HESI MEDICAL SURGERY EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Sodium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅135-145
Potassium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5-5
Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅97-107
Calcium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8.6-10.2
Magnesium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.3-2.3
Phosphorous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅2.5-4.5
BUN - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8-20
Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.7-1.4
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅60-100
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5-5.5
AST - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅10-40
ALT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8-40
WBC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4.5-11k
,Platelets - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅150-450k
hgb (hemoglobin) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅12-18
hct - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅35-52
2.2 lbs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one kilogram
5 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one teaspoon
15 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one tablespoon
30 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one ounce
Automaticity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cells can spontaneously initiate impulse- pacemaker cells
Excitability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ion shift-ability to respond to impulse and generate action potential
Injured/scared cells lose excitability
Conductivity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅able to transmit impulse
Contractibility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅how well cell contracts after receiving a stimulus
Lead 2 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅arrythmias, infarct
V1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅right 4th intercostal space-anterior/post view
, V6 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅horizontal to V5, mid-axillary line;lateral view
Torsades de Pointe - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅QT interval becomes prolonged, the patient is at risk for
lethal ventricular dysrhythmias called
ST variances-flat, down sloping, or flattened indicate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅electrolyte imbalances
ischemia or infarct
Often seen with sinus tach - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Premature Atrial Complexes
A-fib is associated with an increased risk of - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅heart failure, sudden cardiac death,
and chronic kidney disease (in addition to ischemic heart disease),
Types of angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stable, unstable, intractable, variant/printzmetal, silent
Stable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅predictable/exertion; TX: rest/NTG
Unstable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅longer, can occur at rest. Also called crescendo/pre-infarct.
Note: Unstable angina begins the ACS continuum
Intractable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅severe
Variant/Printzmetal angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pain at rest, vaso-spasm, ST segment changes,
reversible
Silent angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no symptoms, objective changes ECG
Indicators of resolved angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Resolution of pain (0/10) and normalized ECG
myocardial infarct - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxygen supply does not meet o2 demand
ANSWERS
Sodium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅135-145
Potassium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5-5
Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅97-107
Calcium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8.6-10.2
Magnesium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1.3-2.3
Phosphorous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅2.5-4.5
BUN - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8-20
Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.7-1.4
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅60-100
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5-5.5
AST - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅10-40
ALT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8-40
WBC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4.5-11k
,Platelets - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅150-450k
hgb (hemoglobin) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅12-18
hct - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅35-52
2.2 lbs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one kilogram
5 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one teaspoon
15 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one tablespoon
30 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅one ounce
Automaticity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cells can spontaneously initiate impulse- pacemaker cells
Excitability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ion shift-ability to respond to impulse and generate action potential
Injured/scared cells lose excitability
Conductivity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅able to transmit impulse
Contractibility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅how well cell contracts after receiving a stimulus
Lead 2 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅arrythmias, infarct
V1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅right 4th intercostal space-anterior/post view
, V6 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅horizontal to V5, mid-axillary line;lateral view
Torsades de Pointe - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅QT interval becomes prolonged, the patient is at risk for
lethal ventricular dysrhythmias called
ST variances-flat, down sloping, or flattened indicate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅electrolyte imbalances
ischemia or infarct
Often seen with sinus tach - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Premature Atrial Complexes
A-fib is associated with an increased risk of - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅heart failure, sudden cardiac death,
and chronic kidney disease (in addition to ischemic heart disease),
Types of angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stable, unstable, intractable, variant/printzmetal, silent
Stable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅predictable/exertion; TX: rest/NTG
Unstable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅longer, can occur at rest. Also called crescendo/pre-infarct.
Note: Unstable angina begins the ACS continuum
Intractable angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅severe
Variant/Printzmetal angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pain at rest, vaso-spasm, ST segment changes,
reversible
Silent angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no symptoms, objective changes ECG
Indicators of resolved angina - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Resolution of pain (0/10) and normalized ECG
myocardial infarct - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxygen supply does not meet o2 demand
