BIO 340: Genetics Exam III (Mangone) || with Error-free Answers.
What is a gene? correct answers Fundamental unit of inheritance
Origin of the word "gene" correct answers greek: genos (origin), and genesis (birth)
Gregor Mendel Experiment correct answers -pea plants
-traits do not blend in offspring
-traits are discreet, distinct entities
Thomas Hunt Morgan Experiment correct answers -genes are arranged linearly
-crossing over is proportional to gene distance
Frederick Griffith's Transformation Experiment correct answers -heat-killed virulent strain
transformed avirulent strain into virulent
-supported bacterial transformation of form and function
-coined phenomenon "transformation"
-*a chemical component of cells could introduce new, heritable trait to cell*
Beadle & Tatum correct answers -mutations = defects
-1 gene = 1 enzyme (polypeptide)
Aver, McLeod, & McCarty correct answers -*DNA is transforming factor*
-used test tubes to rule out other factors (protein, etc)
-taking out DNA did not change new cells, so DNA was the transferring factor
Hershey-Chase Experiment correct answers -bacteriophages transform cells by inserting DNA
, -signaled DNA with radioactive phosphorus in one test and proteins (sulfur) in another, the cells
with radioactive properties would reveal the transferring mechanism
-*DNA is genetic material*
Erwin Chargaff correct answers -A is proportional to T
-C is proportional to G
-A+T does not equal G+C
What are nucleotides and what are they made of? correct answers -building blocks of DNA
-made of 1 pentose sugar, 1 nitrogenous base, 1 phosphate group
-phosphodisyer bond
Purines correct answers -Adenine and Guanine
-form 2 hydrogen bonds
Pyrimidines correct answers -Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil (RNA)
-form 3 hydrogen bonds
Watson & Crick correct answers -*DNA is right-handed double helix with antiparallel strands*
-composed of 10 stacked bases per turn
-minor groove is 12 Å (1.2 nm)
-major groove is 22 Å (2.2 nm)
-complete turn is 34 Å (3.4 nm)
Fiers (1971) correct answers first gene and sequence cloned
Overview of Protein Formation correct answers DNA -> Transcription -> Splice out Introns ->
Translation -> Amino Acid Chain -> Polypeptide -> Protein
What is a gene? correct answers Fundamental unit of inheritance
Origin of the word "gene" correct answers greek: genos (origin), and genesis (birth)
Gregor Mendel Experiment correct answers -pea plants
-traits do not blend in offspring
-traits are discreet, distinct entities
Thomas Hunt Morgan Experiment correct answers -genes are arranged linearly
-crossing over is proportional to gene distance
Frederick Griffith's Transformation Experiment correct answers -heat-killed virulent strain
transformed avirulent strain into virulent
-supported bacterial transformation of form and function
-coined phenomenon "transformation"
-*a chemical component of cells could introduce new, heritable trait to cell*
Beadle & Tatum correct answers -mutations = defects
-1 gene = 1 enzyme (polypeptide)
Aver, McLeod, & McCarty correct answers -*DNA is transforming factor*
-used test tubes to rule out other factors (protein, etc)
-taking out DNA did not change new cells, so DNA was the transferring factor
Hershey-Chase Experiment correct answers -bacteriophages transform cells by inserting DNA
, -signaled DNA with radioactive phosphorus in one test and proteins (sulfur) in another, the cells
with radioactive properties would reveal the transferring mechanism
-*DNA is genetic material*
Erwin Chargaff correct answers -A is proportional to T
-C is proportional to G
-A+T does not equal G+C
What are nucleotides and what are they made of? correct answers -building blocks of DNA
-made of 1 pentose sugar, 1 nitrogenous base, 1 phosphate group
-phosphodisyer bond
Purines correct answers -Adenine and Guanine
-form 2 hydrogen bonds
Pyrimidines correct answers -Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil (RNA)
-form 3 hydrogen bonds
Watson & Crick correct answers -*DNA is right-handed double helix with antiparallel strands*
-composed of 10 stacked bases per turn
-minor groove is 12 Å (1.2 nm)
-major groove is 22 Å (2.2 nm)
-complete turn is 34 Å (3.4 nm)
Fiers (1971) correct answers first gene and sequence cloned
Overview of Protein Formation correct answers DNA -> Transcription -> Splice out Introns ->
Translation -> Amino Acid Chain -> Polypeptide -> Protein
