Florence Nightingale - (correct Answer) - First nurse epidemiologist who connected poor sanitation with
cholera and dysentery.
Mary Nutting - (correct Answer) - Contributed to moving nursing education into universities.
Clara Barton - (correct Answer) - Founded the American Red Cross.
Lillian Wald - (correct Answer) - Helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
Planning - (correct Answer) - Involves developing a plan with strategies to attain expected outcomes.
Novice - (correct Answer) - A beginning nurse with no previous experience in a specific area.
Proficient - (correct Answer) - Nurse who can assess a situation as a whole and transfer knowledge from
previous experiences.
Competent - (correct Answer) - Nurse who understands specific care required by different types of
patients.
Advanced beginner - (correct Answer) - Nurse with some observational experience in a situation.
Autonomy - (correct Answer) - Initiating independent nursing interventions without medical orders.
Licensure - (correct Answer) - Requirement to pass the NCLEX-RN to practice as a registered nurse.
Certification - (correct Answer) - Optional process to specialize in a specific area of nursing practice.
Accountability - (correct Answer) - Being responsible, professionally and legally, for the quality of nursing
care provided.
Manager - (correct Answer) - Coordinates nursing staff activities with personnel, policy, and budgetary
responsibilities.
Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) - (correct Answer) - Prepares nurses for rigorous research and theory
development.
Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) - (correct Answer) - Practice doctorate preparing advanced
practice nurses.
Continuing education - (correct Answer) - Formal educational programs offered post-baccalaureate by
various institutions.
Quality improvement - (correct Answer) - Identifying gaps between local and best practices.
Safety - (correct Answer) - One of the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies.
Patient-centered care - (correct Answer) - Focusing on individual patient needs and preferences.
Educator - (correct Answer) - Explains health concepts, demonstrates procedures, and evaluates patient