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NR 509 Final NR509 Final Exam BOC Urinalysis & Bo
Teacher 91 terms 88 terms 236 terms
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General Assessment Constitutional
If you are conducting an annual
physical examination, you are
more likely to conduct a detailed
and complete head-to-toe
examination than if you are
seeing an otherwise healthy
patient in an outpatient clinic for
a chief complaint of rhinitis.
The level of detail provided by
the physical examination should
relate to the specific purpose of
the visit or examination, the
health of the individual, and the
findings on the exam.
Regardless of the focus for the
exam, most physical assessments
begin with a general survey of
the patient's appearance, height,
and weight.
Your observations of the
patient's appearance begin as
soon as you encounter the
patient.
, When performing percussion,
you will tap on the surface to
help determine the underlying
structure. Note that only one
finger rests on the surface being
percussed, and that finger is
struck by one finger on the
opposite hand using a flicking
action of the wrist. For best
results, the striking finger should
strike the finger resting on the
surface quickly and firmly and
then immediately be removed to
prevent over dampening of the
sound produced by the
technique.
Chest Assessment
The last step of the physical
assessment of the chest includes
auscultation for both normal and
abnormal breath sounds, which
are categorized as bronchial,
bronchovesicular, vesicular, and
adventitious (crackles or rales
and wheezes or rhonchi).
Location of the sound also
determines if it is a normal or
abnormal finding.
Be able to identify each sound
but also to know where each
sound should, or should not, be
heard.
Skin Assessment
The American Cancer Society
(ACS) and the AAD recommend
full-body examinations for
patients over age 50 years or at
high risk, because melanoma
can appear in any location.
General Appearance
Is there clutching of the chest,
pallor, diaphoresis, labored
breathing, wheezing, or
coughing? Is there wincing,
diaphoresis, protectiveness of a
painful area, grimacing, or an
unusual posture favoring one
limb or region of the body?
Breath odors can reveal the
presence of alcohol or acetone
(diabetes), pulmonary infections,
uremia, or liver failure.