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, Class 12 Physics
Chapter 13: Nuclei
DPP
Topic: INTRODUCTION
Subjective (Easy) 1. (Nuclear dimensions, Volume scaling) An α-particle
scattering experiment suggests that the radius of a
1. (Nucleus Size Comparison) If the radius of an atom
nucleus is approximately 10−15 m. If the radius of
is 10−10 m, what would be the approximate radius
an atom is scaled to 20 meters (the size of a large
of its nucleus?
classroom), what would be the scaled radius of the
2. (Volume Ratio) By what factor is the volume of a nucleus in millimeters? Compare this with the ac-
nucleus smaller compared to the volume of the en- tual size of a pinhead (about 1 mm).
tire atom?
2. (Mass concentration, Volume ratio) Assuming the
3. (Mass Concentration) What percentage of the total
mass of an atom is concentrated entirely in its nu-
mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus?
cleus and the volume ratio between the nucleus and
Subjective (Medium) the atom is 10−12 , calculate the approximate den-
1. (Nuclear Size and Volume) If the radius of a nucleus sity of the nucleus if the average density of the atom
is 10−15 m and the radius of an atom is 10−10 m, is 1 g/cm3 .
calculate the ratio of the volume of the nucleus to
3. (Nuclear stability, Radioactivity) A radioactive nu-
the volume of the atom.
cleus has a half-life of 5 days. If you start with 100
2. (Mass Concentration in Nucleus) An atom has a grams of this material, how much time will it take
total mass of 3.32 × 10 −26
kg, and its nucleus con- for the sample to reduce to 6.25 grams? Explain the
tains 99.9% of this mass. Calculate the mass of the reasoning behind your calculations step-by-step.
nucleus in grams.
4. (Fission, Energy release) In a nuclear
ssion reac-
3. (Nucleus-to-Atom Size Ratio) If a classroom is as-
tion, a uranium-235 nucleus splits into two smaller
sumed to be 10 meters in length and a pinhead is 1
nuclei and releases 200 MeV of energy. If 1 gram of
mm in diameter, compare the size ratio of a nucleus
uranium-235 undergoes complete
ssion, calculate
to an atom to the size ratio of the pinhead to the
the total energy released in joules. Assume Avo-
classroom.
gadro's number is 6.022 × 1023 mol−1 and the molar
Subjective (Hard) mass of uranium-235 is 235 g/mol.
Topic: ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF
NUCLEUS
, Subjective (Easy) Subjective (Hard)
1. (Atomic Mass Unit) What is the value of 1 atomic 1. (Mass spectrometry, Isotopes, Weighted average)
mass unit (u) in kilograms? The element boron has two naturally occurring iso-
topes, 10 B and 11 B , with isotopic masses of 10.0129
2. (Isotopes) Chlorine has two isotopes with masses
u and 11.0093 u respectively. Given that the nat-
34.98 u and 36.98 u. If their relative abundances
ural abundance of 10
B is 19.9% and that of 11
B is
are 75.4% and 24.6% respectively, calculate the av-
80.1%, calculate the atomic mass of boron as ob-
erage atomic mass of chlorine.
served in nature.
3. (Nuclear Composition) A gold nucleus is denoted 2. (Neutron mass, Nuclear composition, Mass defect)
as 197
79 Au. How many protons and neutrons does it A tritium nucleus (31 H ) consists of one proton and
contain? two neutrons. Calculate the total mass (in atomic
Subjective (Medium) mass units) of its individual nucleons and compare
it with its actual nuclear mass (3.01605 u). What
1. (Atomic Mass Unit and Isotopes) A sample of natu- does this dierence indicate?
rally occurring chlorine contains two isotopes: 35
Cl
3. (Isobars, Binding Energy Calculation) Two isobars,
with a mass of 34.98 u and an abundance of 75.4%,
3
1H (tritium) and 32 He (helium-3), have nuclear
and 37 Cl with a mass of 36.98 u and an abundance of
masses of 3.01605 u and 3.01603 u respectively. Ex-
24.6%. Calculate the average atomic mass of chlo-
plain why they are classi
ed as isobars. Also, deter-
rine from this data.
mine which nucleus has greater binding energy per
2. (Mass Spectrometer and Neutron Mass) The mass nucleon.
of a neutron is given as mn = 1.00866 u. If the
4. (Chadwick's Experiment, Conservation Laws) In
mass of a proton is mp = 1.00727 u, calculate the
Chadwick's experiment, when beryllium was bom-
dierence in mass between a neutron and a proton
barded with alpha particles, neutral radiation (neu-
in kilograms.
trons) was emitted. If an alpha particle (mass 4
3. (Nucleon Composition and Isotones) Gold has an u) moving at velocity v collides with a stationary
isotope 197
79 Au. Determine the number of protons, beryllium nucleus (mass 9 u) and produces a neu-
neutrons, and nucleons in this isotope. Also, iden- tron (mass 1 u), calculate the maximum possible
tify another element that is an isotone of this gold speed of the neutron using conservation of momen-
isotope. tum and energy.
Topic: SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS
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Separate groups for teachers and students are available, packed with valuable content to
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Additionally, benefit from expert tips, practical advice, and study hacks designed to enhance
performance in both CBSE exams and competitive entrance tests.
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Group by Clicking the Link Below
, Class 12 Physics
Chapter 13: Nuclei
DPP
Topic: INTRODUCTION
Subjective (Easy) 1. (Nuclear dimensions, Volume scaling) An α-particle
scattering experiment suggests that the radius of a
1. (Nucleus Size Comparison) If the radius of an atom
nucleus is approximately 10−15 m. If the radius of
is 10−10 m, what would be the approximate radius
an atom is scaled to 20 meters (the size of a large
of its nucleus?
classroom), what would be the scaled radius of the
2. (Volume Ratio) By what factor is the volume of a nucleus in millimeters? Compare this with the ac-
nucleus smaller compared to the volume of the en- tual size of a pinhead (about 1 mm).
tire atom?
2. (Mass concentration, Volume ratio) Assuming the
3. (Mass Concentration) What percentage of the total
mass of an atom is concentrated entirely in its nu-
mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus?
cleus and the volume ratio between the nucleus and
Subjective (Medium) the atom is 10−12 , calculate the approximate den-
1. (Nuclear Size and Volume) If the radius of a nucleus sity of the nucleus if the average density of the atom
is 10−15 m and the radius of an atom is 10−10 m, is 1 g/cm3 .
calculate the ratio of the volume of the nucleus to
3. (Nuclear stability, Radioactivity) A radioactive nu-
the volume of the atom.
cleus has a half-life of 5 days. If you start with 100
2. (Mass Concentration in Nucleus) An atom has a grams of this material, how much time will it take
total mass of 3.32 × 10 −26
kg, and its nucleus con- for the sample to reduce to 6.25 grams? Explain the
tains 99.9% of this mass. Calculate the mass of the reasoning behind your calculations step-by-step.
nucleus in grams.
4. (Fission, Energy release) In a nuclear
ssion reac-
3. (Nucleus-to-Atom Size Ratio) If a classroom is as-
tion, a uranium-235 nucleus splits into two smaller
sumed to be 10 meters in length and a pinhead is 1
nuclei and releases 200 MeV of energy. If 1 gram of
mm in diameter, compare the size ratio of a nucleus
uranium-235 undergoes complete
ssion, calculate
to an atom to the size ratio of the pinhead to the
the total energy released in joules. Assume Avo-
classroom.
gadro's number is 6.022 × 1023 mol−1 and the molar
Subjective (Hard) mass of uranium-235 is 235 g/mol.
Topic: ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF
NUCLEUS
, Subjective (Easy) Subjective (Hard)
1. (Atomic Mass Unit) What is the value of 1 atomic 1. (Mass spectrometry, Isotopes, Weighted average)
mass unit (u) in kilograms? The element boron has two naturally occurring iso-
topes, 10 B and 11 B , with isotopic masses of 10.0129
2. (Isotopes) Chlorine has two isotopes with masses
u and 11.0093 u respectively. Given that the nat-
34.98 u and 36.98 u. If their relative abundances
ural abundance of 10
B is 19.9% and that of 11
B is
are 75.4% and 24.6% respectively, calculate the av-
80.1%, calculate the atomic mass of boron as ob-
erage atomic mass of chlorine.
served in nature.
3. (Nuclear Composition) A gold nucleus is denoted 2. (Neutron mass, Nuclear composition, Mass defect)
as 197
79 Au. How many protons and neutrons does it A tritium nucleus (31 H ) consists of one proton and
contain? two neutrons. Calculate the total mass (in atomic
Subjective (Medium) mass units) of its individual nucleons and compare
it with its actual nuclear mass (3.01605 u). What
1. (Atomic Mass Unit and Isotopes) A sample of natu- does this dierence indicate?
rally occurring chlorine contains two isotopes: 35
Cl
3. (Isobars, Binding Energy Calculation) Two isobars,
with a mass of 34.98 u and an abundance of 75.4%,
3
1H (tritium) and 32 He (helium-3), have nuclear
and 37 Cl with a mass of 36.98 u and an abundance of
masses of 3.01605 u and 3.01603 u respectively. Ex-
24.6%. Calculate the average atomic mass of chlo-
plain why they are classi
ed as isobars. Also, deter-
rine from this data.
mine which nucleus has greater binding energy per
2. (Mass Spectrometer and Neutron Mass) The mass nucleon.
of a neutron is given as mn = 1.00866 u. If the
4. (Chadwick's Experiment, Conservation Laws) In
mass of a proton is mp = 1.00727 u, calculate the
Chadwick's experiment, when beryllium was bom-
dierence in mass between a neutron and a proton
barded with alpha particles, neutral radiation (neu-
in kilograms.
trons) was emitted. If an alpha particle (mass 4
3. (Nucleon Composition and Isotones) Gold has an u) moving at velocity v collides with a stationary
isotope 197
79 Au. Determine the number of protons, beryllium nucleus (mass 9 u) and produces a neu-
neutrons, and nucleons in this isotope. Also, iden- tron (mass 1 u), calculate the maximum possible
tify another element that is an isotone of this gold speed of the neutron using conservation of momen-
isotope. tum and energy.
Topic: SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS
