NSG 5240 Advanced Pharmacology Final Latest
Update 2025-2026 140 Questions and 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
- CORRECT ANSWERS: E: Rapid increase of endotoxins in his
blood.
15-A 42-year-old woman with a 1-year history of rheumatoid arthritis comes to see her
primary care physician complaining of worsening symptoms. She has been taking
leflunomide. IL-1 and TNF-a are two key cytokines involved in the negative sequelae of
rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following drugs is a recombinant form of an
endogenous IL-1 antagonist?
(A) Abatacept
(B) Anakinra
(C) Methotrexate
(D) Hydroxychloroquine
(E) Rituximab - CORRECT ANSWERS:
17- A 5-year-old boy is brought to his primary care physician
by his parents who say that he often has trouble
catching his breath when he has been playing hard
outside. He is allergic to peanuts. At the moment, he
is breathing fine. Which of the following drugs is
commonly used to diagnose suspected asthma?
(A) Albuterol
(B) Methacholine
(C) Neostigmine
,(D) Nicotine
(E) Pilocarpine - CORRECT ANSWERS:
25- A 48-year-old woman pricks her finger on a rose bush
while pruning. A few days later, she develops small,
red lesions near the wound and a red track ascending
her hand toward her trunk. Her doctor prescribes
itraconazole for the sporotrichosis. What is the mechanism
of action of this medication?
(A) Disrupts fungal cell membrane by forming pores
(nystatin, amphotericin B)
(B) Disrupts fungal microtubules (griseofulvin)
(C) Inhibits conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
(D) Inhibits squalene monooxygenase (terbinafine)
(E) Is converted to 5-fluorouracil in fungal cells
(flucytosine) - CORRECT ANSWERS:
A 12·year-old girl with asthma presents to the emergency room with complaints of
cough, dyspnea, and wheezing after visiting a riding stable. Which is the most
appropriate drug to rapidly reverse her bronchoconstriction?
A. Inhaled fluticasone
B. Inhaled beclomethasone
C. Inhaled albuterol
D. Intravenous propranolol - CORRECT ANSWERS: C. Inhaled albuterol
A 13-year-old boy with moderate asthma presents to the clinic for follow-up. His
symptoms appear to be better controlled since adding salmeterol to his regimen. He has
,had to use his rescue inhaler once over the past 2 weeks during exertion. His breathing
at night has improved as well. How does salmeterol exhibit its beneficial effects for
asthma?
(A) Long-acting b1-agonist
(B) Long-acting b1-antagonist
(C) Long-acting b1- and b2-agonist
(D) Long-acting b2-agonist
(E) Long-acting b2-antagonist - CORRECT ANSWERS: (D) Long-acting b2-agonist
A 13-year-old female complains of an itchy, runny nose during the fall season. She says
she experienced similar symptoms around the same time last year. Her family history is
significant for hay fever in her mother. Which of the following would be the best choice
to treat this patient?
(A) Aspirin
(B) Epinephrine
(C) Montelukast
(D) Naproxen
(E) Terbutaline - CORRECT ANSWERS: (C) Montelukast
A 13-year-old female presents with 3 months of easy bruisability and bone pain.
Complete blood count
shows extreme leukocytosis. She is diagnosed with ALL and begins a chemotherapy
regimen. One of her
chemotherapeutic drugs is cyclophosphamide. What
should also be given to avoid a potentially serious side effect of cyclophosphamide?
(A) Mesna
, (B) Methylene blue
(C) N-acetylcysteine
(D) Ibuprofen
(E) Succimer - CORRECT ANSWERS: (A) Mesna
A 13-year-old male has begun having spells of wheezing and difficulty breathing while
playing outside. He
is diagnosed with asthma and given an inhaler to treat acute attacks. His medication is
working well, but he
would also like something to prevent attacks from happening. Which of the following
drugs would be best to add to his regimen?
(A) Albuterol
(B) Epinephrine
(C) Ipratropium
(D) Isoproterenol
(E) Salmeterol - CORRECT ANSWERS: (E) Salmeterol
A 15-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of runny nose
and itchy eyes. She said that she first had these symptoms during the
spring a few years ago, but each year, they have been bothering her more. You know
there are multiple ways
to interfere with the signaling that is causing her symptoms. Which of the following
drugs would prevent the release of the main chemical mediator in her case?
(A) Cromolyn sodium
(B) Diphenhydramine
(C) Ranitidine
(D) Loratadine
Update 2025-2026 140 Questions and 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
- CORRECT ANSWERS: E: Rapid increase of endotoxins in his
blood.
15-A 42-year-old woman with a 1-year history of rheumatoid arthritis comes to see her
primary care physician complaining of worsening symptoms. She has been taking
leflunomide. IL-1 and TNF-a are two key cytokines involved in the negative sequelae of
rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following drugs is a recombinant form of an
endogenous IL-1 antagonist?
(A) Abatacept
(B) Anakinra
(C) Methotrexate
(D) Hydroxychloroquine
(E) Rituximab - CORRECT ANSWERS:
17- A 5-year-old boy is brought to his primary care physician
by his parents who say that he often has trouble
catching his breath when he has been playing hard
outside. He is allergic to peanuts. At the moment, he
is breathing fine. Which of the following drugs is
commonly used to diagnose suspected asthma?
(A) Albuterol
(B) Methacholine
(C) Neostigmine
,(D) Nicotine
(E) Pilocarpine - CORRECT ANSWERS:
25- A 48-year-old woman pricks her finger on a rose bush
while pruning. A few days later, she develops small,
red lesions near the wound and a red track ascending
her hand toward her trunk. Her doctor prescribes
itraconazole for the sporotrichosis. What is the mechanism
of action of this medication?
(A) Disrupts fungal cell membrane by forming pores
(nystatin, amphotericin B)
(B) Disrupts fungal microtubules (griseofulvin)
(C) Inhibits conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
(D) Inhibits squalene monooxygenase (terbinafine)
(E) Is converted to 5-fluorouracil in fungal cells
(flucytosine) - CORRECT ANSWERS:
A 12·year-old girl with asthma presents to the emergency room with complaints of
cough, dyspnea, and wheezing after visiting a riding stable. Which is the most
appropriate drug to rapidly reverse her bronchoconstriction?
A. Inhaled fluticasone
B. Inhaled beclomethasone
C. Inhaled albuterol
D. Intravenous propranolol - CORRECT ANSWERS: C. Inhaled albuterol
A 13-year-old boy with moderate asthma presents to the clinic for follow-up. His
symptoms appear to be better controlled since adding salmeterol to his regimen. He has
,had to use his rescue inhaler once over the past 2 weeks during exertion. His breathing
at night has improved as well. How does salmeterol exhibit its beneficial effects for
asthma?
(A) Long-acting b1-agonist
(B) Long-acting b1-antagonist
(C) Long-acting b1- and b2-agonist
(D) Long-acting b2-agonist
(E) Long-acting b2-antagonist - CORRECT ANSWERS: (D) Long-acting b2-agonist
A 13-year-old female complains of an itchy, runny nose during the fall season. She says
she experienced similar symptoms around the same time last year. Her family history is
significant for hay fever in her mother. Which of the following would be the best choice
to treat this patient?
(A) Aspirin
(B) Epinephrine
(C) Montelukast
(D) Naproxen
(E) Terbutaline - CORRECT ANSWERS: (C) Montelukast
A 13-year-old female presents with 3 months of easy bruisability and bone pain.
Complete blood count
shows extreme leukocytosis. She is diagnosed with ALL and begins a chemotherapy
regimen. One of her
chemotherapeutic drugs is cyclophosphamide. What
should also be given to avoid a potentially serious side effect of cyclophosphamide?
(A) Mesna
, (B) Methylene blue
(C) N-acetylcysteine
(D) Ibuprofen
(E) Succimer - CORRECT ANSWERS: (A) Mesna
A 13-year-old male has begun having spells of wheezing and difficulty breathing while
playing outside. He
is diagnosed with asthma and given an inhaler to treat acute attacks. His medication is
working well, but he
would also like something to prevent attacks from happening. Which of the following
drugs would be best to add to his regimen?
(A) Albuterol
(B) Epinephrine
(C) Ipratropium
(D) Isoproterenol
(E) Salmeterol - CORRECT ANSWERS: (E) Salmeterol
A 15-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of runny nose
and itchy eyes. She said that she first had these symptoms during the
spring a few years ago, but each year, they have been bothering her more. You know
there are multiple ways
to interfere with the signaling that is causing her symptoms. Which of the following
drugs would prevent the release of the main chemical mediator in her case?
(A) Cromolyn sodium
(B) Diphenhydramine
(C) Ranitidine
(D) Loratadine
