Advanced Health Assessment
The swinging flashlight test assesses for ________. - (correct Answer) - afferent
papillary defects;To examine the retina of a patient with myopia, how should you
adjust the ophthalmoscope? - (correct Answer) - use a minus (red) lens;A ________
aperture is used to examine the anterior chamber of the eye and determine lesion
evaluation. - (correct Answer) - slit aperture;A ________ aperture is used to
estimate the size of fundal lesions. - (correct Answer) - grid aperture;Which
retinal structure serves as the unit of measure for locating fundal lesions or
structures? - (correct Answer) - the optic disc;When assessing the macula, which of
the following findings is expected?
-Drusen bodies
-Myelinated nerve fibers
-Yellow dot surrounded by deep pink
-Smooth blood vessels with no nicking - (correct Answer) - Yellow dot surrounded
by deep pink;A(n) ________ is a white, round or oval ulcerative lesion with a red
halo. - (correct Answer) - aphthous ulcer;Ectopic sebaceous glands are also known
as ________. - (correct Answer) - Fordyce spots;__________ usually appear as
whitish protrusions near the second upper molars. - (correct Answer) - stenson
ducts;There are ____ rectus and ___ oblique muscles attached to the eye. - (correct
Answer) - 4; 2;The eye itself is connected to the brain by ___________. - (correct
Answer) - CN II (optic nerve);The ___________ is composed of the eyelid,
conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eye muscles, and the bony orbit. - (correct Answer) -
external eye;_________ in the eyelid provide oils to the tear film. - (correct
Answer) - Meibomian glands;The ________ conjunctiva is the part of the conjunctiva
that coats the inside of the eyelids. - (correct Answer) - palpebral;The ________
conjunctiva is the part of the conjunctiva that covers the outer surface of the
eye. - (correct Answer) - bulbar (ocular);The lacrimal gland is located in the
______ region of the ______ eyelid. - (correct Answer) - temporal; superior;Each
eye is moved by ____ muscles. They are innervated by cranial nerves ____, ____, &
_____. - (correct Answer) - 6; CN III (oculomotor), CN IV (trochlear), CN VI
(abducens).;The oculomotor nerve controls all but: _____________. - (correct
Answer) - the superior oblique muscle & lateral rectus muscle;The ________ is the
only muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve. - (correct Answer) - superior
oblique;The ________ muscle is the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve. -
(correct Answer) - lateral rectus;The outer wall of the eye is composed of the
______ posteriorly and the _______ anteriorly. - (correct Answer) - sclera;
cornea;The ______ is the dense, avascular structure that physically supports the
internal structure of the eye - (correct Answer) - sclera;The ________ has rich
sensory innervation, and is avascular. It is a major part of the refractive power
of the eye. - (correct Answer) - cornea;The central aperture of the iris is the
pupil, through which light travels to the _____. - (correct Answer) - retina;By
dilating and contracting, the ______ controls the amount of light reaching the
retina. - (correct Answer) - iris;Components of the uveal tract: (select all that
apply)
A. Retina
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Ciliary body
E. Choroids - (correct Answer) - B (iris), D(ciliary body), E (choroids);The
_______ produces the aqueous humor and contains the muscles controlling
accommodation. - (correct Answer) - ciliary body;The ______ is a pigmented, richly
vascular layer that supplies oxygen to the outer layer of the retina. - (correct
Answer) - choroid;T/F Contraction or relaxation of the ciliary body changes the
thickness of the lens, thereby permitting images from varied distances to be
focused on the retina. - (correct Answer) - True;The optic nerve passes through the
________, along with the ophthalmic artery and vein. - (correct Answer) - optic
foramen;An object may be perceived in each visual cortex, even when one eye is
, covered, if the light impulse is cast on both the _______ and the ______ retina. -
(correct Answer) - temporal, nasal;major landmarks of the retina include: (select
all that apply)
A. Choroids
B. Optic disc
C. Ciliary body
D. Central retinal artery - (correct Answer) - B. Optic disc;D. Central retinal
artery;The _______, or fovea, is the site of central vision - (correct Answer) -
macula;The eyes develop during the first _______ of gestation and may become
malformed due to maternal drug ingestion or infection during this time. - (correct
Answer) - 8 weeks;By ______ months of age, binocular vision development is
complete. By ____ months, vision has developed sufficiently so that the infant can
differentiate colors. - (correct Answer) - 3-4 months; 6 months;During pregnancy,
tears contain an increased level of __________, resulting in a greasy sensation and
perhaps blurred vision for contact lens wearers. - (correct Answer) - lysozyme;The
major physiologic eye change that occurs with aging is a progressive weakening of
accommodation (focusing power) known as presbyopia. - (correct Answer) -
presbyopia;Risk factors of cataract formation: (select all that apply)
A. Steroid medication use
B. Cigarette smoking
C. Exposure to UV light
D. Diabetes mellitus
E. Wearing glasses - (correct Answer) - A. Steroid medication use
B. Cigarette smoking
C. Exposure to UV light
D. Diabetes mellitus;Recurrent hordeola (aka stye) is an acute infection of
________. - (correct Answer) - sebaceous glands of Zeis;________ is a chronic
blockage of the meibomian gland. - (correct Answer) - chalazion;In relation to eye
exam, family history should be assessed for history of _________, which is often an
autosomal dominant disorder. - (correct Answer) - retinoblastoma;History
of_________ is a risk factor for cataract formation, glaucoma, macular
degeneration, thyroid eye disease. - (correct Answer) - cigarette smoking;In
children, a white area in the pupil on a photograph or on examination is known as
_____. - (correct Answer) - leukocoria;In infants and children, the inability of
one eye to reflect light properly may indicate _________ or other serious
intraocular problem. - (correct Answer) - Retinoblastoma;In pregnant women,
symptoms of diplopia, scotomata, blurred vision, or amaurosis are indications of
___________. - (correct Answer) - pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH);Nocturnal
eye pain is a sign of ____________ and a symptom of glaucoma. - (correct Answer) -
subacute angle closure;Measurement of visual acuity�the discrimination of small
visual details�tests cranial nerve _____ and is essentially a measurement of
central vision. - (correct Answer) - CN II (optic nerve);Vision not correctable to
better than ________ is considered legal blindness - (correct Answer) - 20/200;When
performing a pinhole test, expect an improvement in visual acuity by at least
_______ on the chart if refractive error is responsible for the diminished acuity -
(correct Answer) - one line;Lesions most likely to produce ____________ include
stroke, retinal detachment, optic neuropathy, pituitary tumor compression at the
optic chiasm, and central retinal vascular occlusion. - (correct Answer) -
confrontation abnormalities;Monocular diplopia is a(n) _______ problem; binocular
diplopia is a(n) __________ problem. - (correct Answer) - optical; alignment;Red
testing may be particularly helpful in determining subtle optic __________, even
when visual acuity remains nearly normal. - (correct Answer) - optic nerve
disease;A(n) __________ defect often coexists with a red defect. - (correct Answer)
- afferent pupillary defect;If the patient's eyebrows are coarse or do not extend
beyond the temporal canthus, the patient may have ____________. - (correct Answer)
- hypothyroidism;The finding of __________ may represent the presence of thyroid
eye disease, allergies, or (especially in youth) the presence of renal disease
The swinging flashlight test assesses for ________. - (correct Answer) - afferent
papillary defects;To examine the retina of a patient with myopia, how should you
adjust the ophthalmoscope? - (correct Answer) - use a minus (red) lens;A ________
aperture is used to examine the anterior chamber of the eye and determine lesion
evaluation. - (correct Answer) - slit aperture;A ________ aperture is used to
estimate the size of fundal lesions. - (correct Answer) - grid aperture;Which
retinal structure serves as the unit of measure for locating fundal lesions or
structures? - (correct Answer) - the optic disc;When assessing the macula, which of
the following findings is expected?
-Drusen bodies
-Myelinated nerve fibers
-Yellow dot surrounded by deep pink
-Smooth blood vessels with no nicking - (correct Answer) - Yellow dot surrounded
by deep pink;A(n) ________ is a white, round or oval ulcerative lesion with a red
halo. - (correct Answer) - aphthous ulcer;Ectopic sebaceous glands are also known
as ________. - (correct Answer) - Fordyce spots;__________ usually appear as
whitish protrusions near the second upper molars. - (correct Answer) - stenson
ducts;There are ____ rectus and ___ oblique muscles attached to the eye. - (correct
Answer) - 4; 2;The eye itself is connected to the brain by ___________. - (correct
Answer) - CN II (optic nerve);The ___________ is composed of the eyelid,
conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eye muscles, and the bony orbit. - (correct Answer) -
external eye;_________ in the eyelid provide oils to the tear film. - (correct
Answer) - Meibomian glands;The ________ conjunctiva is the part of the conjunctiva
that coats the inside of the eyelids. - (correct Answer) - palpebral;The ________
conjunctiva is the part of the conjunctiva that covers the outer surface of the
eye. - (correct Answer) - bulbar (ocular);The lacrimal gland is located in the
______ region of the ______ eyelid. - (correct Answer) - temporal; superior;Each
eye is moved by ____ muscles. They are innervated by cranial nerves ____, ____, &
_____. - (correct Answer) - 6; CN III (oculomotor), CN IV (trochlear), CN VI
(abducens).;The oculomotor nerve controls all but: _____________. - (correct
Answer) - the superior oblique muscle & lateral rectus muscle;The ________ is the
only muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve. - (correct Answer) - superior
oblique;The ________ muscle is the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve. -
(correct Answer) - lateral rectus;The outer wall of the eye is composed of the
______ posteriorly and the _______ anteriorly. - (correct Answer) - sclera;
cornea;The ______ is the dense, avascular structure that physically supports the
internal structure of the eye - (correct Answer) - sclera;The ________ has rich
sensory innervation, and is avascular. It is a major part of the refractive power
of the eye. - (correct Answer) - cornea;The central aperture of the iris is the
pupil, through which light travels to the _____. - (correct Answer) - retina;By
dilating and contracting, the ______ controls the amount of light reaching the
retina. - (correct Answer) - iris;Components of the uveal tract: (select all that
apply)
A. Retina
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Ciliary body
E. Choroids - (correct Answer) - B (iris), D(ciliary body), E (choroids);The
_______ produces the aqueous humor and contains the muscles controlling
accommodation. - (correct Answer) - ciliary body;The ______ is a pigmented, richly
vascular layer that supplies oxygen to the outer layer of the retina. - (correct
Answer) - choroid;T/F Contraction or relaxation of the ciliary body changes the
thickness of the lens, thereby permitting images from varied distances to be
focused on the retina. - (correct Answer) - True;The optic nerve passes through the
________, along with the ophthalmic artery and vein. - (correct Answer) - optic
foramen;An object may be perceived in each visual cortex, even when one eye is
, covered, if the light impulse is cast on both the _______ and the ______ retina. -
(correct Answer) - temporal, nasal;major landmarks of the retina include: (select
all that apply)
A. Choroids
B. Optic disc
C. Ciliary body
D. Central retinal artery - (correct Answer) - B. Optic disc;D. Central retinal
artery;The _______, or fovea, is the site of central vision - (correct Answer) -
macula;The eyes develop during the first _______ of gestation and may become
malformed due to maternal drug ingestion or infection during this time. - (correct
Answer) - 8 weeks;By ______ months of age, binocular vision development is
complete. By ____ months, vision has developed sufficiently so that the infant can
differentiate colors. - (correct Answer) - 3-4 months; 6 months;During pregnancy,
tears contain an increased level of __________, resulting in a greasy sensation and
perhaps blurred vision for contact lens wearers. - (correct Answer) - lysozyme;The
major physiologic eye change that occurs with aging is a progressive weakening of
accommodation (focusing power) known as presbyopia. - (correct Answer) -
presbyopia;Risk factors of cataract formation: (select all that apply)
A. Steroid medication use
B. Cigarette smoking
C. Exposure to UV light
D. Diabetes mellitus
E. Wearing glasses - (correct Answer) - A. Steroid medication use
B. Cigarette smoking
C. Exposure to UV light
D. Diabetes mellitus;Recurrent hordeola (aka stye) is an acute infection of
________. - (correct Answer) - sebaceous glands of Zeis;________ is a chronic
blockage of the meibomian gland. - (correct Answer) - chalazion;In relation to eye
exam, family history should be assessed for history of _________, which is often an
autosomal dominant disorder. - (correct Answer) - retinoblastoma;History
of_________ is a risk factor for cataract formation, glaucoma, macular
degeneration, thyroid eye disease. - (correct Answer) - cigarette smoking;In
children, a white area in the pupil on a photograph or on examination is known as
_____. - (correct Answer) - leukocoria;In infants and children, the inability of
one eye to reflect light properly may indicate _________ or other serious
intraocular problem. - (correct Answer) - Retinoblastoma;In pregnant women,
symptoms of diplopia, scotomata, blurred vision, or amaurosis are indications of
___________. - (correct Answer) - pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH);Nocturnal
eye pain is a sign of ____________ and a symptom of glaucoma. - (correct Answer) -
subacute angle closure;Measurement of visual acuity�the discrimination of small
visual details�tests cranial nerve _____ and is essentially a measurement of
central vision. - (correct Answer) - CN II (optic nerve);Vision not correctable to
better than ________ is considered legal blindness - (correct Answer) - 20/200;When
performing a pinhole test, expect an improvement in visual acuity by at least
_______ on the chart if refractive error is responsible for the diminished acuity -
(correct Answer) - one line;Lesions most likely to produce ____________ include
stroke, retinal detachment, optic neuropathy, pituitary tumor compression at the
optic chiasm, and central retinal vascular occlusion. - (correct Answer) -
confrontation abnormalities;Monocular diplopia is a(n) _______ problem; binocular
diplopia is a(n) __________ problem. - (correct Answer) - optical; alignment;Red
testing may be particularly helpful in determining subtle optic __________, even
when visual acuity remains nearly normal. - (correct Answer) - optic nerve
disease;A(n) __________ defect often coexists with a red defect. - (correct Answer)
- afferent pupillary defect;If the patient's eyebrows are coarse or do not extend
beyond the temporal canthus, the patient may have ____________. - (correct Answer)
- hypothyroidism;The finding of __________ may represent the presence of thyroid
eye disease, allergies, or (especially in youth) the presence of renal disease
