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NR 509 NR509 Midterm Fundamental Chapte
73 terms 75 terms 28 terms
JOT_SHOW Preview vonewegen1 Preview ShayAlvarez_
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
ANS: A
a.Pericardium.
The pericardium is a tough,
fibrous double-walled sac that
b.Myocardium.
surrounds and protects the
heart. It has two layers that
c.Endocardium.
contain a few milliliters of serous
pericardial fluid.
d.Pleural space.
2. The direction of blood flow through the heart is best
ANS: B
described by which of these?
Returning blood from the body
a.Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery
empties into the right atrium and
left atrium left ventricle
flows into the right ventricle and
then goes to the lungs through
b.Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary
the pulmonary artery. The lungs
vein left atrium left ventricle
oxygenate the blood, and it is
then returned to the left atrium
c.Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left
through the pulmonary vein. The
atrium left ventricle vena cava
blood goes from there to the
left ventricle and then out to the
d.Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary
body through the aorta.
artery left atrium left ventricle
, 3. The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic
functioning of the heart. Which statement best describes what is
meant by atrial kick?
ANS: D a.
Toward the end of diastole, the The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against
atria contract and push the last closed valves.
amount of blood (approximately b.
25% of stroke volume) into the Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt
ventricles. This active filling as a palpitation.
phase is called presystole, or c.
atrial systole, or sometimes the Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the
atrial kick. ventricles contract during systole.
d.
The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the
remaining blood into the ventricles.
4. When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve
ANS: C closures that can be heard best at the base of the heart are:
The second heart sound (S2) a.
occurs with the closure of the Mitral and tricuspid.
semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) b.
valves and signals the end of Tricuspid and aortic.
systole. Although it is heard over c.
all the precordium, the S2 is Aortic and pulmonic.
loudest at the base of the heart. d.
Mitral and pulmonic.
ANS: C 5. Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves
Events occur just slightly later in in a normal cardiac cycle?
the right side of the heart a.
because of the route of The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
myocardial depolarization. As a b.
result, two distinct components The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
to each of the heart sounds c.
exist, and sometimes they can The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
be heard separately. In the first d.
heart sound, the mitral Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
component (M1) closes just
before the tricuspid component
(T1).
6. The component of the conduction system referred to as the
pacemaker of the heart is the:
ANS: B
a.
Specialized cells in the SA node
Atrioventricular (AV) node.
near the superior vena cava
b.
initiate an electrical impulse.
Sinoatrial (SA) node.
Because the SA node has an
c.
intrinsic rhythm, it is called the
Bundle of His.
pacemaker of the heart.
d.
Bundle branches.
, ANS: D 7. The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which
Specialized cells in the SA node sequence?
near the superior vena cava a.
initiate an electrical impulse. The AV node SA node bundle of His
current flows in an orderly b.
sequence, first across the atria Bundle of His AV node SA node
to the AV node low in the atrial c.
septum. There it is delayed SA node AV node bundle of His bundle branches
slightly, allowing the atria the d.
time to contract before the AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches
ventricles are stimulated. Then
the impulse travels to the bundle
of His, the right and left bundle
branches, and then through the
ventricles.
ANS: D 8. The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with
Because no cardiac valve exists swelling in his ankles include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm
to separate the superior vena above the sternal angle when the head of his bed is elevated 45
cava from the right atrium, the degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
jugular veins give information a.
about the activity on the right Decreased fluid volume.
side of the heart. They reflect b.
filling pressures and volume Increased cardiac output.
changes. Normal jugular venous c.
pulsation is 2 cm or less above Narrowing of jugular veins.
the sternal angle. Elevated d.
pressure is more than 3 cm Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
above the sternal angle at 45
degrees and occurs with heart
failure.
9. When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the
ANS: C
nurse knows which of these statements to be true?
First, approximately two thirds of
a.
the blood is shunted through an
The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right
opening in the atrial septum, the
ventricle.
foramen ovale, into the left side
b.
of the heart, where it is pumped
The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
out through the aorta. The
c.
foramen ovale closes within the
Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening
first hour after birth because the
in the atrial septum.
pressure in the right side of the
d.
heart is now lower than in the
The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the
left side.
ductus arteriosus closes immediately after.
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
NR 509 NR509 Midterm Fundamental Chapte
73 terms 75 terms 28 terms
JOT_SHOW Preview vonewegen1 Preview ShayAlvarez_
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
ANS: A
a.Pericardium.
The pericardium is a tough,
fibrous double-walled sac that
b.Myocardium.
surrounds and protects the
heart. It has two layers that
c.Endocardium.
contain a few milliliters of serous
pericardial fluid.
d.Pleural space.
2. The direction of blood flow through the heart is best
ANS: B
described by which of these?
Returning blood from the body
a.Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery
empties into the right atrium and
left atrium left ventricle
flows into the right ventricle and
then goes to the lungs through
b.Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary
the pulmonary artery. The lungs
vein left atrium left ventricle
oxygenate the blood, and it is
then returned to the left atrium
c.Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left
through the pulmonary vein. The
atrium left ventricle vena cava
blood goes from there to the
left ventricle and then out to the
d.Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary
body through the aorta.
artery left atrium left ventricle
, 3. The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic
functioning of the heart. Which statement best describes what is
meant by atrial kick?
ANS: D a.
Toward the end of diastole, the The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against
atria contract and push the last closed valves.
amount of blood (approximately b.
25% of stroke volume) into the Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt
ventricles. This active filling as a palpitation.
phase is called presystole, or c.
atrial systole, or sometimes the Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the
atrial kick. ventricles contract during systole.
d.
The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the
remaining blood into the ventricles.
4. When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve
ANS: C closures that can be heard best at the base of the heart are:
The second heart sound (S2) a.
occurs with the closure of the Mitral and tricuspid.
semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) b.
valves and signals the end of Tricuspid and aortic.
systole. Although it is heard over c.
all the precordium, the S2 is Aortic and pulmonic.
loudest at the base of the heart. d.
Mitral and pulmonic.
ANS: C 5. Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves
Events occur just slightly later in in a normal cardiac cycle?
the right side of the heart a.
because of the route of The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
myocardial depolarization. As a b.
result, two distinct components The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
to each of the heart sounds c.
exist, and sometimes they can The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
be heard separately. In the first d.
heart sound, the mitral Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
component (M1) closes just
before the tricuspid component
(T1).
6. The component of the conduction system referred to as the
pacemaker of the heart is the:
ANS: B
a.
Specialized cells in the SA node
Atrioventricular (AV) node.
near the superior vena cava
b.
initiate an electrical impulse.
Sinoatrial (SA) node.
Because the SA node has an
c.
intrinsic rhythm, it is called the
Bundle of His.
pacemaker of the heart.
d.
Bundle branches.
, ANS: D 7. The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which
Specialized cells in the SA node sequence?
near the superior vena cava a.
initiate an electrical impulse. The AV node SA node bundle of His
current flows in an orderly b.
sequence, first across the atria Bundle of His AV node SA node
to the AV node low in the atrial c.
septum. There it is delayed SA node AV node bundle of His bundle branches
slightly, allowing the atria the d.
time to contract before the AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches
ventricles are stimulated. Then
the impulse travels to the bundle
of His, the right and left bundle
branches, and then through the
ventricles.
ANS: D 8. The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with
Because no cardiac valve exists swelling in his ankles include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm
to separate the superior vena above the sternal angle when the head of his bed is elevated 45
cava from the right atrium, the degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
jugular veins give information a.
about the activity on the right Decreased fluid volume.
side of the heart. They reflect b.
filling pressures and volume Increased cardiac output.
changes. Normal jugular venous c.
pulsation is 2 cm or less above Narrowing of jugular veins.
the sternal angle. Elevated d.
pressure is more than 3 cm Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
above the sternal angle at 45
degrees and occurs with heart
failure.
9. When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the
ANS: C
nurse knows which of these statements to be true?
First, approximately two thirds of
a.
the blood is shunted through an
The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right
opening in the atrial septum, the
ventricle.
foramen ovale, into the left side
b.
of the heart, where it is pumped
The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
out through the aorta. The
c.
foramen ovale closes within the
Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening
first hour after birth because the
in the atrial septum.
pressure in the right side of the
d.
heart is now lower than in the
The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the
left side.
ductus arteriosus closes immediately after.
