the courtroom? - ANSWER the bar 49. Instead of "swear," those with religious or philosophical scruples against oath-taking may do what? - ANSWER affirm 50. When evidence is sufficient to warrant a trial, the grand jury returns? - ANSWER bill of indictment 51. What is held to allow a defendant to enter a plea with the court? - ANSWER an arraignment 52. A defendant isn't officially involved in a lawsuit until he/she does what? - ANSWER receives a copy of the complaint 53. Who is the "trier of fact"? - ANSWER the judge or jury 54. Who is the sole arbiter of law? - ANSWER the judge 55. Who instructs the jury on what the law says? - ANSWER the judge 56. Who is not allowed in Tax Court or in Bankruptcy Court? - ANSWER the jurors 57. Cardio - ANSWER heart 58. Meta - ANSWER changing 59. Caveat - ANSWER beware, a warning 60. Chattel - ANSWER an article of movable personal property 61. Black's Law Dictionary - ANSWER a standard legal reference work, including abbreviations and other materials 62. Dictum/Dicta - ANSWER do not directly relate to the facts of a case 63. en bloc - ANSWER in a block; as a unit, as a whole , completely 64. Fair Market Value - ANSWER a price most willing sellers and willing buyers would agree upon during sale negotiations 65. General Domain - ANSWER publications, musical compositions, or other items whose copyright protection has lapsed 66. Habeas Corpus - ANSWER you have the body; a writ issued to release someone from improper imprisonment 67. Hypothecate - ANSWER to pledge property as collateral for a debt 68. Inter Alia - ANSWER among other things 69. Lex Scripta - ANSWER written law; statutory law, versus common law or ancient customs 70. Mea Culpa - ANSWER my fault; an admission of negligence 71. Mens Rea - ANSWER guilty mind; having criminal intent 72. Nunc Pro Tunc - ANSWER "now for then" used in situations in which something that occurs in the present is treated by court declaration as if it occurred then 73. Official Record - ANSWER The transcript of court proceedings, exhibits, and all physical evidence 74. Res Ipsa Loquitur - ANSWER the thing speaks for itself 75. Res Judicata - ANSWER decided thing; matter acted upon or decided finally, a conclusive decision by the court 76. Shepardizing - ANSWER legal research into the ultimate outcome of a case after appeals 77. Stare Decisis - ANSWER "let the decision stand"; the principle that prior court rulings should be followed 78. Subpoena Duces Tecum - ANSWER formal order to appear in court bring with you/ supply specific documents 79. Summary Judgement - ANSWER a procedure in civil cases where a party is entitled to prevail as a matter of law, there being no genuine issue of material fact in dispute 80. What is "confidence recording"? - ANSWER providing the reporter confidence that they are capturing a quality recording 81. It is the reporter's responsibility to monitor the audio through the use of what? - ANSWER headphones plugged into the computer's sound output 82. Digital recording software should be able to archive its content to removable media such as... - ANSWER CD's, DVD's, thumb drives, USB hard drives, or network based file storage 83. Because multi-channel recordings produces large files what needs to be done to the WAV files - ANSWER compression 84. After compression what can you do with a WAV file? - ANSWER transmit is over the internet, save it to a CD or store it on your computer 85. In large proceedings with more microphones than usual, why would you alternate channel designations? - ANSWER so that people sitting next to each other are NOT recorded on the same channel 86. What is the minimum number of channels recommended for court proceedings? - ANSWER four 87. What are the four channels in court proceedings used for? - ANSWER the judge, A-witness B-clerk, defendant's counsel and the plaintiff's counsel 88. The judge, witness, and each of the counsel tables should ALWAYS be assigned to what? - ANSWER different channels and never lumped together or combined 89. Which two channels can we NOT use to take microphones away from? - ANSWER 1 and 2 90. Which two channels can you use to take microphones away from? - ANSWER 3 and 4 91. Which channel is always available to use for jury during voir dire? - ANSWER 2 92. If your jurisdiction typically restricts jury voir dire to the judge asking questions submitted by counsel, you may also distribute the jury panel between which channels? - ANSWER 3 and 4 93. If the counsel conducts all or part of the jury voir dire, you can distribute the panel between which channels? - ANSWER 1 and 2 94. What type of microphone would you use if counsel give their opening and/or closing statements to the jury from a position directly in front of the jury box? - ANSWER floor-stand microphone 95. How should a standing microphone be placed? - ANSWER in position that the farthest person in the jury box can be recorded during voir dire 96. These two people should not be on the same channel... - ANSWER witness and interpreters 97. Who will administer an oath to the interpreter? - ANSWER court reporter, clerk or judge 98. When troubleshooting headphone issues ask... - ANSWER Are they plugged in? 99. When troubleshooting computer issues ask... - ANSWER Is the sound muted? Is the sound turned down too low? 100. When troubleshooting recording software issues ask... - ANSWER Do I see indicators of recording channel activity? 101. When troubleshooting recording channel issues ask... - ANSWER Do I see indicators of recording channel activity for all of my recording channels? 102. When should the recorder not be on? - ANSWER if the judge's presiding official's order to stop the machine can be heard on the audio 103. If someone who is not the judge says to turn off the recording what should you do? - ANSWER always confirm with the judge 104. What should be your first annotation? - ANSWER the testing of the recording equipment 105. What is a case assigned that places it on the court's calendar of scheduled matters? - ANSWER docket number 106. What is subject matter jurisdiction? - ANSWER cases or issues a court is authorized to hear 107. What is Geographic jurisdiction? - ANSWER area within which a court may exercise its authority to hear cases 108. What is limited jurisdiction? - ANSWER a court may consider only certain matters 109. What is general jurisdiction? - ANSWER a court may hear any matter constitutionally permitted 110. Cardioid - ANSWER unidirectional (or monodirectional) 111. Digital recording software must provide a method to monitor what? - ANSWER the recorded content after it has been written to the computer's hard disc 112. Use Q&A until what happens? - ANSWER a third speaker intervenes 113. When using abbreviations always be... - ANSWER consistent 114. Detailed annotations include what? - ANSWER examination. nonverbal events 115. When using codes to identify speakers you should avoid using what? - ANSWER single initials 116. Permanently reserved "J" and "X" are single initials for whom? - ANSWER the judge and clerk 117. Base your code on the speakers what? - ANSWER last name 118. If something happens that interferes with your ability to produce a verbatim transcript what should you do? - ANSWER interrupt the judge 119. When are playbacks usually requested? - ANSWER to clear up a specific point raised in an objection 120. What should you make sure you do for each objection? - ANSWER create a timestamp 121. Why is it important that you annotate key phrases in the line or inquiry? - ANSWER to help in locating specific portions of a testimony for playback 122. What does a transcriber rely on annotations for? - ANSWER speaker identification, unusual phrases or jargon, the spelling of proper nouns, and key terms 123. As it is not the transcriber's duty to look this up, it is ultimately and generically the reporter's responsibility to give them what? - ANSWER the proper spelling of all proper nouns 124. Requesting that you change or delete a portion of the transcription of audio to something that does not accurately reflect the record is an example of what? - ANSWER an unethical request 125. One hour of recording equals how many pages of text? - ANSWER 40 126. The formula in estimating how many pages the transcript of a recording will have is... - ANSWER total minutes / 60 x 40 127. Medical resources/ references - ANSWER Physician's Desk Reference and Stedman's 128. appreciation - ANSWER an increase in an items value over time 129. broker - ANSWER one acting as a middleman between buyers and sellers