President of India Explained – Articles 52 to 62 Summary (UPSC/SSC)

The President of India - Powers, Election, and Role


Introduction

The President of India is the constitutional head of the country and the highest formal authority in the Indian

democracy. Although the real powers rest with the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, the President

plays a vital role in upholding the Constitution and democratic values.



Articles & Constitutional Position

The President's position and functions are elaborated under Articles 52 to 62 of the Indian Constitution. The

President is the ceremonial head, representing the unity, integrity, and sovereignty of the nation.



Election of the President

The President is not directly elected by the people. Instead, an Electoral College elects the President,

consisting of elected members of the Parliament and the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of

the States and Union Territories. The system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable

vote is used.



Eligibility Criteria

To be eligible for election as President, a person must:

- Be a citizen of India

- Be at least 35 years of age

- Be qualified for election as a member of the Lok Sabha

- Not hold any office of profit under the Government of India or any State government



Powers of the President

1. Executive Powers:

- Appoints the Prime Minister and, on their advice, the Council of Ministers

- Appoints Governors, the Chief Justice and Judges of Supreme Court and High Courts, CAG, EC, etc.



2. Legislative Powers:

- Summons and prorogues Parliament sessions