PLANT TAXONOMY MID-TERM LECTURE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS #11
Systematics - correct answer the discovery of all branches of the evolutionary tree
(phylogenetic approach) resulting in the greatest accommodation of data; studies
organismal diversity and the relationships among them; includes discovery, description
(characterization), interpretation (may be represented in Classifications), names
(nomenclature), and identification
Green plants - correct answer include all organisms commonly known as green algae
and land plants, including liver worts, mosses, ferns, and other nonseed plants, and
seed plants
Vascular plants - correct answer those with conducting tissues; aka tracheophytes;
260,000 species, all but 12,000 are angiosperms
Angiosperms - correct answer flowering plants
Seed plants - correct answer angiosperms and gymnosperms
Eudicot angiosperms - correct answer tricholpates
Basic components to taxonomy or systematics - correct answer description,
identification, naming, classification, evolutionary implications
Description - correct answer attributes of a taxon given in words and/or pictures
Identification - correct answer process of placing a taxon into an existing classfication;
method for identification and communication; providing an inventory of the world's flora
Naming (nomenclature) - correct answer assigning a name to each taxon; each has a
SINGLE correct name
Classification - correct answer placing taxa into categories that have predictive value
Types of specific epithets - correct answer adjectival (relating to color, direction,
geography, habit, habitat, seaosns, size, aboriginal); commemorative; descriptive;
names of plant parts; prefixes and suffixes (number, position, size, looking like);
whimsical
Generic names - correct answer the name of a genus is a noun in the nominative
singular or a word treated as such, and is written with a capital letter initially
International code of botanical nomenclature (ICBN) - correct answer st. Louis code -
2000; sydney code - 2012; code from 2006?
, Taxa and their ranks - correct answer article 1: taxonomic groups of any rank will in this
code be referred to as taxa (singular = taxon)
Article 3: principle ranks of taxa - correct answer in descending order: kingdom
(regnum), division or phylum (divisio or phylum), class (classis), order (ordo), family
(familia), genus (genus), and species (species)
Article 4: secondary ranks of taxa - correct answer in descending order: tribe (tribus)
between family and genus, section (sectio) and series (series) between genus and
species, and variety (varietas) and form (forma) below species
Linnaean Hierarchy (in descending order) - correct answer regnum, subregnum
Divisio or phylum (-phyta), subdivision or subphylum
Classis (-opsida), subclassis
Ordo (-ales), subordo
Familia (-aceae), subfamilia (-oideae)
Tribus (-eae), subtribus (-ineae)
Genus, subgenus
Sectio, subsectio
Series, subseries
Species (gender MUST agree with genus)
Subspecies
Varietas, subvarietas
Forma, subforma
Alternative family names (both are allowed by the Code) - correct answer apiaceae =
umbelliferae
Arecaceae = palmae
Asteraceae = Compositae
Brassicaceae = Cruciferae
Clusiaceae = Guttiferae
Hypericaceae = Guttiferae
Fabaceae = Leguminosae
Lamiaceae = Labiatae
Poaceae = Gramineae
Type method - correct answer the type of a species is a specimen; the type of a genus
is a binomial (species); the type of a family is a genus name; the type of an order is a
family name; a type may be a single specimen, a series of herbarium sheets with parts
of one plant on different sheets, or a series of specimens from a single collection
mounted on a single sheet
Holotype - correct answer "the type"; the one specimen or illustration (but seen or used
by the authro of that taxon) or designated by the author as the nomenclatural type; the
one element designated by the author
ANSWERS #11
Systematics - correct answer the discovery of all branches of the evolutionary tree
(phylogenetic approach) resulting in the greatest accommodation of data; studies
organismal diversity and the relationships among them; includes discovery, description
(characterization), interpretation (may be represented in Classifications), names
(nomenclature), and identification
Green plants - correct answer include all organisms commonly known as green algae
and land plants, including liver worts, mosses, ferns, and other nonseed plants, and
seed plants
Vascular plants - correct answer those with conducting tissues; aka tracheophytes;
260,000 species, all but 12,000 are angiosperms
Angiosperms - correct answer flowering plants
Seed plants - correct answer angiosperms and gymnosperms
Eudicot angiosperms - correct answer tricholpates
Basic components to taxonomy or systematics - correct answer description,
identification, naming, classification, evolutionary implications
Description - correct answer attributes of a taxon given in words and/or pictures
Identification - correct answer process of placing a taxon into an existing classfication;
method for identification and communication; providing an inventory of the world's flora
Naming (nomenclature) - correct answer assigning a name to each taxon; each has a
SINGLE correct name
Classification - correct answer placing taxa into categories that have predictive value
Types of specific epithets - correct answer adjectival (relating to color, direction,
geography, habit, habitat, seaosns, size, aboriginal); commemorative; descriptive;
names of plant parts; prefixes and suffixes (number, position, size, looking like);
whimsical
Generic names - correct answer the name of a genus is a noun in the nominative
singular or a word treated as such, and is written with a capital letter initially
International code of botanical nomenclature (ICBN) - correct answer st. Louis code -
2000; sydney code - 2012; code from 2006?
, Taxa and their ranks - correct answer article 1: taxonomic groups of any rank will in this
code be referred to as taxa (singular = taxon)
Article 3: principle ranks of taxa - correct answer in descending order: kingdom
(regnum), division or phylum (divisio or phylum), class (classis), order (ordo), family
(familia), genus (genus), and species (species)
Article 4: secondary ranks of taxa - correct answer in descending order: tribe (tribus)
between family and genus, section (sectio) and series (series) between genus and
species, and variety (varietas) and form (forma) below species
Linnaean Hierarchy (in descending order) - correct answer regnum, subregnum
Divisio or phylum (-phyta), subdivision or subphylum
Classis (-opsida), subclassis
Ordo (-ales), subordo
Familia (-aceae), subfamilia (-oideae)
Tribus (-eae), subtribus (-ineae)
Genus, subgenus
Sectio, subsectio
Series, subseries
Species (gender MUST agree with genus)
Subspecies
Varietas, subvarietas
Forma, subforma
Alternative family names (both are allowed by the Code) - correct answer apiaceae =
umbelliferae
Arecaceae = palmae
Asteraceae = Compositae
Brassicaceae = Cruciferae
Clusiaceae = Guttiferae
Hypericaceae = Guttiferae
Fabaceae = Leguminosae
Lamiaceae = Labiatae
Poaceae = Gramineae
Type method - correct answer the type of a species is a specimen; the type of a genus
is a binomial (species); the type of a family is a genus name; the type of an order is a
family name; a type may be a single specimen, a series of herbarium sheets with parts
of one plant on different sheets, or a series of specimens from a single collection
mounted on a single sheet
Holotype - correct answer "the type"; the one specimen or illustration (but seen or used
by the authro of that taxon) or designated by the author as the nomenclatural type; the
one element designated by the author
