Examl 4:l BIOl 322/l BIO322l (NEWl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Appliedl Pathophysiologyl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
QUESTION
Cholangitisl definition
Answer:
bacteriall infectionl ofl wholel biliaryl treel duel tol choledocholithiasis
QUESTION
Cholangitisl S/S
Answer:
Charcot'sl triad,l N/V,l clayl coloredl stool
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel Charcot'sl triadl andl whatl isl itl associatedl with?
Answer:
RUQl pain,l fever,l jaundice,l Cholangitis
QUESTION
Cholangitisl Tests
Answer:
highl AST,l ALTl (liverl damage),l lowl vit,l Kl (highl PT),l highl totall bilirubinl (jaundice),l
CBDl (leukocytosis)
,QUESTION
Pancreatitisl Definition
Answer:
Acute/chronicl inflammationl ofl pancreas
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl causes
Answer:
choledocholithiasisl (blockagel ofl paancriaticl duct/ampullal ofl vater),l celll injuryl froml
drugs/alcohol/virtall infections,l trauma,l cystl fibrosis
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl S/S
Answer:
Epigastricl pain,l radiatedl tol back,l fever,l N/V,l possiblel jaundice,l tachycardia/hypotension
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl testing
Answer:
CBD-l highl WBCs,l hyperglycemia,l enzymes,l highl lipase/amylase
QUESTION
NASHl definition
Answer:
fatl depositionl inl thel liverl thatl causesl inflammation/fibrosisl (scarl tissue)
QUESTION
,NASHl cause
Answer:
highl cholesterol,l highl TG's,l typel 2l DM
QUESTION
NASHl S/S
Answer:
dulll abdominall pain,l jaundice,l fatigue,l canl bel asymptomaticl (silentl liverl disease)
QUESTION
NASHl testing
Answer:
highl ALT,l AST,l bilirubin,l fattyl liverl
(ultrasound),l cirrhosisl (biopsy)
QUESTION
Wilson'sl Diseasel definition
Answer:
hepatolenticularl degeneration
QUESTION
whatl isl defectivel inl Wilson'sl Disease
Answer:
copperl metabolism,l toxicl levelsl ofl copperl accumulatel inl liver,l brain,l kidney,l andl corneas
QUESTION
Wilson'sl Diseasel S/S
, Answer:
Kaiser-Fleischerl rings,l highl seruml copper,l lowl ceruloplasminl levelsl (copperl transportingl
plasmal protein)
QUESTION
Interstitiall Cystitisl definition
Answer:
chronicl inflammationl ofl urinary
QUESTION
whol isl mostl effectedl byl Interstitiall Cystitis
Answer:
womenl agesl 20-30
QUESTION
Interstitiall Cystitisl S/S
Answer:
peel upl tol 60xl al day,l damagedl bladderl tissuel (fibrosis),l bleedingl (hematuria)l andl painl
(dysuria)l whilel peeing),l urgency,l frequency,l dysurial (whilel peeing)
QUESTION
UTIl MCC
Answer:
nosocomial
QUESTION
UTIl causes
Answer:
2026l Update)l Appliedl Pathophysiologyl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
QUESTION
Cholangitisl definition
Answer:
bacteriall infectionl ofl wholel biliaryl treel duel tol choledocholithiasis
QUESTION
Cholangitisl S/S
Answer:
Charcot'sl triad,l N/V,l clayl coloredl stool
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel Charcot'sl triadl andl whatl isl itl associatedl with?
Answer:
RUQl pain,l fever,l jaundice,l Cholangitis
QUESTION
Cholangitisl Tests
Answer:
highl AST,l ALTl (liverl damage),l lowl vit,l Kl (highl PT),l highl totall bilirubinl (jaundice),l
CBDl (leukocytosis)
,QUESTION
Pancreatitisl Definition
Answer:
Acute/chronicl inflammationl ofl pancreas
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl causes
Answer:
choledocholithiasisl (blockagel ofl paancriaticl duct/ampullal ofl vater),l celll injuryl froml
drugs/alcohol/virtall infections,l trauma,l cystl fibrosis
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl S/S
Answer:
Epigastricl pain,l radiatedl tol back,l fever,l N/V,l possiblel jaundice,l tachycardia/hypotension
QUESTION
Pancreatitisl testing
Answer:
CBD-l highl WBCs,l hyperglycemia,l enzymes,l highl lipase/amylase
QUESTION
NASHl definition
Answer:
fatl depositionl inl thel liverl thatl causesl inflammation/fibrosisl (scarl tissue)
QUESTION
,NASHl cause
Answer:
highl cholesterol,l highl TG's,l typel 2l DM
QUESTION
NASHl S/S
Answer:
dulll abdominall pain,l jaundice,l fatigue,l canl bel asymptomaticl (silentl liverl disease)
QUESTION
NASHl testing
Answer:
highl ALT,l AST,l bilirubin,l fattyl liverl
(ultrasound),l cirrhosisl (biopsy)
QUESTION
Wilson'sl Diseasel definition
Answer:
hepatolenticularl degeneration
QUESTION
whatl isl defectivel inl Wilson'sl Disease
Answer:
copperl metabolism,l toxicl levelsl ofl copperl accumulatel inl liver,l brain,l kidney,l andl corneas
QUESTION
Wilson'sl Diseasel S/S
, Answer:
Kaiser-Fleischerl rings,l highl seruml copper,l lowl ceruloplasminl levelsl (copperl transportingl
plasmal protein)
QUESTION
Interstitiall Cystitisl definition
Answer:
chronicl inflammationl ofl urinary
QUESTION
whol isl mostl effectedl byl Interstitiall Cystitis
Answer:
womenl agesl 20-30
QUESTION
Interstitiall Cystitisl S/S
Answer:
peel upl tol 60xl al day,l damagedl bladderl tissuel (fibrosis),l bleedingl (hematuria)l andl painl
(dysuria)l whilel peeing),l urgency,l frequency,l dysurial (whilel peeing)
QUESTION
UTIl MCC
Answer:
nosocomial
QUESTION
UTIl causes
Answer:
