PBSI 333 - EXAM #1 questions well
answered already passed
Unipolar or pseudo unipolar neuron
- have a single process that emanates from the cell body
- The single process has dendrites on one end and the rest of the process is an axon, describes
most sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system
Bipolar neuron
a neuron with one axon and one dendrite attached to opposite sides of its soma
Multipolar neuron
A neuron with a single axon and multiple dendrites; the most common type of neuron in the
nervous system
Excitatory neurons
- cause other neurons to fire
- glutamatergic and acetylcholine
Inhibitory neurons
- decreases the likelihood that the next neuron will send an impulse
,- GABA or glycine
Modulatory neurons
- evoke more complex effects on their target neurons
- dopamine and serotonin
Afferent neurons
- Convey information from tissues and organs into the central nervous system
- Convey information from one region of the brain to another
Efferent neurons
- Transmit signals from the central nervous system to the effector organs and cells and are
sometimes called motor neurons
- Transmit signals from one region of the brain to another
Interneurons
- Central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the
sensory inputs and motor outputs
- Connect neurons within specific regions of the central nervous system
Anterograde axonal transport
- Movement of nutrients in a neuron away from the cell body distally to axon termination
, - Slow and fast transport of cytoplasmic proteins
Slow is very important for maintaining the structural integrity of the neuron
- Fast transport carried by vesicles and motor proteins (some inside and some on membrane) →
carries many things that we need, active molecules
- Neuropeptides are transported here
Retrograde axonal transport
- From the terminal to the soma
- Movement of used or worn out materials from distal areas to cell body
- NO slow retrograde transport, only fast retrograde transport
- Provides support to organs
- Transports neurotrophins
- Twice as slow as anterograde
Glial cells
- cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons
- oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
- astrocytes
Function of astrocytes
- Connect neurons to capillaries OR to form a blood-brain barrier
- Support, structure, and insulation
- Removing debris
answered already passed
Unipolar or pseudo unipolar neuron
- have a single process that emanates from the cell body
- The single process has dendrites on one end and the rest of the process is an axon, describes
most sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system
Bipolar neuron
a neuron with one axon and one dendrite attached to opposite sides of its soma
Multipolar neuron
A neuron with a single axon and multiple dendrites; the most common type of neuron in the
nervous system
Excitatory neurons
- cause other neurons to fire
- glutamatergic and acetylcholine
Inhibitory neurons
- decreases the likelihood that the next neuron will send an impulse
,- GABA or glycine
Modulatory neurons
- evoke more complex effects on their target neurons
- dopamine and serotonin
Afferent neurons
- Convey information from tissues and organs into the central nervous system
- Convey information from one region of the brain to another
Efferent neurons
- Transmit signals from the central nervous system to the effector organs and cells and are
sometimes called motor neurons
- Transmit signals from one region of the brain to another
Interneurons
- Central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the
sensory inputs and motor outputs
- Connect neurons within specific regions of the central nervous system
Anterograde axonal transport
- Movement of nutrients in a neuron away from the cell body distally to axon termination
, - Slow and fast transport of cytoplasmic proteins
Slow is very important for maintaining the structural integrity of the neuron
- Fast transport carried by vesicles and motor proteins (some inside and some on membrane) →
carries many things that we need, active molecules
- Neuropeptides are transported here
Retrograde axonal transport
- From the terminal to the soma
- Movement of used or worn out materials from distal areas to cell body
- NO slow retrograde transport, only fast retrograde transport
- Provides support to organs
- Transports neurotrophins
- Twice as slow as anterograde
Glial cells
- cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons
- oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
- astrocytes
Function of astrocytes
- Connect neurons to capillaries OR to form a blood-brain barrier
- Support, structure, and insulation
- Removing debris
