BSN HESI 266 Med Surg Exam Questions and
Answers Latest Update 2025/2026 Graded A+.
1. Pleurodesis A procedure aimed at preventing the formation of a pleural effusion by
causing the pleural spaces to seal together.
2. Radiation therapy con- Chronic esophagitis with gastroesophageal reflux is a potential conse-
sequences quence of radiation therapy for breast cancer.
3. Pathologic fracture Fractures that occur without evidence of trauma, often due to loss of bone
density from radiation damage.
4. Sexual activity after Sexual intercourse after an MI requires no more energy expenditure or
myocardial infarction cardiac stress than walking briskly up two flights of stairs.
5. Percutaneous endo- A type of feeding tube that differs from a gastrostomy tube primarily in the
scopic gastrostomy method of insertion.
(PEG) tube
6. PEG tube A tube inserted endoscopically through the esophagus into the stomach,
held in place by a bumper and a water-filled balloon.
7. GT A tube inserted through an incision in the abdomen and sutured to the
gastric wall.
8. Proctosigmoidoscopy Includes obtaining consent, a clear-liquid diet for 24 to 48 hours prior,
preparation administration of an enema, and fasting on the morning of the procedure.
9. Dysuria in diabetes Elevated fingerstick glucose levels (e.g., 300 mg/dl) need to be reported
to adjust the care plan.
10. Right renal calculi Acute pain related to movement of the stone.
nursing diagnosis pri-
ority
11. Chemotherapy initia- Starting chemotherapy early increases the chance of eradicating cancer
tion cells, as 50% of tumor cells are killed with each dose.
,12. Asterixis A clinical sign of liver disease characterized by a flapping tremor
hands.
13. Clear-liquid diet A diet consisting of clear fluids, often required 24 to 48 hours be
certain medical procedures.
14. Enema A procedure to introduce liquid into the rectum to stimulate a bow
movement or cleanse the bowel before a procedure.
15. Fasting protocol Refraining from all food and drink for a specified period, often re
before medical procedures.
16. Suprapubic pain Pain located in the lower abdomen, often associated with urinary
17. Bounding pulse A pulse that feels strong and full, often measured at 100 beats/m
this context.
18. Small vesicular per- Fluid-filled blisters in the perineal area, which may indicate an in
ineal lesions or other medical condition.
19. Acute pain Severe discomfort that arises suddenly, often related to conditio
renal calculi.
20. Impaired urinary elim- Difficulty in passing urine, often due to obstruction.
ination
21. Risk for infection Increased likelihood of developing an infection, often due to con
like urinary stasis.
22. Deficient knowledge A lack of understanding or information regarding a specific healt
tion or its management.
23. Collateral circulation Alternative pathways of blood flow that develop as a response to
or narrowing of blood vessels.
,24. Cell cycle rate The speed at which a cell progresses through the phases of gro
division, impacting its sensitivity to chemotherapy.
25. Tumor cell count re- The process by which chemotherapy reduces the number of can
duction with each dose killing approximately 50%.
26. Asterixis A hand-flapping tremor that is often seen frequently in hepatic en
cephalopathy, induced by extending the arm and dorsiflexing the
27. Postoperative Obser- The observation of a pulse change from 85 to 160 beats/minute
vation more than 10 minutes should alert the nurse to call the Rapid Re
Team (RRT).
28. Rapid Response Team A team called to intervene for a client with an acute life-threaten
(RRT) change.
29. Valsalva Maneuver Straining with bowel movements while holding one's breath, whi
creases intracerebral pressure (ICP) and may induce bleeding o
of cerebral blood vessels.
30. HIV Post-Test Counsel- Encouraging retesting supports hope and gives the client time to
ing with the diagnosis.
31. Safety Checklist for Items such as nail polish, contact lenses, and partial dentures sh
Surgery be removed to provide accurate pulse oximetry readings and pre
damage during surgery.
32. Nail Polish Removal Removal provides a more accurate pulse oximetry reading and e
of capillary refill.
33. Monitoring for Battle's A nursing action that should be included in the plan of care for a
Sign admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke.
, 34. Active Range of Mo- Performing active range of motion three times daily is a nursing
tion post-stroke care.
35. Temperature and WBC A temperature of 103.1 F and a white blood cell (WBC) count of
Count mm3 are significant observations postoperatively.
36. Surgical Wound Dress- Fresh bleeding noted on abdominal surgical wound dressing is a
ing cerning observation for a postoperative client.
37. Diaphoresis and Weakness, diaphoresis, and complaints of feeling faint with BP 1
Weakness mm Hg are signs that may indicate a need for urgent care.
38. Dorsiflexing the Wrist A movement that induces asterixis when attempting to hold the p
39. Client's Arm Position The client should extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend
for Asterixis Test fingers.
40. Orthopedic Surgery Completing a safety checklist before transport to the operating ro
Preparation essential.
41. Hearing Aid Removal Hearing aids should be removed to prevent damage, loss, or mis
ment during surgery.
42. Wedding Band Re- Wedding bands should be removed to prevent injury during surg
moval
43. Left Leg Brace Re- Left leg braces should be removed as part of the safety checklis
moval surgery.
44. Contact Lenses Re- Contact lenses should be removed to prevent damage or loss du
moval surgery.
45. Partial Dentures Re- Partial dentures should be removed to prevent damage or loss d
moval surgery.
Answers Latest Update 2025/2026 Graded A+.
1. Pleurodesis A procedure aimed at preventing the formation of a pleural effusion by
causing the pleural spaces to seal together.
2. Radiation therapy con- Chronic esophagitis with gastroesophageal reflux is a potential conse-
sequences quence of radiation therapy for breast cancer.
3. Pathologic fracture Fractures that occur without evidence of trauma, often due to loss of bone
density from radiation damage.
4. Sexual activity after Sexual intercourse after an MI requires no more energy expenditure or
myocardial infarction cardiac stress than walking briskly up two flights of stairs.
5. Percutaneous endo- A type of feeding tube that differs from a gastrostomy tube primarily in the
scopic gastrostomy method of insertion.
(PEG) tube
6. PEG tube A tube inserted endoscopically through the esophagus into the stomach,
held in place by a bumper and a water-filled balloon.
7. GT A tube inserted through an incision in the abdomen and sutured to the
gastric wall.
8. Proctosigmoidoscopy Includes obtaining consent, a clear-liquid diet for 24 to 48 hours prior,
preparation administration of an enema, and fasting on the morning of the procedure.
9. Dysuria in diabetes Elevated fingerstick glucose levels (e.g., 300 mg/dl) need to be reported
to adjust the care plan.
10. Right renal calculi Acute pain related to movement of the stone.
nursing diagnosis pri-
ority
11. Chemotherapy initia- Starting chemotherapy early increases the chance of eradicating cancer
tion cells, as 50% of tumor cells are killed with each dose.
,12. Asterixis A clinical sign of liver disease characterized by a flapping tremor
hands.
13. Clear-liquid diet A diet consisting of clear fluids, often required 24 to 48 hours be
certain medical procedures.
14. Enema A procedure to introduce liquid into the rectum to stimulate a bow
movement or cleanse the bowel before a procedure.
15. Fasting protocol Refraining from all food and drink for a specified period, often re
before medical procedures.
16. Suprapubic pain Pain located in the lower abdomen, often associated with urinary
17. Bounding pulse A pulse that feels strong and full, often measured at 100 beats/m
this context.
18. Small vesicular per- Fluid-filled blisters in the perineal area, which may indicate an in
ineal lesions or other medical condition.
19. Acute pain Severe discomfort that arises suddenly, often related to conditio
renal calculi.
20. Impaired urinary elim- Difficulty in passing urine, often due to obstruction.
ination
21. Risk for infection Increased likelihood of developing an infection, often due to con
like urinary stasis.
22. Deficient knowledge A lack of understanding or information regarding a specific healt
tion or its management.
23. Collateral circulation Alternative pathways of blood flow that develop as a response to
or narrowing of blood vessels.
,24. Cell cycle rate The speed at which a cell progresses through the phases of gro
division, impacting its sensitivity to chemotherapy.
25. Tumor cell count re- The process by which chemotherapy reduces the number of can
duction with each dose killing approximately 50%.
26. Asterixis A hand-flapping tremor that is often seen frequently in hepatic en
cephalopathy, induced by extending the arm and dorsiflexing the
27. Postoperative Obser- The observation of a pulse change from 85 to 160 beats/minute
vation more than 10 minutes should alert the nurse to call the Rapid Re
Team (RRT).
28. Rapid Response Team A team called to intervene for a client with an acute life-threaten
(RRT) change.
29. Valsalva Maneuver Straining with bowel movements while holding one's breath, whi
creases intracerebral pressure (ICP) and may induce bleeding o
of cerebral blood vessels.
30. HIV Post-Test Counsel- Encouraging retesting supports hope and gives the client time to
ing with the diagnosis.
31. Safety Checklist for Items such as nail polish, contact lenses, and partial dentures sh
Surgery be removed to provide accurate pulse oximetry readings and pre
damage during surgery.
32. Nail Polish Removal Removal provides a more accurate pulse oximetry reading and e
of capillary refill.
33. Monitoring for Battle's A nursing action that should be included in the plan of care for a
Sign admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke.
, 34. Active Range of Mo- Performing active range of motion three times daily is a nursing
tion post-stroke care.
35. Temperature and WBC A temperature of 103.1 F and a white blood cell (WBC) count of
Count mm3 are significant observations postoperatively.
36. Surgical Wound Dress- Fresh bleeding noted on abdominal surgical wound dressing is a
ing cerning observation for a postoperative client.
37. Diaphoresis and Weakness, diaphoresis, and complaints of feeling faint with BP 1
Weakness mm Hg are signs that may indicate a need for urgent care.
38. Dorsiflexing the Wrist A movement that induces asterixis when attempting to hold the p
39. Client's Arm Position The client should extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend
for Asterixis Test fingers.
40. Orthopedic Surgery Completing a safety checklist before transport to the operating ro
Preparation essential.
41. Hearing Aid Removal Hearing aids should be removed to prevent damage, loss, or mis
ment during surgery.
42. Wedding Band Re- Wedding bands should be removed to prevent injury during surg
moval
43. Left Leg Brace Re- Left leg braces should be removed as part of the safety checklis
moval surgery.
44. Contact Lenses Re- Contact lenses should be removed to prevent damage or loss du
moval surgery.
45. Partial Dentures Re- Partial dentures should be removed to prevent damage or loss d
moval surgery.
