Dental radiology final exam review
A photographic image produced on film by the passage of x-rays through teeth and related structures -
(correct Answer) - radiograph, dental
A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
photographic film. - (correct Answer) - x ray
A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles - (correct Answer) - radiation
Any person who positions, exposes, and processes x-ray film - (correct Answer) - radiographer, dental
The making of radiographs by the exposure of film to x-rays - (correct Answer) - radiography
A high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray
tube - (correct Answer) - radiation
The science or study of radiations as used in medicine. - (correct Answer) - radiology
The making of radiographs of the teeth and adjacent structures by the exposure of film to x-rays -
(correct Answer) - radiography, dental
A picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays through an object or body. - (correct Answer) -
radiograph
Coolidge - (correct Answer) - developed first x ray tube
Fitzgerald - (correct Answer) - Introduced long-cone paralleling technique
Kells - (correct Answer) - exposed first radiograph in united states with live patients
McCormack - (correct Answer) - Used paralleling technique in practical dental radiography
Roentgen - (correct Answer) - discovered x rays
Walkhoff - (correct Answer) - exposed first dental radiograph
Which of the following electrons has the greatest binding energy? - (correct Answer) - K shell electrons
the K shell electron is located closest to the nucleus and has the highest energy level and the greatest
binding energy. The M, N, and L shell electrons are located farther from the nucleus.
What type of electrical charge does the electron carry? - (correct Answer) - negative charge
Which term describes two or more atoms that are joined by chemical bonds? - (correct Answer) -
molecule
Which of the following describes ionization? - (correct Answer) - Ionization is described as the
production of ions when an atom loses an electron
Which term describes the process by which unstable atoms undergo a spontaneous disintegration in an
effort to attain a more balance nuclear state? - (correct Answer) - radioactivity
,Which of the following is NOT a type of particulate radiation? - (correct Answer) - nucleons
Which of the following is NOT a type of electromagnetic radiation? - (correct Answer) - electrons
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement? - (correct Answer) - x-rays have more energy than
visible light
Which of the following regulates the flow of electrical current to the filament of - (correct Answer) - low-
voltage circuit
Which of the following is used to increase the voltage in the high-voltage circuit? - (correct Answer) -
step-up transformer
The transformers either increase or decrease the voltage in an electrical circuit; the step-up transformer
increases the incoming voltage to the level required.
Which of the following is the location in which x-rays are produced? - (correct Answer) - . positive anode
X-rays are produced at the anode that is the positive electrode inside the x-ray tube.
Which of the following is the location in which thermionic emission occurs? - (correct Answer) - negative
cathode
Thermionic emission occurs at the cathode that is the negative electrode inside the x-ray tube.
Which of the following accounts for 70% of all the x-ray energy produced at the anode? - (correct
Answer) - general radiation
Which of the following occurs only at 70 kVp or higher and accounts for a very small part of the x-rays
produced in the dental x-ray machine? - (correct Answer) - characteristic radiation
Which of the following describes primary radiation? - (correct Answer) - radiation that exits the
tubehead
Which of the following describes scatter radiation? - (correct Answer) - radiation that has been deflected
from its path by interaction with matter.
Radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter is scatter radiation.
Which of the following type of scatter occurs most often with dental x-rays? - (correct Answer) - compton
In dental radiography, the quality of the x-ray beam is controlled by: - (correct Answer) - kVp
Identify the kilovoltage range for most dental x-ray machines: - (correct Answer) - 65-100 kV
The average range for most dental x-ray machines is 65-100kV. Lower settings may not penetrate the
tissue adequately and cause high contrast images; higher settings increase the radiation the patient
receives and cause low contrast images.
A higher kilovoltage produces x-rays with: - (correct Answer) - greater energy levels
shorter wavelengths
, more penetrating ability
An increase in kilovoltage increases the quality of the beam. It will demonstrate greater energy and
shorter, more penetrating wavelengths.
Identify the unit of measurement used to describe the amount of electric current flowing through the x-
ray tube: - (correct Answer) - ampere
Radiation produced with high kilovoltage results in: - (correct Answer) - short wavelengths
An increase in kilovoltage increases the quality of the beam. It will demonstrate greater energy and
shorter, more penetrating wavelengths.
In dental radiography, the quantity of radiation produced is controlled by: - (correct Answer) - mA,
exposure time
Kilovoltage peak affects the quality of the x-ray beam. The quantity of the x-rays produced is controlled
by milliamperage and exposure time.
Increasing milliamperage results in an increase in: - (correct Answer) - temperature of the
filament,number of x-rays produced
Milliamperage has no effect on the quality of the beam. Milliamperage does regulate the temperature of
the cathode filament, and it does affect the quantity of x-rays produced.
Identify the milliamperage range for dental radiography: - (correct Answer) - 7-15 mA
The recommended mA setting for dental radiography is 7-15. A setting above 15 mA may cause excessive
heat in the x-ray tube.
The overall blackness or darkness of a film is termed: - (correct Answer) - density
Density is described as the overall darkness or blackness of a film.
If kilovoltage is decreased with no other variations in exposure factors, the resultant film will: - (correct
Answer) - appear lighter
When kilovoltage peak is increased while other exposure factors remain constant, the resultant image
exhibits increased density and appears darker. When kilovoltage peak is decreased while other factors
remain constant, the resultant image exhibits decreased density and appears lighter.
Identify the term that describes how dark and light areas are differentiated on a film: - (correct Answer) -
contrast
Contrast is defined as how sharply dark and light areas are separated on an image.
A radiograph that has many light and dark areas with few shades of gray is said to have: - (correct
Answer) - high contrast
A photographic image produced on film by the passage of x-rays through teeth and related structures -
(correct Answer) - radiograph, dental
A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
photographic film. - (correct Answer) - x ray
A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles - (correct Answer) - radiation
Any person who positions, exposes, and processes x-ray film - (correct Answer) - radiographer, dental
The making of radiographs by the exposure of film to x-rays - (correct Answer) - radiography
A high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray
tube - (correct Answer) - radiation
The science or study of radiations as used in medicine. - (correct Answer) - radiology
The making of radiographs of the teeth and adjacent structures by the exposure of film to x-rays -
(correct Answer) - radiography, dental
A picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays through an object or body. - (correct Answer) -
radiograph
Coolidge - (correct Answer) - developed first x ray tube
Fitzgerald - (correct Answer) - Introduced long-cone paralleling technique
Kells - (correct Answer) - exposed first radiograph in united states with live patients
McCormack - (correct Answer) - Used paralleling technique in practical dental radiography
Roentgen - (correct Answer) - discovered x rays
Walkhoff - (correct Answer) - exposed first dental radiograph
Which of the following electrons has the greatest binding energy? - (correct Answer) - K shell electrons
the K shell electron is located closest to the nucleus and has the highest energy level and the greatest
binding energy. The M, N, and L shell electrons are located farther from the nucleus.
What type of electrical charge does the electron carry? - (correct Answer) - negative charge
Which term describes two or more atoms that are joined by chemical bonds? - (correct Answer) -
molecule
Which of the following describes ionization? - (correct Answer) - Ionization is described as the
production of ions when an atom loses an electron
Which term describes the process by which unstable atoms undergo a spontaneous disintegration in an
effort to attain a more balance nuclear state? - (correct Answer) - radioactivity
,Which of the following is NOT a type of particulate radiation? - (correct Answer) - nucleons
Which of the following is NOT a type of electromagnetic radiation? - (correct Answer) - electrons
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement? - (correct Answer) - x-rays have more energy than
visible light
Which of the following regulates the flow of electrical current to the filament of - (correct Answer) - low-
voltage circuit
Which of the following is used to increase the voltage in the high-voltage circuit? - (correct Answer) -
step-up transformer
The transformers either increase or decrease the voltage in an electrical circuit; the step-up transformer
increases the incoming voltage to the level required.
Which of the following is the location in which x-rays are produced? - (correct Answer) - . positive anode
X-rays are produced at the anode that is the positive electrode inside the x-ray tube.
Which of the following is the location in which thermionic emission occurs? - (correct Answer) - negative
cathode
Thermionic emission occurs at the cathode that is the negative electrode inside the x-ray tube.
Which of the following accounts for 70% of all the x-ray energy produced at the anode? - (correct
Answer) - general radiation
Which of the following occurs only at 70 kVp or higher and accounts for a very small part of the x-rays
produced in the dental x-ray machine? - (correct Answer) - characteristic radiation
Which of the following describes primary radiation? - (correct Answer) - radiation that exits the
tubehead
Which of the following describes scatter radiation? - (correct Answer) - radiation that has been deflected
from its path by interaction with matter.
Radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter is scatter radiation.
Which of the following type of scatter occurs most often with dental x-rays? - (correct Answer) - compton
In dental radiography, the quality of the x-ray beam is controlled by: - (correct Answer) - kVp
Identify the kilovoltage range for most dental x-ray machines: - (correct Answer) - 65-100 kV
The average range for most dental x-ray machines is 65-100kV. Lower settings may not penetrate the
tissue adequately and cause high contrast images; higher settings increase the radiation the patient
receives and cause low contrast images.
A higher kilovoltage produces x-rays with: - (correct Answer) - greater energy levels
shorter wavelengths
, more penetrating ability
An increase in kilovoltage increases the quality of the beam. It will demonstrate greater energy and
shorter, more penetrating wavelengths.
Identify the unit of measurement used to describe the amount of electric current flowing through the x-
ray tube: - (correct Answer) - ampere
Radiation produced with high kilovoltage results in: - (correct Answer) - short wavelengths
An increase in kilovoltage increases the quality of the beam. It will demonstrate greater energy and
shorter, more penetrating wavelengths.
In dental radiography, the quantity of radiation produced is controlled by: - (correct Answer) - mA,
exposure time
Kilovoltage peak affects the quality of the x-ray beam. The quantity of the x-rays produced is controlled
by milliamperage and exposure time.
Increasing milliamperage results in an increase in: - (correct Answer) - temperature of the
filament,number of x-rays produced
Milliamperage has no effect on the quality of the beam. Milliamperage does regulate the temperature of
the cathode filament, and it does affect the quantity of x-rays produced.
Identify the milliamperage range for dental radiography: - (correct Answer) - 7-15 mA
The recommended mA setting for dental radiography is 7-15. A setting above 15 mA may cause excessive
heat in the x-ray tube.
The overall blackness or darkness of a film is termed: - (correct Answer) - density
Density is described as the overall darkness or blackness of a film.
If kilovoltage is decreased with no other variations in exposure factors, the resultant film will: - (correct
Answer) - appear lighter
When kilovoltage peak is increased while other exposure factors remain constant, the resultant image
exhibits increased density and appears darker. When kilovoltage peak is decreased while other factors
remain constant, the resultant image exhibits decreased density and appears lighter.
Identify the term that describes how dark and light areas are differentiated on a film: - (correct Answer) -
contrast
Contrast is defined as how sharply dark and light areas are separated on an image.
A radiograph that has many light and dark areas with few shades of gray is said to have: - (correct
Answer) - high contrast
