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1. Happiness, why -Making progress toward our goals makes us happy, absolute levels have very little
is the rate and di- ettect on our happiness.
rection of change -Once we reach our goal, our happiness does not last long.
more important
than absolute lev-
els?
2. How does hap- -Once we reach our goal, our happiness does not last long.
piness relate to
material acquisi- -Ex: The lottery winner was happy for a while and then their happiness level went
tions? back to where it was before.
-Ex: People from under developed countries find happiness in acquiring basic
items from more civilized countries, since they are getting something not present
int their environment; thus, they are progressing.
-Ex: Acquisitive desires exist in the Yanomomo, a professor noted this when he went
there and these civilians were taking his stutt when he left his luggage in the room
(unaccompanied).
3. Using an ex- -Culture can free us from biology.
ample, describe -There are ideas, customs, etc that are not passed through biology (genes), so
the interplay be- these ideas can be passed form people to ditterent people through our culture.
tween culture -Someone else's idea saves you from your way of doing something.
and biology. -Genetic info can only be passed from generation to generation, parent to ott-
spring.
-But culture allows us to pass information to anyone.
-Ex: you don't have to know how to create a lightbulb or a shoe, but there are
people in our society who can create it for you.
4. SEX =
PREGNANCY =
, LS 15 Phelan UCLA Verified Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual Emended
Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
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What's the funda- BABIES =
mental reproduc- MATERNAL CHILD CARE=
tive equation? LOSS OF FEMAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY=
LOSS OF FEMALE POLITICAL POWER
5. What does the -It reveals that culture can free us from our biological constraints and make equality
fundamental re- possible
productive equa-
tion reveal about
culture and biolo-
gy?
6. How does cul- -We cannot learn everything, some are limited by our biology.
ture-biology in-
terplay illustrate Ex: Mice have "genetically coded hypothesis" that automatically says "if I feel sick
by constraint it must be something I ate".
learning?
-They cannot learn that noise and lights causes an electric shock since, noise and
light aren't something that usually occur in their environment.
-However, they do learn that a weird taste in water causes them to feel nausea since
they have experience these sorts of attects throughout evolution.
7. What is the EEA? -Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness
-refers to the environment in which a given adaptation is said to have evolved
8. Why is it impor- -When we are ditterent than EEA it causes mismatch (being unsuitable)
tant for us to be -Natural selection leads to adaptation because it adapts us to a particular environ-
aware of the EEA? ment
9. Why is the EES -CULTURE
sometimes differ- -AGRICULTURE
ent from our -TECHNOLOGY
-CAPITALISM
, LS 15 Phelan UCLA Verified Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual Emended
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current environ- -environment is changing really quickly
ment? -evolution is slow and there is a lag time
10. Do other species -Yes
have different -Domesticated animals have ditterent environments than their usual environment
EEA and current
environments? -Ex: urban squirrels (like here at UCLA),
pets (dogs--they have free access to food all of the time),
zoo animals,
Sea World animals,
lab animals (individually housed & protected from all possible pathogens & given
food from humans)
11. What does mis- It is the idea that organisms possess traits that have been passed down through
match mean? generations, preserved by natural selection because of their adaptive function in
a given environment
12. What are the im- -The given environment of the evolutionary period can be quite unlike the current
plications of mis- environment.
match for our in- -When there is a ditterence between the EEA and the current environment, you
stincts? can't trust your instincts for the current environment because they are adapted to
the EEA.
13. Why is it hard to -Because of mismatch.
be a teenager? -It is the idea that organisms possess traits that have been passed down through
generations, preserved by natural selection because of their adaptive function in
a given environment
-However, the given environment of the evolutionary period can be quite unlike the
current environment.
-We are inherently wanting to have sex because of our past evolutionary trait
-But because of the ditterence in the current culture we live in it is now not
appropriate
-MISMATCH: we want sex, but our culture says no