AART EXAM REVIEW UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
these are the cells of the adrenal medulla that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅chromaffin cells
a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ascites
a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity that may be associated with cancer -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅exudate ascites
this is a hormone produced by the stomach lining that is used to regulate the release of digestive acid -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅gastrin
this is a cancer that causes lesions to develop on the skin and is often associated with AIDS - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Kaposi sarcoma
the space between the urinary bladder and the pubic known (has 2 names, give them both) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅-space of Retzius
-retropubic space
a congenital disorder that causes a person to retain excess copper - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wilsons
disease
list the normal echogenicity of abdominal organs from brightest to darkest - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅renal sinus
pancreas
spleen
liver
renal cortex
renal pyramids
gallbladder
,what is the criteria of a simple cyst - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-smooth walls
-through transmission
-completely anechoic
-round in shape
higher white blood cell count is indicative of _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅infection
an increase of alanine amniotransferase is indicative of (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-biliary tree
disease
-pancreatic disease
-hepatic disease
a decrease in albumin is indicative of (1 thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver damage
an increase in alkaline phosphatase is indicative of (4 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅biliary obstruction
liver cancer
pancreatic disease
gallstones
an increase in asparate amniotransferase is indicative of (2things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver damage
a decrease in alkaline phosphatase is indicative of (1thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wilson disease
An increase in bilirubin is inciative of (2 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Liver damage
biliary obstruction
an increase of PTT indicates (3things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver disease
,hereditary coagulopathies
anticoagulation therapies
a decrease in PTT indicates (1thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅vitamin k deficiency
an increase of urobiliruben indicates (2 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver desease
biliary obstruction
an increase of calcitonin (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thyroid cancer
lung cancer
anemia
an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine or t4 is indicative of (1thing) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hyperthyroidism
a decrease in thyroid stimulating hormone, throxine or t4 is indicative of (1 thing), - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hypothyroidism
what does an increase in BUN indicate? 5 things - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅renal disease
renal obstruction
dehydration
gastrointestinal bleeding
congestive heart failure
what does an increase in creatnine indicate? 3 things - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅renal damage
renal obstruction
renal infection
what does an increase in amylase indicate (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreatic disorders
, gallbladder disease
biliary or pancreatic obstruction
what does an increase in lipase indicate (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreatic disorders
gallbladder disease
biliary or pancreatic obstruction
what is the most common cause of nosocomial infection - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅uti
how does an increase in frequency effect resolution and penetration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increase
in frequency results in higher resolution and lower penetration
how does a decrease in frequency effect resolution and penetration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅lower
resolution an higher penetration
IMAGING ARTIFACTS:
this occurs when the sound beam strikes a structure in a nonperpendicular manner, resulting in a loss of
the true echogenicity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅anisotropy
Anisotropy artifact - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
ARTIFACTS
a type of reverberation artifact caused by small reflective surfaces - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅comet tail
artifact
comet tail - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
ARTIFACTS:
this is caused by bowel gas - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dirty shadowing artifact
these are the cells of the adrenal medulla that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅chromaffin cells
a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ascites
a collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity that may be associated with cancer -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅exudate ascites
this is a hormone produced by the stomach lining that is used to regulate the release of digestive acid -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅gastrin
this is a cancer that causes lesions to develop on the skin and is often associated with AIDS - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Kaposi sarcoma
the space between the urinary bladder and the pubic known (has 2 names, give them both) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅-space of Retzius
-retropubic space
a congenital disorder that causes a person to retain excess copper - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wilsons
disease
list the normal echogenicity of abdominal organs from brightest to darkest - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅renal sinus
pancreas
spleen
liver
renal cortex
renal pyramids
gallbladder
,what is the criteria of a simple cyst - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-smooth walls
-through transmission
-completely anechoic
-round in shape
higher white blood cell count is indicative of _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅infection
an increase of alanine amniotransferase is indicative of (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-biliary tree
disease
-pancreatic disease
-hepatic disease
a decrease in albumin is indicative of (1 thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver damage
an increase in alkaline phosphatase is indicative of (4 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅biliary obstruction
liver cancer
pancreatic disease
gallstones
an increase in asparate amniotransferase is indicative of (2things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver damage
a decrease in alkaline phosphatase is indicative of (1thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wilson disease
An increase in bilirubin is inciative of (2 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Liver damage
biliary obstruction
an increase of PTT indicates (3things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver disease
,hereditary coagulopathies
anticoagulation therapies
a decrease in PTT indicates (1thing) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅vitamin k deficiency
an increase of urobiliruben indicates (2 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver desease
biliary obstruction
an increase of calcitonin (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thyroid cancer
lung cancer
anemia
an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine or t4 is indicative of (1thing) - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hyperthyroidism
a decrease in thyroid stimulating hormone, throxine or t4 is indicative of (1 thing), - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hypothyroidism
what does an increase in BUN indicate? 5 things - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅renal disease
renal obstruction
dehydration
gastrointestinal bleeding
congestive heart failure
what does an increase in creatnine indicate? 3 things - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅renal damage
renal obstruction
renal infection
what does an increase in amylase indicate (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreatic disorders
, gallbladder disease
biliary or pancreatic obstruction
what does an increase in lipase indicate (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreatic disorders
gallbladder disease
biliary or pancreatic obstruction
what is the most common cause of nosocomial infection - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅uti
how does an increase in frequency effect resolution and penetration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅increase
in frequency results in higher resolution and lower penetration
how does a decrease in frequency effect resolution and penetration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅lower
resolution an higher penetration
IMAGING ARTIFACTS:
this occurs when the sound beam strikes a structure in a nonperpendicular manner, resulting in a loss of
the true echogenicity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅anisotropy
Anisotropy artifact - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
ARTIFACTS
a type of reverberation artifact caused by small reflective surfaces - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅comet tail
artifact
comet tail - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
ARTIFACTS:
this is caused by bowel gas - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dirty shadowing artifact
