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Week 09 Semiconductors

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Semiconductors


Semiconductors have mediumconductivity

Resistance depends
onthegeometryofthemetal

R R resistance
ftp
f resistivity
L length
A crosssectionalarea

BandStructure

Discrete Energy Levels


Electrons are notallowed to havethe sameenergy whentheirclouds havethesameposition

As we bring atoms closer electronclouds start to overlap
Whentwoatoms become close together energylevels willsplitinto two discretelevels
n b

Theequilibrium atomic spacing Theaverage distance betweentwoatomsthatare bonded

Electronslike to be in the lowestenergystate
Lowestenergy state is filled withelectronsfirstfollowedbyhigherenergylevels
ValanceBond The higheststatethatcontains
anyelectrons
Thenextstatewithhigherenergy will not haveanyelectrons
ConductionBand


Conductors no bandgapin betweenthevalenceandconductionbands
Even withverysmallamountofenergy electrons canjump to the empty conductionband

Insulators large bandgap between thevalence and conduction bands
Electrons need a verylargeamountofenergy to moveto conductionband


The band
gap ofa semi
conductor istypicallybetween 1 2eV

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Uploaded on
July 19, 2025
Number of pages
2
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Monash malaysia
Contains
Eng1013

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