Chapter 3: Health, Illness, and
Disparities
The nurse is preparing a care plan for an African American man age 68 years who was
recently diagnosed with
hypertension. Age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance are examples of what human
dimension?
A) Physical
B) Emotional
C) Environmental
D) Sociocultural - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race,
and gender. These components
strongly influence a person's health status and health practices. The emotional
dimension focuses on how the mind
affects body function and responds to body conditions. The environmental dimension
includes influences such as
housing, sanitation, climate, and pollution of food, air, and water. Sociocultural
dimensions are health practices and
beliefs strongly influenced by economic status, lifestyle, family, and culture.
The mother of a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents of other children
with asthma. The nurse recognizes
that seeking and utilizing support systems is an example of which human dimension?
A) Sociocultural dimension
B) Physical dimension
C) Environmental dimension
D) Intellectual and spiritual dimension - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
Communicating with others and the use of support systems relate to the sociocultural
dimension. An individual's
relationship with others, being connected to a community, and feeling accepted and
loved by others are also related to
the sociocultural dimension.
A nurse educator uses models of health and illness when teaching. Which model of
health and illness places high-level
health and death on opposite ends of a graduated scale?
A) Health-Illness Continuum
B) Agent-Host-Environment Model
C) Health Belief Model
D) Health Promotion Model - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
, The Health-Illness Continuum views health as a constantly changing state, with high-
level wellness and death being on
opposite ends of a graduated scale. The Agent-Host-Environment Model is useful in
examining the causes of disease in
an individual. The Health Belief Model describes health behaviors. The Health
Promotion Model incorporates individual
characteristics and experiences, as well as behavior-specific knowledge and beliefs, to
motivate healthy behavior.
A homeless client has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance
after being found unresponsive
outside a mall. The client is known to the ED staff as having bipolar disorder, and
assessment reveals likely cellulitis on
his left ankle. He is febrile with a productive cough, and the care team suspects
pneumonia. A sputum culture for
tuberculosis has been obtained and sent to the laboratory. Which of the following
aspects of the client's medical
condition would be considered a chronic condition?
A) Bipolar disorder
B) Pneumonia
C) Cellulitis
D) Tuberculosis - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
Bipolar disorder is a long-standing diagnosis that requires the lifelong education and
treatment associated with chronic
conditions. Pneumonia, tuberculosis, and cellulitis are all acute, infectious diseases that
may be treated with antibiotic
regimens of varying length.
Which of the following activities related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary
health promotion and illness
prevention?
A) Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath
B) Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis
C) Teaching a client that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease
D) Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages -
Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and illness
prevention. Testing and screening are
examples of secondary health promotion and illness prevention, while client education
and political advocacy are
associated with primary prevention.
An elderly resident of a long-term care facility has developed diarrhea and dehydration
as a result of exposure
Disparities
The nurse is preparing a care plan for an African American man age 68 years who was
recently diagnosed with
hypertension. Age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance are examples of what human
dimension?
A) Physical
B) Emotional
C) Environmental
D) Sociocultural - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race,
and gender. These components
strongly influence a person's health status and health practices. The emotional
dimension focuses on how the mind
affects body function and responds to body conditions. The environmental dimension
includes influences such as
housing, sanitation, climate, and pollution of food, air, and water. Sociocultural
dimensions are health practices and
beliefs strongly influenced by economic status, lifestyle, family, and culture.
The mother of a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents of other children
with asthma. The nurse recognizes
that seeking and utilizing support systems is an example of which human dimension?
A) Sociocultural dimension
B) Physical dimension
C) Environmental dimension
D) Intellectual and spiritual dimension - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
Communicating with others and the use of support systems relate to the sociocultural
dimension. An individual's
relationship with others, being connected to a community, and feeling accepted and
loved by others are also related to
the sociocultural dimension.
A nurse educator uses models of health and illness when teaching. Which model of
health and illness places high-level
health and death on opposite ends of a graduated scale?
A) Health-Illness Continuum
B) Agent-Host-Environment Model
C) Health Belief Model
D) Health Promotion Model - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
, The Health-Illness Continuum views health as a constantly changing state, with high-
level wellness and death being on
opposite ends of a graduated scale. The Agent-Host-Environment Model is useful in
examining the causes of disease in
an individual. The Health Belief Model describes health behaviors. The Health
Promotion Model incorporates individual
characteristics and experiences, as well as behavior-specific knowledge and beliefs, to
motivate healthy behavior.
A homeless client has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance
after being found unresponsive
outside a mall. The client is known to the ED staff as having bipolar disorder, and
assessment reveals likely cellulitis on
his left ankle. He is febrile with a productive cough, and the care team suspects
pneumonia. A sputum culture for
tuberculosis has been obtained and sent to the laboratory. Which of the following
aspects of the client's medical
condition would be considered a chronic condition?
A) Bipolar disorder
B) Pneumonia
C) Cellulitis
D) Tuberculosis - Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
Bipolar disorder is a long-standing diagnosis that requires the lifelong education and
treatment associated with chronic
conditions. Pneumonia, tuberculosis, and cellulitis are all acute, infectious diseases that
may be treated with antibiotic
regimens of varying length.
Which of the following activities related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary
health promotion and illness
prevention?
A) Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath
B) Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis
C) Teaching a client that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease
D) Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages -
Correct answerAns: A
Feedback:
The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and illness
prevention. Testing and screening are
examples of secondary health promotion and illness prevention, while client education
and political advocacy are
associated with primary prevention.
An elderly resident of a long-term care facility has developed diarrhea and dehydration
as a result of exposure
