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1. A 35-year-old patient is being seen in the primary care clinic for a routine
assessment. The patient had her last pap smear in conjunction with an HPV
screening three years before and has no abnormal gynecological signs or
symptoms. The advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) performs a physical
assessment with a clinical breast exam and then provides information about
recommended health screenings. Which USPTF recommendations should the
APRN share with this patient?
a. "We should do a chlamydia screening today."
b. "We need to do a pap smear in two years."
c. "We need to schedule a mammogram this month."
d. "We should do a HPV screening next year."
ANS: B
"We need to do a pap smear in 2 years"
HPV and Pap smear done together every 5 years
2. A woman who has had routine Pap tests all her adult life has an abnormal Pap.
What will the provider tell her about this result?
a. Colposcopy with biopsy is necessary
b. She may have vaginal cancer
c. She most likely has early cervical cancer
d. The result most likely indicates HPV infection
ANS: A
,The Pap test is a screen and should be followed by colposcopy with biopsy. Women
who have had Pap tests routinely are less likely to have cervical cancer.
3. What is the benefit of using a liquid-based medium when performing a Pap test?
a. It allows genital human papillomavirus (HPV), gonorrhea, and chlamydia testing
with the same specimen.
b. It is a more accurate test than the slide method of Pap testing.
c. It is not necessary to use endocervical cells to obtain results.
d. It is predictive of the later development of cervical cancer.
ANS: A
The liquid-based medium method allows testing of HPV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia
using the same specimen. It is not necessarily more accurate. MIt requires use of
endocervical cells. It does not predict the development of cancer.
4. A young female has a Pap test which reveals atypical squamous cells of
undetermined significance. What will the next step be in managing this patient?
a. Colposcopy with biopsy
b. Endometrial sampling
c. Reflex HPV DNA test
d. Repeat cytology in 12 months
ANS: D
Young women with ASC-US may have repeat cytology testing in 12 months.
Colposcopy with biopsy is performed if low-grade intraepithelial lesions or high-grade
squamous intraepithelial lesions are present. Reflex HPV DNA testing is not indicated.
Endometrial sampling is performed with low- or high-grade lesions in women who
are older than 35 years.
5. A pregnant woman reports not having had any vaccinations as a child but
requests vaccines during her pregnancy. Which vaccines may be given? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
b. Inactivated influenza
,c. Live, attenuated influenza
d. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
e. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap)
f. Varicella
ANS: A, B, E
Tdap is recommended to pregnant woman, optimally between 27- and 36-weeks
gestation. Inactivated is strongly recommended and may be given at any point in the
pregnancy. Hepatitis B is given to women at risk if needed. Live, attenuated influenza
vaccine, MMR, and varicella vaccines are not recommended during pregnancy.
6. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is conducting the routine annual
exam of a 66-year-old patient and decides that a vaccine should be
recommended in addition to the typical annual influenza vaccine. Which vaccine
is being recommended by the APRN?
a. Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis
b. Pneumococcal
c. Measles, mumps, and rubella
d. Hepatitis B
ANS: B
For older clients a one-time pneumovax is given after age 65.
7. A child has a primary immunodeficiency and the parent asks the provider about
vaccines. What will the provider tell this patient?
a. Avoid all vaccines since immunizations can cause disease in this child
b. Immunized with all recommended childhood vaccines to prevent serious disease
c. Some vaccines are contraindicated in those with T-cell involvement only
d. The child may need more vaccine boosters than other children
ANS: C
, Children with T-cell disorders should not receive live-virus vaccines, but children with
humoral deficiency may be given the vaccine. Vaccines are important to help prevent
disease and children with immunodeficiency should receive any vaccines that are
safe for them. Not all vaccines are recommended, since live-virus vaccines can cause
disease in certain children
8. A patient asks the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) if there are
any contraindications to receiving the influenza vaccine other than an egg
allergy. Which other precaution must be taken when administering this
vaccine?
a. A history of thrombocytopenia within six weeks of previous flu vaccine
b. A history of Guillain-Barré syndrome within six weeks of previous flu vaccine
c. A history of exposure to influenza A within the past six weeks
d. A history of illness with or without fever after previous flu vaccine
ANS: B
A history of Guillain-Barre Syndrome within 6 weeks of previous flu vaccine
Guillain-Barre syndrome attacks own immune system (neurologic), weakening motor
function throughout the body. Risk of causing Guillain-Barre when administering flu
shot
8. A 65-year-old patient who has not had an influenza vaccine is exposed to
influenza and comes to the clinic the following day with fever and watery, red
eyes. What will the provider do initially?
a. Administer LAIV influenza vaccine
b. Begin treatment with an antiviral medication
c. Observe for improvement or worsening for 24 hours
d. Perform a nasal swab for RT-PCR assay
ANS: D
Samples to isolate the virus should be collected within 12 to 36 hours of onset of
illness and this should be performed to confirm the disease. Administration of the
LAIV influenza vaccine will not prevent symptoms in this patient, is not recommended