API 577 – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
How many welds does API 577 require to be radiographed? - Answers - None! The
number of welds to RT is established by the Primary Code
Which welding process is most widely used? - Answers - SMAW
Describe the SMAW process. - Answers - Arc between covered electrode and weld
pool. ... the heat of arc, originating from the tip of a consumable covered electrode to
melt the base metal. Shielding is provided by the decomposition of the electrode
coating.
Know basic functions of the SMAW electrode coating. - Answers - 1. Shielding gas
2. Prevent excessive grain growth.
3. Slag blanket to protect weld
4. Sometimes provides alloy elements
Which GMAW Transfer Mode is prone to LOF? - Answers - GMAW - Short Circuit
Mode:
"Due to the fast-freezing nature of this process, there is a high potential for lack of
fusion"
Which process uses a directed stream of discrete drops? - Answers - GMAW - Spray
Transfer Mode
Disadvantages of Stud Welding? - Answers - Only for CS & a few low-alloys, and very
few applications
What are welding materials? - Answers - Base metal, filler metal, fluxes & gases
P-Numbers are assigned in ASME Sext IX. What is the purpose of P-Numbers? -
Answers - Reduce the number of welding procedure qualifications required
Open book - What alloy is P-53? - Answers - Titanium
What is the purpose of F-Numbers? - Answers - Reduce the number of welding
procedure and performance (welder) qualifications
What is the basis for F-Numbers? - Answers - Usability characteristics
What is the qualification limits for a welder who qualifies using an electrode from a
specific F-Number family? - Answers - Qualified for all electrodes that are the same F-
Number.
With carbon steel ... may also qualifies for other electrodes with lower F-Numbers
, What is the A-Number? - Answers - Analysis of chemical composition of the weld
Where are some electrodes stored? - Answers - Warm holding ovens
Which SMAW electrodes are low hydrogen? - Answers - final identification digit of 5, 6,
or 8 (e.g. E7016, E8018)
Low hydrogen electrode storage? - Answers - Separate from other electrodes
What to do with wet fluxes or electrodes? - Answers - Discard
Variables required on WPS? - Answers - Essential, non-essential and supplemental
essential when toughness testing is required
Variables required on PQR? - Answers - Essential, non-essential are optional
Per Section IX, who supervises the testing of a PQR coupon? - Answers -
Manufacturer or Contractor - the owner of the procedure
Change in WPQ essential variable requires? - Answers - Welder requalification
"Which discontinuity is at the toe of the weld?" - Answers - Overlap, Undercut would
also be a correct answer but was not one of the four choices.
ET is useful NDE method for which type of joints: - Answers - Butt welds
Drag & Drop Question: Which methods are Applicable for inspecting Lap Joints? -
Answers - PT, MT, VT, LT
"How best to find side wall lack of fusion?" - Answers - UT
What is the most extensively used NDE method for welds? - Answers - Visual
Visual exam distance: - Answers - 6-24"
Visual exam minimum angle: - Answers - 30 degrees
Needed light intensity: - Answers - 100 foot-candles
Use of Bridge Cam gauge: - Answers - Measure weld prep angle
MT - Flux direction best to see a discontinuity. - Answers - Line of flux are
perpendicular to discontinuity
MT - Yoke placement. - Answers - Two inspections are typically performed, one
parallel to the weld and one perpendicular the weld
How many welds does API 577 require to be radiographed? - Answers - None! The
number of welds to RT is established by the Primary Code
Which welding process is most widely used? - Answers - SMAW
Describe the SMAW process. - Answers - Arc between covered electrode and weld
pool. ... the heat of arc, originating from the tip of a consumable covered electrode to
melt the base metal. Shielding is provided by the decomposition of the electrode
coating.
Know basic functions of the SMAW electrode coating. - Answers - 1. Shielding gas
2. Prevent excessive grain growth.
3. Slag blanket to protect weld
4. Sometimes provides alloy elements
Which GMAW Transfer Mode is prone to LOF? - Answers - GMAW - Short Circuit
Mode:
"Due to the fast-freezing nature of this process, there is a high potential for lack of
fusion"
Which process uses a directed stream of discrete drops? - Answers - GMAW - Spray
Transfer Mode
Disadvantages of Stud Welding? - Answers - Only for CS & a few low-alloys, and very
few applications
What are welding materials? - Answers - Base metal, filler metal, fluxes & gases
P-Numbers are assigned in ASME Sext IX. What is the purpose of P-Numbers? -
Answers - Reduce the number of welding procedure qualifications required
Open book - What alloy is P-53? - Answers - Titanium
What is the purpose of F-Numbers? - Answers - Reduce the number of welding
procedure and performance (welder) qualifications
What is the basis for F-Numbers? - Answers - Usability characteristics
What is the qualification limits for a welder who qualifies using an electrode from a
specific F-Number family? - Answers - Qualified for all electrodes that are the same F-
Number.
With carbon steel ... may also qualifies for other electrodes with lower F-Numbers
, What is the A-Number? - Answers - Analysis of chemical composition of the weld
Where are some electrodes stored? - Answers - Warm holding ovens
Which SMAW electrodes are low hydrogen? - Answers - final identification digit of 5, 6,
or 8 (e.g. E7016, E8018)
Low hydrogen electrode storage? - Answers - Separate from other electrodes
What to do with wet fluxes or electrodes? - Answers - Discard
Variables required on WPS? - Answers - Essential, non-essential and supplemental
essential when toughness testing is required
Variables required on PQR? - Answers - Essential, non-essential are optional
Per Section IX, who supervises the testing of a PQR coupon? - Answers -
Manufacturer or Contractor - the owner of the procedure
Change in WPQ essential variable requires? - Answers - Welder requalification
"Which discontinuity is at the toe of the weld?" - Answers - Overlap, Undercut would
also be a correct answer but was not one of the four choices.
ET is useful NDE method for which type of joints: - Answers - Butt welds
Drag & Drop Question: Which methods are Applicable for inspecting Lap Joints? -
Answers - PT, MT, VT, LT
"How best to find side wall lack of fusion?" - Answers - UT
What is the most extensively used NDE method for welds? - Answers - Visual
Visual exam distance: - Answers - 6-24"
Visual exam minimum angle: - Answers - 30 degrees
Needed light intensity: - Answers - 100 foot-candles
Use of Bridge Cam gauge: - Answers - Measure weld prep angle
MT - Flux direction best to see a discontinuity. - Answers - Line of flux are
perpendicular to discontinuity
MT - Yoke placement. - Answers - Two inspections are typically performed, one
parallel to the weld and one perpendicular the weld
