LING 1010 Uconn exam 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed
follows with Plato's belief that humans have innate knowledge at birth and gain further knowledge not
from environment, but from awakened intuition - Answers Innateness Hypothesis for language
"How do people come to know so much on the basis of so little experience"
• All ideas are 'innate' (they come from our nature) - Answers Plato's Problem
• Claimed that there is a considerable innate aspect to our linguistic knowledge
• Children are born with a 'workbook' with sections that spell out what occurs in all languages and
sections where the text specifies possibilities
• Theory of Universal Grammar
oChildren instinctively know how to combine a noun (e.g. a boy) and a verb (to eat) into a meaningful,
correct phrase (A boy eats).
• Language Acquisition Device is the innate biological ability of humans to acquire and develop language
- Answers Chomsky's idea about how children acquire language
• The idea that humans are born with 'instincts'
• Clashes with the idea that the human mind is fundamentally different from the minds of other animals
• Clashes with the notion of 'free will'
• Clashes with the idea of the 'American Dream'
• Can potential lead to idea that people are not all equal, which can lead to discrimination and racism -
Answers Why Chomsky's Innateness Hypothesis is controversial
the mind at birth does not come with pre-wired knowledge and is thus a 'blank slate' (tabula rasa), on
which experience will 'write' learned knowledge - Answers Empiricism
Aristotle, Hume, Locke, Berkeley, Sampson - Answers Famous Empiricists
All Homies Love Big Swizzle - Answers AHLBS (Way to remember Empiricsits)
Aristotle Hume Locke Berkley Sampson
theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than on religious
belief or emotional response, idea that major aspects of our knowledge system are present without the
need for sensory input from the (prenatal and postnatal) environment.
• Agree on the fact that the experiences that people have after their birth (or even after conception) are
not rich enough to explain that people come to know so many things - Answers Rationalism
, Plato, Descartes, Leibniz, Spinoza, Kant, James, Chomsky, Pinker - Answers Famous Rationalists
• View point that knowledge derives from the senses
• 'Real science' should be based on observable data
• Scientific method must be used - Answers Empirical Science
o World contains two essentially different kinds of 'substances': the material world (matter, stuff that we
can touch, measure, and weigh) and conscious experience (the mind, which we cannot access with our
sensory organs).
• Body and mind are two different things - Answers Mind-Body Dualism
res extensa - Answers Body
res cogitans - Answers Mind
• the belief that there is only one type of substance, with properties of only one type - Answers Monism
Two Possibilities regarding monism - Answers Idealism
Materialism
Reducing everything to mental things, there is only mind - Answers Idealism (Berkley)
Reducing everything to material things, there is only matter - Answers Materialism
the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to
thoughts or feelings, study perceptible behavior in the material world as a substitute for studying the
mind that causes that behavior - Answers Behaviorism
Famous Behaviorists? - Answers Watson and Skinner
the study of physical brain processes that can be measured while behavior happens or even while there
is no visible behavior and just measurable brain activity - Answers Physicalism
which says, to put it bluntly, 'mind = brain' (i.e., the mind is identical to brain [processes]; 'the mind is
what the brain does' - Answers Identity Theory
the study of (mental) processes underlying intelligent behavior (of humans, animals, and even
machines).
Focused on intelligent behavior of biological entities (both humans and animals), with a special
emphasis on humans - Answers Cognitive Science
Three components of Tri-level hypothesis - Answers Functional Level, Implementation level, Algorithmic
level
follows with Plato's belief that humans have innate knowledge at birth and gain further knowledge not
from environment, but from awakened intuition - Answers Innateness Hypothesis for language
"How do people come to know so much on the basis of so little experience"
• All ideas are 'innate' (they come from our nature) - Answers Plato's Problem
• Claimed that there is a considerable innate aspect to our linguistic knowledge
• Children are born with a 'workbook' with sections that spell out what occurs in all languages and
sections where the text specifies possibilities
• Theory of Universal Grammar
oChildren instinctively know how to combine a noun (e.g. a boy) and a verb (to eat) into a meaningful,
correct phrase (A boy eats).
• Language Acquisition Device is the innate biological ability of humans to acquire and develop language
- Answers Chomsky's idea about how children acquire language
• The idea that humans are born with 'instincts'
• Clashes with the idea that the human mind is fundamentally different from the minds of other animals
• Clashes with the notion of 'free will'
• Clashes with the idea of the 'American Dream'
• Can potential lead to idea that people are not all equal, which can lead to discrimination and racism -
Answers Why Chomsky's Innateness Hypothesis is controversial
the mind at birth does not come with pre-wired knowledge and is thus a 'blank slate' (tabula rasa), on
which experience will 'write' learned knowledge - Answers Empiricism
Aristotle, Hume, Locke, Berkeley, Sampson - Answers Famous Empiricists
All Homies Love Big Swizzle - Answers AHLBS (Way to remember Empiricsits)
Aristotle Hume Locke Berkley Sampson
theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than on religious
belief or emotional response, idea that major aspects of our knowledge system are present without the
need for sensory input from the (prenatal and postnatal) environment.
• Agree on the fact that the experiences that people have after their birth (or even after conception) are
not rich enough to explain that people come to know so many things - Answers Rationalism
, Plato, Descartes, Leibniz, Spinoza, Kant, James, Chomsky, Pinker - Answers Famous Rationalists
• View point that knowledge derives from the senses
• 'Real science' should be based on observable data
• Scientific method must be used - Answers Empirical Science
o World contains two essentially different kinds of 'substances': the material world (matter, stuff that we
can touch, measure, and weigh) and conscious experience (the mind, which we cannot access with our
sensory organs).
• Body and mind are two different things - Answers Mind-Body Dualism
res extensa - Answers Body
res cogitans - Answers Mind
• the belief that there is only one type of substance, with properties of only one type - Answers Monism
Two Possibilities regarding monism - Answers Idealism
Materialism
Reducing everything to mental things, there is only mind - Answers Idealism (Berkley)
Reducing everything to material things, there is only matter - Answers Materialism
the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to
thoughts or feelings, study perceptible behavior in the material world as a substitute for studying the
mind that causes that behavior - Answers Behaviorism
Famous Behaviorists? - Answers Watson and Skinner
the study of physical brain processes that can be measured while behavior happens or even while there
is no visible behavior and just measurable brain activity - Answers Physicalism
which says, to put it bluntly, 'mind = brain' (i.e., the mind is identical to brain [processes]; 'the mind is
what the brain does' - Answers Identity Theory
the study of (mental) processes underlying intelligent behavior (of humans, animals, and even
machines).
Focused on intelligent behavior of biological entities (both humans and animals), with a special
emphasis on humans - Answers Cognitive Science
Three components of Tri-level hypothesis - Answers Functional Level, Implementation level, Algorithmic
level
