HESI PHARMACOLOGY RN EXIT EXAM NEWEST 2025 VERSION 4
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which electrolyte
imbalance should the nurse monitor to prevent digoxin toxicity?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypoglycemia
ANSWER: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Monitoring
potassium helps prevent cardiac complications.
Question 2
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects?
A) Labetalol
B) Warfarin
C) Methyldopa
D) Acetaminophen
, ANSWER: B. Warfarin
Rationale: Warfarin crosses the placenta and can cause fetal bleeding and
malformations. It is not safe during pregnancy.
Question 3
A client prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder reports nausea and tremors. What action
should the nurse take first?
A) Hold the medication and notify the provider
B) Encourage fluids and rest
C) Administer antiemetic
D) Reassure the client that it's expected
ANSWER: A. Hold the medication and notify the provider
Rationale: Nausea and tremors are early signs of lithium toxicity. Immediate
evaluation is necessary.
Question 4
What should the nurse monitor in a client receiving aminoglycosides like gentamicin?
A) White blood cell count
B) Liver enzymes
C) Serum creatinine
D) Blood pressure
, ANSWER: C. Serum creatinine
Rationale: Gentamicin is nephrotoxic. Monitoring renal function helps detect
complications early.
Question 5
A patient receiving morphine sulfate IV begins experiencing respiratory depression.
What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
A) Administer naloxone
B) Turn patient on the side
C) Call the provider
D) Reduce the dose
ANSWER: A. Administer naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone is the antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression and
should be given immediately.
Question 6
Which instruction is essential when educating a patient about taking tetracycline
antibiotics?
A) Take with dairy products
B) Use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure
, C) Take on an empty stomach with milk
D) Discontinue when symptoms improve
ANSWER: B. Use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure
Rationale: Tetracyclines can cause photosensitivity. Patients must avoid
excessive sun exposure to prevent burns.
Question 7
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following
conditions is a contraindication for this medication?
A) Hypertension
B) Glaucoma
C) Bradycardia
D) Tachycardia
ANSWER: C. Bradycardia
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can decrease heart rate. It is
contraindicated in clients with bradycardia.
Question 8
Which lab value should be monitored closely for a client taking furosemide?
A) Hemoglobin
B) Blood glucose
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which electrolyte
imbalance should the nurse monitor to prevent digoxin toxicity?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypoglycemia
ANSWER: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Monitoring
potassium helps prevent cardiac complications.
Question 2
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects?
A) Labetalol
B) Warfarin
C) Methyldopa
D) Acetaminophen
, ANSWER: B. Warfarin
Rationale: Warfarin crosses the placenta and can cause fetal bleeding and
malformations. It is not safe during pregnancy.
Question 3
A client prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder reports nausea and tremors. What action
should the nurse take first?
A) Hold the medication and notify the provider
B) Encourage fluids and rest
C) Administer antiemetic
D) Reassure the client that it's expected
ANSWER: A. Hold the medication and notify the provider
Rationale: Nausea and tremors are early signs of lithium toxicity. Immediate
evaluation is necessary.
Question 4
What should the nurse monitor in a client receiving aminoglycosides like gentamicin?
A) White blood cell count
B) Liver enzymes
C) Serum creatinine
D) Blood pressure
, ANSWER: C. Serum creatinine
Rationale: Gentamicin is nephrotoxic. Monitoring renal function helps detect
complications early.
Question 5
A patient receiving morphine sulfate IV begins experiencing respiratory depression.
What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
A) Administer naloxone
B) Turn patient on the side
C) Call the provider
D) Reduce the dose
ANSWER: A. Administer naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone is the antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression and
should be given immediately.
Question 6
Which instruction is essential when educating a patient about taking tetracycline
antibiotics?
A) Take with dairy products
B) Use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure
, C) Take on an empty stomach with milk
D) Discontinue when symptoms improve
ANSWER: B. Use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure
Rationale: Tetracyclines can cause photosensitivity. Patients must avoid
excessive sun exposure to prevent burns.
Question 7
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following
conditions is a contraindication for this medication?
A) Hypertension
B) Glaucoma
C) Bradycardia
D) Tachycardia
ANSWER: C. Bradycardia
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can decrease heart rate. It is
contraindicated in clients with bradycardia.
Question 8
Which lab value should be monitored closely for a client taking furosemide?
A) Hemoglobin
B) Blood glucose
