PSYC 314 - Exam 2 questions with accurate
answers
Describe the two key features of motivational interviewing Ans✓✓✓
Decisional Balance - Clients list reasons for and against changing
behaviour; used for points of discussion.
Personalized Feedback - Clients receive information on their pattern of
problem behaviour, comparisons with norms and risks
How are Indigenous people affected when accessing health care?
Ans✓✓✓ Language and culture have been cited as key barriers to
accessing health care systems.
Canada's health care system poorly equipped foraddressing and
accommodating the unique cultural needs of Indigenous people.
Practitioners are also poorly educated on the social and economic
determinants of Indigenous peoples health.
Lack of transportation and childcare services; lack of services in area.
Also: Racism, discrimination, stigma.
,How do anti-social traits impact people during a pandemic? Ans✓✓✓
Miguel et al. (2021) examined the role of antisocial traits in compliance
with COVID-19 containment measures in Brazil.
Antisocial traits, especially lower levels of empathy and higher levels of
callousness, deceitfulness, and risk-taking (as seen in psychopathy),
were directly associated with lower compliance with containment
measures including social distancing, mask-wearing, handwashing.
How does decriminalization and harm reduction connect to drug use?
Ans✓✓✓ Evidence indicates that decriminalization does not typically
increase the use of drugs (Braakmann & Jones,2015; Leyton, 2019).
In contrast to criminalization, a harm reduction approach aims to reduce
the negative consequences of substance/drug use; and to treat people
who use drugs with respect and dignity
How does individualism affect health behaviours? Ans✓✓✓
Individualism and narcissism are correlated with anti-vaccine attitudes
and defiance of COVID-19 precautions like mask-wearing
"the more individualistic (vs. collectivistic) a country was, the more
COVID-19 cases and mortalities it had." Individualistic participants
were also less likely to adhere to recommended health precautions.
How is SES related to health care use? Ans✓✓✓ lower SES canadains
use medical services less than upper SES
,Among the group who uses the healthcare system, they are more likely
to make 4+ doctors visits per year than higher SES.
Low-income Canadians tend to have longer wait times in hospitals than
their high-income counterparts
How Much Exercise Do You Need? Ans✓✓✓ According to Health
Canada...
It is recommended that adults get at least 2 1/2 hours of moderate to
vigorous physical activity each week.
People are more likely to be successful with any exercise program by
making physical activity a permanent part of their lifestyle.
Lay referral network Ans✓✓✓ Before people decide to seek medical
attention for their symptoms, they typically get advice from friends,
relatives, or co-workers (their "lay referral network"). These people
may...
- Help interpret a symptom.
- Give advice about seeking care.
- Recommend a remedy.
- Recommend talking to someone else.
Men and face masks? Ans✓✓✓ Where face masks were not mandatory,
men were less likely to report intentions to wear them.
, Men were also more likely to say that wearing a face covering is
shameful, not cool, a sign of weakness, and a stigma.
Capraro & Barcelo (2020) also found that messages focusing on "your
community" were more effective than "you," "your family," or "your
country" in motivating mask-wearing
Patient satisfaction has been correlated with... Ans✓✓✓ - Reduced
hypertension
- Fewer complications after surgery
- Reduced mortality
- Improved patient compliance/adherence
- Improved use of health services
i.e. coming back for follow-up appointments
- single bed hospital rooms esp ones with windows (also associated with
better patient health outcomes)
- the food!
What are behavioural and cognitive methods? Ans✓✓✓ Behavioural
methods focus on helping people manage the antecedents &
consequences of a behaviour.
Cognitive methods focus on changing people's thought processes.
answers
Describe the two key features of motivational interviewing Ans✓✓✓
Decisional Balance - Clients list reasons for and against changing
behaviour; used for points of discussion.
Personalized Feedback - Clients receive information on their pattern of
problem behaviour, comparisons with norms and risks
How are Indigenous people affected when accessing health care?
Ans✓✓✓ Language and culture have been cited as key barriers to
accessing health care systems.
Canada's health care system poorly equipped foraddressing and
accommodating the unique cultural needs of Indigenous people.
Practitioners are also poorly educated on the social and economic
determinants of Indigenous peoples health.
Lack of transportation and childcare services; lack of services in area.
Also: Racism, discrimination, stigma.
,How do anti-social traits impact people during a pandemic? Ans✓✓✓
Miguel et al. (2021) examined the role of antisocial traits in compliance
with COVID-19 containment measures in Brazil.
Antisocial traits, especially lower levels of empathy and higher levels of
callousness, deceitfulness, and risk-taking (as seen in psychopathy),
were directly associated with lower compliance with containment
measures including social distancing, mask-wearing, handwashing.
How does decriminalization and harm reduction connect to drug use?
Ans✓✓✓ Evidence indicates that decriminalization does not typically
increase the use of drugs (Braakmann & Jones,2015; Leyton, 2019).
In contrast to criminalization, a harm reduction approach aims to reduce
the negative consequences of substance/drug use; and to treat people
who use drugs with respect and dignity
How does individualism affect health behaviours? Ans✓✓✓
Individualism and narcissism are correlated with anti-vaccine attitudes
and defiance of COVID-19 precautions like mask-wearing
"the more individualistic (vs. collectivistic) a country was, the more
COVID-19 cases and mortalities it had." Individualistic participants
were also less likely to adhere to recommended health precautions.
How is SES related to health care use? Ans✓✓✓ lower SES canadains
use medical services less than upper SES
,Among the group who uses the healthcare system, they are more likely
to make 4+ doctors visits per year than higher SES.
Low-income Canadians tend to have longer wait times in hospitals than
their high-income counterparts
How Much Exercise Do You Need? Ans✓✓✓ According to Health
Canada...
It is recommended that adults get at least 2 1/2 hours of moderate to
vigorous physical activity each week.
People are more likely to be successful with any exercise program by
making physical activity a permanent part of their lifestyle.
Lay referral network Ans✓✓✓ Before people decide to seek medical
attention for their symptoms, they typically get advice from friends,
relatives, or co-workers (their "lay referral network"). These people
may...
- Help interpret a symptom.
- Give advice about seeking care.
- Recommend a remedy.
- Recommend talking to someone else.
Men and face masks? Ans✓✓✓ Where face masks were not mandatory,
men were less likely to report intentions to wear them.
, Men were also more likely to say that wearing a face covering is
shameful, not cool, a sign of weakness, and a stigma.
Capraro & Barcelo (2020) also found that messages focusing on "your
community" were more effective than "you," "your family," or "your
country" in motivating mask-wearing
Patient satisfaction has been correlated with... Ans✓✓✓ - Reduced
hypertension
- Fewer complications after surgery
- Reduced mortality
- Improved patient compliance/adherence
- Improved use of health services
i.e. coming back for follow-up appointments
- single bed hospital rooms esp ones with windows (also associated with
better patient health outcomes)
- the food!
What are behavioural and cognitive methods? Ans✓✓✓ Behavioural
methods focus on helping people manage the antecedents &
consequences of a behaviour.
Cognitive methods focus on changing people's thought processes.
