ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – HUB1019F
Anatomical foundations
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Composed of:
- Upper limb – shoulder girdle, arm & hand
- Lower limbs – pelvic girdle, leg & foot
Upper limb:
- Function: to grasp and manipulate objects
- Connected to axial skeleton by the pectoral girdle
Scapula:
▪ Lies on posterolateral
aspect of the chest wall
▪ Costal & dorsal surfaces
▪ Shoulder muscles attach
to the scapula and allow
for movement
▪ Fossa in shoulder is
shallower compared to
one in pelvis therefore
higher risk for shoulder
to dislocate
, Clavicle:
▪ Curved long bone
▪ Articulates medially & laterally
▪ Transmits the weight of the upper limb to the trunk
▪ Provides attachment for muscles
▪ Lateral end – flattened
▪ Meidal end – rounded
▪ Upper surface of lateral end – smoother than lower surface [useful for
orientation]
o Lateral end of inferior surface – look for roughening
Anatomical foundations
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Composed of:
- Upper limb – shoulder girdle, arm & hand
- Lower limbs – pelvic girdle, leg & foot
Upper limb:
- Function: to grasp and manipulate objects
- Connected to axial skeleton by the pectoral girdle
Scapula:
▪ Lies on posterolateral
aspect of the chest wall
▪ Costal & dorsal surfaces
▪ Shoulder muscles attach
to the scapula and allow
for movement
▪ Fossa in shoulder is
shallower compared to
one in pelvis therefore
higher risk for shoulder
to dislocate
, Clavicle:
▪ Curved long bone
▪ Articulates medially & laterally
▪ Transmits the weight of the upper limb to the trunk
▪ Provides attachment for muscles
▪ Lateral end – flattened
▪ Meidal end – rounded
▪ Upper surface of lateral end – smoother than lower surface [useful for
orientation]
o Lateral end of inferior surface – look for roughening
