MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO 2025 LATEST
VERSIONS ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH CORRECT DETAILED RATIONALES|
GRADED A+ ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?
a.Cortisol
c.Epinephrine
b.Oxytocin
d.Growth hormone - ANSWER-A
Cortisol and adrenal androgens are lipid-soluble hormones and are primarily
bound to a carrier or transport protein in circulation. The other options are water-
soluble hormones.
Most protein hormones are transported in the bloodstream and are:
a.Bound to a lipid-soluble carrier
b.Free in an unbound, water-soluble form
c.Bound to a water soluble-binding protein
d.Free because of their lipid-soluble chemistry - ANSWER-B
Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary, hypothalamic, and
parathyroid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound) forms. The other
options are not true statements related to the transport of protein hormones.
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, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
when insulin binds its receptors on muscle cells, an increase in glucose uptake by
the muscle cells is the result. This is an example of what type of effect by a
hormone?
a.Pharmacologic
c.Synergistic
b.Permissive
d.Direct - ANSWER-D
Direct effects are the obvious changes in cell function that specifically result from
the stimulation by a particular hormone. The other options are not used to
identify the described effect.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is released to stimulate thyroid hormone (TH)
and is inhibited when plasma levels of TH are adequate. This is an example of:
a.Positive feedback
c.Neural regulation
b.Negative feedback
d.Physiologic regulation - ANSWER-B
Feedback systems provide precise monitoring and control of the cellular
environment. Negative feedback occurs because the changing chemical, neural, or
endocrine response to a stimulus negates the initiating change that triggered the
release of the hormone. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the
hypothalamus stimulates TSH secretion from the anterior pituitary. Secretion of
TSH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of THs. Increasing levels of T4 and
triiodothyronine (T3) then generate negative feedback on the pituitary and
hypothalamus to inhibit TRH and TSH synthesis. The described example is not
accurately identified by any of the other options.
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, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
What imbalance lessens the rate of secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
a.Increased serum calcium levels
b.Decreased serum magnesium levels
c.Decreased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone
d.Increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone - ANSWER-A. The overall effect
of parathyroid hormone (PTH)is to increase serum calcium and to decrease serum
phosphate concentration. The other presented imbalances will not affect PTH in
the described fashion.
Regulation of the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla is an
example of which type of regulation?
a.Negative feedback
c.Neural
b.Positive feedback
d.Physiologic - ANSWER-c. The release of hormones occurs either in response to
an alteration in the cellular environment or in the process of maintaining a
regulated level of certain hormones or certain substances. Several different
mechanisms, one of which is neural control (e.g., stress-induced release of
catecholamines from the adrenal medulla), regulate the release of hormones. The
remaining options do not accurately describe the example given.
How does a faulty negative-feedback mechanism result in a hormonal imbalance?
a.Hormones are not synthesized in response to cellular and tissue activities.
b.Decreased hormonal secretion is a response to rising hormone levels.
c.Too little hormone production is initiated.
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, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
d.Excessive hormone production results from a failure to turn off the system. -
ANSWER-D. Negative-feedback systems are important in maintaining hormones
within physiologic ranges. The lack of negative-feedback inhibition on hormonal
release often results in pathologic conditions. Excessive hormone production,
which is the result of the failure to turn off the system, can cause various
hormonal imbalances and related conditions. The correct option is the only
accurate description of this hormonal function.
Which substance is a water-soluble protein hormone?
a.Thyroxine
c.Follicle-stimulating hormone
b.Aldosterone
d.Insulin - ANSWER-D. Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary,
hypothalamic, and parathyroid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound)
forms. All the remaining options are fat-soluble hormones.
Lipid-soluble hormone receptors are located:
a.Inside the plasma membrane in the cytoplasm
b.On the outer surface of the plasma membrane
c.Inside the mitochondria
d.On the inner surface of the plasma membrane - ANSWER-A
Lipid-soluble hormone receptors are located inside the plasma membrane and
easily diffuse across the plasma membrane to bind to either cytosolic or nuclear
receptors. The other options are not true statements.
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MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO 2025 LATEST
VERSIONS ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH CORRECT DETAILED RATIONALES|
GRADED A+ ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?
a.Cortisol
c.Epinephrine
b.Oxytocin
d.Growth hormone - ANSWER-A
Cortisol and adrenal androgens are lipid-soluble hormones and are primarily
bound to a carrier or transport protein in circulation. The other options are water-
soluble hormones.
Most protein hormones are transported in the bloodstream and are:
a.Bound to a lipid-soluble carrier
b.Free in an unbound, water-soluble form
c.Bound to a water soluble-binding protein
d.Free because of their lipid-soluble chemistry - ANSWER-B
Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary, hypothalamic, and
parathyroid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound) forms. The other
options are not true statements related to the transport of protein hormones.
1|Page
, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
when insulin binds its receptors on muscle cells, an increase in glucose uptake by
the muscle cells is the result. This is an example of what type of effect by a
hormone?
a.Pharmacologic
c.Synergistic
b.Permissive
d.Direct - ANSWER-D
Direct effects are the obvious changes in cell function that specifically result from
the stimulation by a particular hormone. The other options are not used to
identify the described effect.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is released to stimulate thyroid hormone (TH)
and is inhibited when plasma levels of TH are adequate. This is an example of:
a.Positive feedback
c.Neural regulation
b.Negative feedback
d.Physiologic regulation - ANSWER-B
Feedback systems provide precise monitoring and control of the cellular
environment. Negative feedback occurs because the changing chemical, neural, or
endocrine response to a stimulus negates the initiating change that triggered the
release of the hormone. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the
hypothalamus stimulates TSH secretion from the anterior pituitary. Secretion of
TSH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of THs. Increasing levels of T4 and
triiodothyronine (T3) then generate negative feedback on the pituitary and
hypothalamus to inhibit TRH and TSH synthesis. The described example is not
accurately identified by any of the other options.
2|Page
, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
What imbalance lessens the rate of secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
a.Increased serum calcium levels
b.Decreased serum magnesium levels
c.Decreased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone
d.Increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone - ANSWER-A. The overall effect
of parathyroid hormone (PTH)is to increase serum calcium and to decrease serum
phosphate concentration. The other presented imbalances will not affect PTH in
the described fashion.
Regulation of the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla is an
example of which type of regulation?
a.Negative feedback
c.Neural
b.Positive feedback
d.Physiologic - ANSWER-c. The release of hormones occurs either in response to
an alteration in the cellular environment or in the process of maintaining a
regulated level of certain hormones or certain substances. Several different
mechanisms, one of which is neural control (e.g., stress-induced release of
catecholamines from the adrenal medulla), regulate the release of hormones. The
remaining options do not accurately describe the example given.
How does a faulty negative-feedback mechanism result in a hormonal imbalance?
a.Hormones are not synthesized in response to cellular and tissue activities.
b.Decreased hormonal secretion is a response to rising hormone levels.
c.Too little hormone production is initiated.
3|Page
, MARYVILLE UNIVERSITYNURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO
d.Excessive hormone production results from a failure to turn off the system. -
ANSWER-D. Negative-feedback systems are important in maintaining hormones
within physiologic ranges. The lack of negative-feedback inhibition on hormonal
release often results in pathologic conditions. Excessive hormone production,
which is the result of the failure to turn off the system, can cause various
hormonal imbalances and related conditions. The correct option is the only
accurate description of this hormonal function.
Which substance is a water-soluble protein hormone?
a.Thyroxine
c.Follicle-stimulating hormone
b.Aldosterone
d.Insulin - ANSWER-D. Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary,
hypothalamic, and parathyroid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound)
forms. All the remaining options are fat-soluble hormones.
Lipid-soluble hormone receptors are located:
a.Inside the plasma membrane in the cytoplasm
b.On the outer surface of the plasma membrane
c.Inside the mitochondria
d.On the inner surface of the plasma membrane - ANSWER-A
Lipid-soluble hormone receptors are located inside the plasma membrane and
easily diffuse across the plasma membrane to bind to either cytosolic or nuclear
receptors. The other options are not true statements.
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