NURS 208 FINAL EXAM 2025 UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRARED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
The nurse teaches a patient to create and focus on a mental image during the procedure in
order to be less responsive to the pain. - answersc. Anticipatory guidance focuses on
psychologically preparing a person for an unfamiliar or painful event. When the patient know
what to expect—for example, when the nurse tells the patient about the pain he or she
should expect to experience during a procedure, and describes related pain relief measures—
the patient's anxiety is reduced. Rhythmic breathing is a relaxation technique, focusing on a
pleasant place and breathing slowly in and out is a meditation technique, and focusing on a
mental image to reduce responses to stimuli is a guided imagery technique.
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a patient who is the victim. The patient has
minor scrapes and bruises, and tells the nurse, "I've never been so scared in my life!" What
other symptoms would the nurse expect to find related to the fight-or-flight response to stress?
Select all that apply.
Increased heart rate
Decreased muscle strength
Increased mental alertness
Increased blood glucose levels
Decreased cardiac output
Decreased peristalsis - answersa, c, d. The sympathetic nervous system functions under stress
to bring about the fight-or-flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle
strength, increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose levels, and increasing mental
alertness. Increased peristalsis is brought on by the parasympathetic nervous system under
normal conditions and at rest.
A nurse is assessing the developmental levels of patients in a pediatric office. Which person
would a nurse document as experiencing developmental stress?
An infant who learns to turn over
A school-aged child who learns how to add and subtract
,An adolescent who is a "loner"
A young adult who has a variety of friends - answersc. The adolescent who is a loner is not
meeting a major task (being a part of a peer group) for that level of growth and development.
A nurse is caring for an older adult in a long-term care facility who has a spinal cord injury
affecting his neurologic reflex arc. Based on the patient's condition, what would be a priority
intervention for this patient?
Monitoring food and drink temperatures to prevent burns
Providing adequate pain relief measures to reduce stress
Monitoring for depression related to social isolation
Providing meals high in carbohydrates to promote healing - answersa. A patient with a
damaged neurologic reflex arc would have a diminished pain reflex response, which would
put the patient at risk for burns as the sensors in the skin would not detect the heat of the
food or liquids. All patients should be provided adequate pain relief, but this is not the
priority intervention in this patient. Monitoring for depression would be an intervention for
this patient but is not related to the damaged neurologic reflex arc. A patient who is immobile
should eat a balanced diet based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans from the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the shock or alarm reaction phase of the GAS. Which response
by the patient would be expected?
Decreasing pulse
Increasing sleepiness
Increasing energy levels
Decreasing respirations - answersc. The body perceives a threat and prepares to respond by
increasing the activity of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. The initial or shock
phase is characterized by increased energy levels, oxygen intake, cardiac output, blood
pressure, and mental alertness.
,A nurse interviews a patient who was abused by her partner and is staying at a shelter with her
three children. She tells the nurse, "I'm so worried that my husband will find me and try to
make me go back home." Which data would the nurse most appropriately document?
"Patient displays moderate anxiety related to her situation."
"Patient manifests panic related to feelings of impending doom."
"Patient describes severe anxiety related to her situation."
"Patient expresses fear of her husband." - answersd. Fear is a feeling of dread in response to a
known threat. Anxiety, on the other hand, is a vague, uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread
from an often unknown source. Panic causes a person to lose control and experience dread
and terror, which can lead to exhaustion and death; that is not the case in this situation.
A college student visits the school's health center with vague complaints of anxiety and fatigue.
The student tells the nurse, "Exams are right around the corner and all I feel like doing is
sleeping." The student's vital signs are within normal parameters. What would be an
appropriate question to ask in response to the student's verbalizations?
"Are you worried about failing your exams?"
"Have you been staying up late studying?"
"Are you using any recreational drugs?"
"Do you have trouble managing your time?" - answersa. Mild anxiety is often handled without
conscious thought through the use of coping mechanisms, such as sleeping, which are
behaviors used to decrease stress and anxiety. Based on the complaints and normal vital
signs, it would be best to explore the patient's level of stress and physiologic response to this
stress.
A nurse is interviewing a patient who just received a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The patient
tells the nurse "I would never be the type to get cancer; this must be a mistake." Which defense
mechanism is this patient demonstrating?
Projection
Denial
Displacement
, Repression - answersb. Denial occurs when a person refuses to acknowledge the presence of a
condition that is disturbing, in this case receiving a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Projection
involves attributing thoughts or impulses to someone else. Displacement occurs when a
person transfers an emotional reaction from one object or person to another object or
person. Repression is used by a person to voluntarily exclude an anxiety-producing event from
conscious awareness. In the case described in question 9, the patient is not blocking out the
fact that the diagnosis was made, the patient is refusing to believe it.
A visiting nurse is performing a family assessment of a young couple caring for their newborn
who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The nurse notes that the mother's hair and clothing are
unkempt and the house is untidy, and the mother states that she is "so busy with the baby that I
don't have time to do anything else." What would be the priority intervention for this family?
Arrange to have the infant removed from the home.
Inform other members of the family of the situation.
Increase the number of visits by the visiting nurse.
Notify the care provider and recommend respite care for the mother. - answersd. A person
providing care at home for a family member for long periods of time often experiences
caregiver burden, which may be manifested by chronic fatigue, sleep disorders, and an
increased incidence of stress-related illnesses, such as hypertension and heart disease. The
nurse should address the issue with the primary care provider and recommend a visit from a
social worker or arrange for respite care for the family.
A nurse is teaching a patient a relaxation technique. Which statement demonstrates the need
for additional teaching?
"I must breathe in and out in rhythm."
"I should take my pulse and expect it to be faster."
"I can expect my muscles to feel less tense."
"I will be more relaxed and less aware." - answersb. No matter what the technique, relaxation
involves rhythmic breathing, a slower (not a faster) pulse, reduced muscle tension, and an
altered state of consciousness.
VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRARED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
The nurse teaches a patient to create and focus on a mental image during the procedure in
order to be less responsive to the pain. - answersc. Anticipatory guidance focuses on
psychologically preparing a person for an unfamiliar or painful event. When the patient know
what to expect—for example, when the nurse tells the patient about the pain he or she
should expect to experience during a procedure, and describes related pain relief measures—
the patient's anxiety is reduced. Rhythmic breathing is a relaxation technique, focusing on a
pleasant place and breathing slowly in and out is a meditation technique, and focusing on a
mental image to reduce responses to stimuli is a guided imagery technique.
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a patient who is the victim. The patient has
minor scrapes and bruises, and tells the nurse, "I've never been so scared in my life!" What
other symptoms would the nurse expect to find related to the fight-or-flight response to stress?
Select all that apply.
Increased heart rate
Decreased muscle strength
Increased mental alertness
Increased blood glucose levels
Decreased cardiac output
Decreased peristalsis - answersa, c, d. The sympathetic nervous system functions under stress
to bring about the fight-or-flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle
strength, increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose levels, and increasing mental
alertness. Increased peristalsis is brought on by the parasympathetic nervous system under
normal conditions and at rest.
A nurse is assessing the developmental levels of patients in a pediatric office. Which person
would a nurse document as experiencing developmental stress?
An infant who learns to turn over
A school-aged child who learns how to add and subtract
,An adolescent who is a "loner"
A young adult who has a variety of friends - answersc. The adolescent who is a loner is not
meeting a major task (being a part of a peer group) for that level of growth and development.
A nurse is caring for an older adult in a long-term care facility who has a spinal cord injury
affecting his neurologic reflex arc. Based on the patient's condition, what would be a priority
intervention for this patient?
Monitoring food and drink temperatures to prevent burns
Providing adequate pain relief measures to reduce stress
Monitoring for depression related to social isolation
Providing meals high in carbohydrates to promote healing - answersa. A patient with a
damaged neurologic reflex arc would have a diminished pain reflex response, which would
put the patient at risk for burns as the sensors in the skin would not detect the heat of the
food or liquids. All patients should be provided adequate pain relief, but this is not the
priority intervention in this patient. Monitoring for depression would be an intervention for
this patient but is not related to the damaged neurologic reflex arc. A patient who is immobile
should eat a balanced diet based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans from the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the shock or alarm reaction phase of the GAS. Which response
by the patient would be expected?
Decreasing pulse
Increasing sleepiness
Increasing energy levels
Decreasing respirations - answersc. The body perceives a threat and prepares to respond by
increasing the activity of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. The initial or shock
phase is characterized by increased energy levels, oxygen intake, cardiac output, blood
pressure, and mental alertness.
,A nurse interviews a patient who was abused by her partner and is staying at a shelter with her
three children. She tells the nurse, "I'm so worried that my husband will find me and try to
make me go back home." Which data would the nurse most appropriately document?
"Patient displays moderate anxiety related to her situation."
"Patient manifests panic related to feelings of impending doom."
"Patient describes severe anxiety related to her situation."
"Patient expresses fear of her husband." - answersd. Fear is a feeling of dread in response to a
known threat. Anxiety, on the other hand, is a vague, uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread
from an often unknown source. Panic causes a person to lose control and experience dread
and terror, which can lead to exhaustion and death; that is not the case in this situation.
A college student visits the school's health center with vague complaints of anxiety and fatigue.
The student tells the nurse, "Exams are right around the corner and all I feel like doing is
sleeping." The student's vital signs are within normal parameters. What would be an
appropriate question to ask in response to the student's verbalizations?
"Are you worried about failing your exams?"
"Have you been staying up late studying?"
"Are you using any recreational drugs?"
"Do you have trouble managing your time?" - answersa. Mild anxiety is often handled without
conscious thought through the use of coping mechanisms, such as sleeping, which are
behaviors used to decrease stress and anxiety. Based on the complaints and normal vital
signs, it would be best to explore the patient's level of stress and physiologic response to this
stress.
A nurse is interviewing a patient who just received a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The patient
tells the nurse "I would never be the type to get cancer; this must be a mistake." Which defense
mechanism is this patient demonstrating?
Projection
Denial
Displacement
, Repression - answersb. Denial occurs when a person refuses to acknowledge the presence of a
condition that is disturbing, in this case receiving a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Projection
involves attributing thoughts or impulses to someone else. Displacement occurs when a
person transfers an emotional reaction from one object or person to another object or
person. Repression is used by a person to voluntarily exclude an anxiety-producing event from
conscious awareness. In the case described in question 9, the patient is not blocking out the
fact that the diagnosis was made, the patient is refusing to believe it.
A visiting nurse is performing a family assessment of a young couple caring for their newborn
who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The nurse notes that the mother's hair and clothing are
unkempt and the house is untidy, and the mother states that she is "so busy with the baby that I
don't have time to do anything else." What would be the priority intervention for this family?
Arrange to have the infant removed from the home.
Inform other members of the family of the situation.
Increase the number of visits by the visiting nurse.
Notify the care provider and recommend respite care for the mother. - answersd. A person
providing care at home for a family member for long periods of time often experiences
caregiver burden, which may be manifested by chronic fatigue, sleep disorders, and an
increased incidence of stress-related illnesses, such as hypertension and heart disease. The
nurse should address the issue with the primary care provider and recommend a visit from a
social worker or arrange for respite care for the family.
A nurse is teaching a patient a relaxation technique. Which statement demonstrates the need
for additional teaching?
"I must breathe in and out in rhythm."
"I should take my pulse and expect it to be faster."
"I can expect my muscles to feel less tense."
"I will be more relaxed and less aware." - answersb. No matter what the technique, relaxation
involves rhythmic breathing, a slower (not a faster) pulse, reduced muscle tension, and an
altered state of consciousness.
