Page 1 of 10
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE by forcing you to judge, sympathize with, or criticize
PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD (Hum1) (First the characters you read about.
Semester, First Quarter Reviewer) 6. Helps you compare your own experiences with the
experiences of other people.
LITERATURE
7. Gives information which may be useful in other
• Derived from the Latin word “LITTERATURA” subjects. For example, in history, social studies, and
meaning “writing formed with letters.” so on.
• Term to describe written and sometimes spoken
material. TWO (2) TYPES OF LITERATURE
• Most commonly refers to works of the creative 1. ORAL LITERATURE
imagination including poetry, drama, fiction, • Literature handed down from generation by word
journalism, and in instances, song. of mouth.
• Total of preserved writings belongings to a given • Examples are riddle, folk song, tales, and ballad.
language or people.
• Consists of writings which interpret the meanings 2. WRITTEN LITERATURE
of nature and life, in words of charm and power, • Hand written, recorded, or printed.
touched with the personality of the author, and in • Examples are novels and short stories.
artistic forms of permanent interest.
• Written record of man’s best thoughts and feelings. SEVEN (7) LITERARY STANDARDS
• Gives us picture of life, not the picture that science 1. UNIVERSALITY
gives not the picture that is actually or historically - Literature appeals to everyone, regardless of
true, but picture that has its own kind of truth, a truth culture, race, sex, and time which are all considered
that includes important elements that science, from significant.
its very nature, is forced to leave out. 2. ARTISTRY
• Life is executed in an artistic pattern. It is into
harmonious and desired patterns of expression - Literature has an aesthetic appeal and thus
• The written or printed productions of human mind possesses a sense of beauty.
collectivity, which deals with themes of permanent 3. INTELLECTUAL VALUE
and universal interest, characterized by creativeness - Simulates critical thinking that enriches mental
and grace of expression, as poetry, fictions, essays, processes of abstract and reasoning, making man
etc., distinguished from works of scientific technical realize the fundamental of truths of life and its
or journalistic nature. nature.
FOUR (4) REASONS WHY DO PEOPLE WRITE
4. PERMANENCE
1. For self-expression,
- Literature endures across the time and the time
2. Spread knowledge and information
factor. Timeliness occurring at a particular time, and
3. Pass on ideas and values
timelessness, meaning invariable throughout the
4. Impart truth, accuracy, and evaluation. SEVEN (7)
time.
IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE
5. STYLE
1. Improves your command of language.
- Great literature is marked with the peculiar way in
2. Teaches you about life, cultures, and experiences of
which the writer sees life, forms his or her ideas, and
people in other parts of the world.
dresses them correctly.
3. Gives you information about other parts of the
world which you may never be able to visit in your 6. SPIRITUAL VALUE
lifetime. - Literature devotes the spirit and the soul and thus
4. Entertains you and provides useful occupation in has the power to motivate and to inspire.
your free time.
7. SUGGESTIVENESS
5. Makes you wiser and a more experienced person
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- Unravels man’s emotional power to define d. PARABLES • Stories from the Bible with symbols. •
symbolism, nuances, implied meanings, images and Biblical stories that are allegorical (symbolical). •
messages, giving and evoking visions above, and Short, didactic story that is meant to teach a moral. •
beyond the plane of. Uses human characters in believable situations so that
the reader or listener feels able to relate.
TWO (2) MAJOR DIVISIONS OF LITERATURE
e. FAIRY TALE
I. PROSE
• May feature folkloric character, enchantments,
• Derived from the Latin word “PROSA” meaning
often involving farfetched sequence of events or
“straightforward.”
poetic justice.
• Writing that resembles everyday speech.
• Sometimes there are talking animals or incidents of
TWO (2) DIVISION OF PROSE magic in these stories.
1. FICTION B. MODERN
• Defined as a series of imagined facts which • More realistic and plausible.
illustrates truths about human life. THREE (3) EXAMPLES OF MODERN FICTION
• Made up story from the author’s imagination.
• May be based on some facts or something that a. SHORT STORY
happened to the author. • Brief narrative that can be read in one sitting, single
• Has beginning, middle, and end. plot, few characters, and the setting is limited.
• Read for fun or entertainment. • Example is The Dead Stars.
TWO (2) TYPES OF FICTION b. NOVEL
• Extended narrative that is divided into chapters.
A. TRADITIONAL • Has one main plot and consists of sub plots.
• Stories that are passed down from person to • Could also have several settings divided into
person. chapter. c. NOVELLA OR NOVELETTE
FIVE (5) EXAMPLES OF TRADITIONAL FICTION • Shorter than a novel, longer than a short story.
2. NON-FICTION
a. MYTH
• Retelling of actual people, places, or events.
• Pertaining to stories of Gods and Goddesses, origin
• Based on provable facts.
of the universe and the creation of mankind.
• Has table of contents.
• These stories usually reflect a culture’s religious or
• Read for information to learn. SEVEN (7) EXAMPLES
other deeply held beliefs.
OF NON-FICTION a. DIARY
b. LEGEND
• Written account of a person’s experience.
• Origin of places, things, plants, or animals.
b. JOURNAL
• Stories known throughout a cultural group, about
people and their actions or deeds they perform to • Entries are more profound because they contain
save their people or nation. serious thoughts and reflections of the writer. c.
• Based on fact but also includes imaginative BIOGRAPHY
material. • Life story of a person which is a literary work that
c. FABLES gives the life account of a person written by another
• Characters are animals that are given human person.
attributes.
• Kind of folklore in which a brief story is used to
teach a lesson about human nature.
• Aesop’s fables usually a fable ends with a moral or
lesson.
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE by forcing you to judge, sympathize with, or criticize
PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD (Hum1) (First the characters you read about.
Semester, First Quarter Reviewer) 6. Helps you compare your own experiences with the
experiences of other people.
LITERATURE
7. Gives information which may be useful in other
• Derived from the Latin word “LITTERATURA” subjects. For example, in history, social studies, and
meaning “writing formed with letters.” so on.
• Term to describe written and sometimes spoken
material. TWO (2) TYPES OF LITERATURE
• Most commonly refers to works of the creative 1. ORAL LITERATURE
imagination including poetry, drama, fiction, • Literature handed down from generation by word
journalism, and in instances, song. of mouth.
• Total of preserved writings belongings to a given • Examples are riddle, folk song, tales, and ballad.
language or people.
• Consists of writings which interpret the meanings 2. WRITTEN LITERATURE
of nature and life, in words of charm and power, • Hand written, recorded, or printed.
touched with the personality of the author, and in • Examples are novels and short stories.
artistic forms of permanent interest.
• Written record of man’s best thoughts and feelings. SEVEN (7) LITERARY STANDARDS
• Gives us picture of life, not the picture that science 1. UNIVERSALITY
gives not the picture that is actually or historically - Literature appeals to everyone, regardless of
true, but picture that has its own kind of truth, a truth culture, race, sex, and time which are all considered
that includes important elements that science, from significant.
its very nature, is forced to leave out. 2. ARTISTRY
• Life is executed in an artistic pattern. It is into
harmonious and desired patterns of expression - Literature has an aesthetic appeal and thus
• The written or printed productions of human mind possesses a sense of beauty.
collectivity, which deals with themes of permanent 3. INTELLECTUAL VALUE
and universal interest, characterized by creativeness - Simulates critical thinking that enriches mental
and grace of expression, as poetry, fictions, essays, processes of abstract and reasoning, making man
etc., distinguished from works of scientific technical realize the fundamental of truths of life and its
or journalistic nature. nature.
FOUR (4) REASONS WHY DO PEOPLE WRITE
4. PERMANENCE
1. For self-expression,
- Literature endures across the time and the time
2. Spread knowledge and information
factor. Timeliness occurring at a particular time, and
3. Pass on ideas and values
timelessness, meaning invariable throughout the
4. Impart truth, accuracy, and evaluation. SEVEN (7)
time.
IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE
5. STYLE
1. Improves your command of language.
- Great literature is marked with the peculiar way in
2. Teaches you about life, cultures, and experiences of
which the writer sees life, forms his or her ideas, and
people in other parts of the world.
dresses them correctly.
3. Gives you information about other parts of the
world which you may never be able to visit in your 6. SPIRITUAL VALUE
lifetime. - Literature devotes the spirit and the soul and thus
4. Entertains you and provides useful occupation in has the power to motivate and to inspire.
your free time.
7. SUGGESTIVENESS
5. Makes you wiser and a more experienced person
, Page 2 of 10
- Unravels man’s emotional power to define d. PARABLES • Stories from the Bible with symbols. •
symbolism, nuances, implied meanings, images and Biblical stories that are allegorical (symbolical). •
messages, giving and evoking visions above, and Short, didactic story that is meant to teach a moral. •
beyond the plane of. Uses human characters in believable situations so that
the reader or listener feels able to relate.
TWO (2) MAJOR DIVISIONS OF LITERATURE
e. FAIRY TALE
I. PROSE
• May feature folkloric character, enchantments,
• Derived from the Latin word “PROSA” meaning
often involving farfetched sequence of events or
“straightforward.”
poetic justice.
• Writing that resembles everyday speech.
• Sometimes there are talking animals or incidents of
TWO (2) DIVISION OF PROSE magic in these stories.
1. FICTION B. MODERN
• Defined as a series of imagined facts which • More realistic and plausible.
illustrates truths about human life. THREE (3) EXAMPLES OF MODERN FICTION
• Made up story from the author’s imagination.
• May be based on some facts or something that a. SHORT STORY
happened to the author. • Brief narrative that can be read in one sitting, single
• Has beginning, middle, and end. plot, few characters, and the setting is limited.
• Read for fun or entertainment. • Example is The Dead Stars.
TWO (2) TYPES OF FICTION b. NOVEL
• Extended narrative that is divided into chapters.
A. TRADITIONAL • Has one main plot and consists of sub plots.
• Stories that are passed down from person to • Could also have several settings divided into
person. chapter. c. NOVELLA OR NOVELETTE
FIVE (5) EXAMPLES OF TRADITIONAL FICTION • Shorter than a novel, longer than a short story.
2. NON-FICTION
a. MYTH
• Retelling of actual people, places, or events.
• Pertaining to stories of Gods and Goddesses, origin
• Based on provable facts.
of the universe and the creation of mankind.
• Has table of contents.
• These stories usually reflect a culture’s religious or
• Read for information to learn. SEVEN (7) EXAMPLES
other deeply held beliefs.
OF NON-FICTION a. DIARY
b. LEGEND
• Written account of a person’s experience.
• Origin of places, things, plants, or animals.
b. JOURNAL
• Stories known throughout a cultural group, about
people and their actions or deeds they perform to • Entries are more profound because they contain
save their people or nation. serious thoughts and reflections of the writer. c.
• Based on fact but also includes imaginative BIOGRAPHY
material. • Life story of a person which is a literary work that
c. FABLES gives the life account of a person written by another
• Characters are animals that are given human person.
attributes.
• Kind of folklore in which a brief story is used to
teach a lesson about human nature.
• Aesop’s fables usually a fable ends with a moral or
lesson.
