Bio 201 Human Anatomy and
Physiology Chapter 1
Anatomy - answer The science of body structures and relationships
( to cut up)
Physiology - answer The science of body functions (how the body works)
The 6 levels of organization - answer Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system,
organismal
Atoms - answer the smallest unit of matter
Cells - answer smallest unit of life
Molecules - answer two or more atoms joined together
Chemical level - answerThe most basic level of organization where atoms and
molecules are found
Cellular level - answerthe level of organization where molecules combine to form cells
Tissue level - answerThe level of organization where cells and surrounding materials
form tissues
Tissues - answerGroups of cells and materials surrounding them; gather to form tissues
Organ level - answerThe level of organization where tissues are joined together to form
organs
Organs - answerstructures that are composed of two or more different types of tissue
System level - answerthe level of organization where related organs work together to
achieve a common function
System - answerrelated organs with common function
Organismal level - answerall parts of the body functioning together, any living individual
6 characteristics of living organism(human) - answermetabolism,responsiveness,
movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
, Metabolism - answersum of all the chemical process that occur in the body
Catabolism - answerthe breakdown of complex chemical substances into simple
components
Anabolism - answerthe building up of complex chemical substances from smaller,
simpler components
Responsiveness - answerbody's ability to detect and respond to changes
Movement - answermotion of the whole body (in & out)
Growth - answerIncrease in body size
hypertrophy - answerincrease in size of the cells
hyperplasia - answerincrease in # of cells
Differentiation - answerDevelopment of a cell from an specialized state to a specialized
state Ex. stem cells
Reproduction - answerformation of new cells in the production of a new individual
Autopsy - answera postmortem examination of the body and internal organs to
determine cause of death
Homeostasis - answera condition of balance in the body's internal environment
Intracellular fluid ( ICF) - answerfluid within the cells
Extracellular fluid (EFC) - answerfluid outside the cells
Interstitial fluid - answerextracellular fluid between the cells and tissues
What maintains homeostasis? - answerMainly by the nervous sytem via nerve impluses
and endoctorine system throough via hormones
Components of a feedback system - answerreceptor, control center, effector
Receptor - answera body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition.
sends information to the control center
Control Center - answeralso known as the brain, evaluates input received from
receptors and generates output command
Physiology Chapter 1
Anatomy - answer The science of body structures and relationships
( to cut up)
Physiology - answer The science of body functions (how the body works)
The 6 levels of organization - answer Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system,
organismal
Atoms - answer the smallest unit of matter
Cells - answer smallest unit of life
Molecules - answer two or more atoms joined together
Chemical level - answerThe most basic level of organization where atoms and
molecules are found
Cellular level - answerthe level of organization where molecules combine to form cells
Tissue level - answerThe level of organization where cells and surrounding materials
form tissues
Tissues - answerGroups of cells and materials surrounding them; gather to form tissues
Organ level - answerThe level of organization where tissues are joined together to form
organs
Organs - answerstructures that are composed of two or more different types of tissue
System level - answerthe level of organization where related organs work together to
achieve a common function
System - answerrelated organs with common function
Organismal level - answerall parts of the body functioning together, any living individual
6 characteristics of living organism(human) - answermetabolism,responsiveness,
movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
, Metabolism - answersum of all the chemical process that occur in the body
Catabolism - answerthe breakdown of complex chemical substances into simple
components
Anabolism - answerthe building up of complex chemical substances from smaller,
simpler components
Responsiveness - answerbody's ability to detect and respond to changes
Movement - answermotion of the whole body (in & out)
Growth - answerIncrease in body size
hypertrophy - answerincrease in size of the cells
hyperplasia - answerincrease in # of cells
Differentiation - answerDevelopment of a cell from an specialized state to a specialized
state Ex. stem cells
Reproduction - answerformation of new cells in the production of a new individual
Autopsy - answera postmortem examination of the body and internal organs to
determine cause of death
Homeostasis - answera condition of balance in the body's internal environment
Intracellular fluid ( ICF) - answerfluid within the cells
Extracellular fluid (EFC) - answerfluid outside the cells
Interstitial fluid - answerextracellular fluid between the cells and tissues
What maintains homeostasis? - answerMainly by the nervous sytem via nerve impluses
and endoctorine system throough via hormones
Components of a feedback system - answerreceptor, control center, effector
Receptor - answera body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition.
sends information to the control center
Control Center - answeralso known as the brain, evaluates input received from
receptors and generates output command
