NNP 1 Test 2 (Chapter 6) | 2025-2026 LATEST UPDATED| ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY
GRADED A+
1. Heat production: Byproduct of metabolic processes.
2. To maintain mean body temperature: heat production must equal the heat lost
from the surface of the body and expiration of the lungs.
3. What is the most important form of heat production in the infant?:
Nonshivering Thermogenesis
4. Nonshivering Thermogenesis: A cold-induced increase in oxygen consumption
and heat production.
Fueled by brown fat.
5. 2-6% of the total body weight of the infant: Brown Fat
6. Where can brown fat be found?: - Nape of the neck.
- Between the scapulae.
- In the mediastinum
- Surrounding the kidneys and adrenals
7. Key points about brown fat: - Numerous fat vacoules
- Rich in mitochondria
,- Contains a dense capillary network
- Innervated with sympathetic nerve endings on each fat cell
- uncoupling protein results in heat production
8. What hormone stimulates brown fat metabolism: Norepinephrine
9. The initiation of nonshivering thermogenesis at birth depends upon
______, _____, and _______.: cutaneous cooling, separation from the
placenta, and the euthyroid state
10. The infant's response to cold exposure: Cold stimulates the sympathetic
nervous system and increases local norepinephrine turnover within the brown
fat. This results in a increase in oxygen consumption without the need of
physical activity.
11. Four means of heat loss: Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
12. Radiant Heat Loss: Heat loss from infant's skin to the cold waters of the
incubator.
Radiant heat loss is prevented by wrapping the infant during transport
, 13. Evaporative heat loss: A problem in infants less than 1500 g. Result of thin
skin that is permeable to water.
14. True or False:
Infants are homeotherms 100% of the time.: False:
There are factors that inhibit the mechanisms required to produce and regulate heat.
Sever cooling paralyzes the temperature regulation center in the body.
Sedatives can affect homeothermy
Brain injury can impede homeothermy
15. Oxygen Consumption ( nonshivering thermogenesis) is minimal in which
two scenarios?: Neutral thermal environment.
Severe hypothermia.
16. Rectal temperature changes in the infant.: A drop in rectal temperature
occurs when an infant exhausts all efforts to preserve and produce heat.
It is important to note that temperature alone is not a gauge of thermal stress. A
stressed infant can have a normal temperature. A change in temperature alerts us
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY
GRADED A+
1. Heat production: Byproduct of metabolic processes.
2. To maintain mean body temperature: heat production must equal the heat lost
from the surface of the body and expiration of the lungs.
3. What is the most important form of heat production in the infant?:
Nonshivering Thermogenesis
4. Nonshivering Thermogenesis: A cold-induced increase in oxygen consumption
and heat production.
Fueled by brown fat.
5. 2-6% of the total body weight of the infant: Brown Fat
6. Where can brown fat be found?: - Nape of the neck.
- Between the scapulae.
- In the mediastinum
- Surrounding the kidneys and adrenals
7. Key points about brown fat: - Numerous fat vacoules
- Rich in mitochondria
,- Contains a dense capillary network
- Innervated with sympathetic nerve endings on each fat cell
- uncoupling protein results in heat production
8. What hormone stimulates brown fat metabolism: Norepinephrine
9. The initiation of nonshivering thermogenesis at birth depends upon
______, _____, and _______.: cutaneous cooling, separation from the
placenta, and the euthyroid state
10. The infant's response to cold exposure: Cold stimulates the sympathetic
nervous system and increases local norepinephrine turnover within the brown
fat. This results in a increase in oxygen consumption without the need of
physical activity.
11. Four means of heat loss: Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
12. Radiant Heat Loss: Heat loss from infant's skin to the cold waters of the
incubator.
Radiant heat loss is prevented by wrapping the infant during transport
, 13. Evaporative heat loss: A problem in infants less than 1500 g. Result of thin
skin that is permeable to water.
14. True or False:
Infants are homeotherms 100% of the time.: False:
There are factors that inhibit the mechanisms required to produce and regulate heat.
Sever cooling paralyzes the temperature regulation center in the body.
Sedatives can affect homeothermy
Brain injury can impede homeothermy
15. Oxygen Consumption ( nonshivering thermogenesis) is minimal in which
two scenarios?: Neutral thermal environment.
Severe hypothermia.
16. Rectal temperature changes in the infant.: A drop in rectal temperature
occurs when an infant exhausts all efforts to preserve and produce heat.
It is important to note that temperature alone is not a gauge of thermal stress. A
stressed infant can have a normal temperature. A change in temperature alerts us
