, Solution manual for Energy Its Uses and the
Environment, 6th Edition Roger A. Hinrichs
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
Instructor Manual
Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024, 9780357719428; Chapter
1: Introduction
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ............................................................................... 2
List of Student Downloads ...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments ......................................................... 3
What's New in This Chapter .................................................................................................... 3
Chapter Outline ........................................................................................................................ 3
Labs and Activities .................................................................................................................. 4
Energy In Developing Countries ............................................................................................. 4
Answers to Questions ............................................................................................................. 5
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 1
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to examine the fundamental concepts of energy. As discussed in
the chapter energy is a basic concept in all science and engineering disciplines. The concept of
energy conservation has also been explained in the chapter. Efforts of energy conservation
usually concentrate on either change to technology or lifestyle. Increased emphasis on energy
conservation is explained with the help of some convincing arguments.
Students should learn that the use of our energy resources is one of the major factors affecting
the environment. Using energy resources may impact the environment, but so can extracting
those resources, such as through deforestation, oil spillage, forest fires, and destruction of the
natural landscape and vegetation. Later in the chapter, the worldwide consumption of energy is
explained with the help of graphs. Recall from the beginning of this chapter that energy is not an
end in itself but is valued for what we can do with it. The end uses of energy are traditionally
broken down into four sectors: transportation, industrial, residential, and commercial.
Students should learn about energy resources, their limitations, and their uses. Students must
know how large each energy resource is and how long it will last. Both of these questions are
difficult to answer because we must make assumptions about future technologies for the
extraction of resources, future fuel prices, and consumption growth rates. Understanding energy
use means also understanding the consequences of its use. This chapter will introduce you to
the science of energy use and energy technology.
[return to top]
LIST OF STUDENT DOWNLOADS
Students should download the following items from the Student Companion Center to complete
the activities and assignments related to this chapter:
• PowerPoint (PPTs)
• Instructor Manual
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
CO1 Explain the basic concept of energy.
CO2 Describe the conservation of energy and technical, lifestyle changes.
CO3 Explain the uses of energy and major factors affecting the environment.
CO4 Use diagrams to illustrate energy consumption in the world.
CO5 List the different types of energy resources.
CO6 Discuss the scope of energy in the future.
[return to top]
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 2
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
COMPLETE LIST OF CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
The following table organizes activities and assessments by objective, so that you can see how
all this content relates to objectives and make decisions about which content you would like to
emphasize in your class based on your objectives. For additional guidance, refer to the
Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
N/A Knowledge Check 3-5 minutes
N/A Check Your Understanding 5-10 minutes
N/A Concept Visualizations 5-10 minutes
N/A Quantitative Problems 10-15 minutes
N/A Everyday Scenarios 10-20 minutes
CO1 7-8 Knowledge Check 1 1-2 minutes
CO2 12-13 Discussion Activity 1 2-3 minutes
CO3 19-20 Knowledge Check 2 1-2 minutes
CO5 33-34 Discussion Activity 2 2-3 minutes
CO6 38-39 Discussion Activity 3 2-3 minutes
[return to top]
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:
• Energy and energy resources are introduced more generally, without the heavy
emphasis on oil and the concept of peak oil.
• Climate change is emphasized as a significant impact of energy production and use
both in the past and into the future.
• The formation of and work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is
introduced as well as the 2050 Net Zero goals and the 2016 Paris Agreement.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
The following outline organizes activities (including any existing discussion questions in
PowerPoints or other supplements) and assessments by chapter (and therefore by topic) so that
you can see how all the content relates to the topics covered in the text. The first number refers
to the chapter learning objective; “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint
deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center).
1.1 Energy: An Introduction (CO1, PPT Slides #4-8)
a. Knowledge Check 1, PPT Slides #7-8, 1-2 minutes
1.2 Energy Conservation (CO2, PPT Slides #9-13)
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 3
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. Discussion Activity 1, PPT Slides #12-13, 2-3 minutes
1.3 Energy Use and the Environment (CO3, PPT Slides #14-20)
a. Knowledge Check 2, PPT Slides #19-20, 1-2 minutes
1.4 Energy Use Patterns (CO4, PPT Slides #21-28)
1.5 Energy Resources (CO5, PPT Slides #29-34)
a. Discussion Activity 2, PPT Slides #33-34, 2-3 minutes
1.6 Energy in the Future (CO6, PPT Slides #35-39)
a. Discussion Activity 3, PPT Slides #38-39, 2-3 minutes
[return to top]
LABS AND ACTIVITIES
ENERGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Purpose: To identify and explore the use of energy in another country and its effect on the
economic and political situation.
Country:
Capital:
Population:
Date:
Growth rate:
% Urban:
% literacy:
Per capita income:
Per capita energy use:
Inflation:
Unemployment:
Principle exports:
Principle imports
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 4
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
Primary energy fuels
used (breakdown into
residential/industrial):
Natural energy
resources:
Potential fuels for
meeting future energy
needs:
On this and the next page describe this country’s economic and food situations. Discuss
how energy resources play a role in these issues. Mention environmental problems that are
particularly troublesome. What changes in the use of energy and economic situation have
there been in the last 10-20 years?
[return to top]
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. Non-Renewable: oil, coal, natural gas; Renewable: solar, wind, hydropower,
geothermal, biofuel. Note that over the last 50 years, the most significant growth has
been in renewable energies, primarily wind and solar. However, these renewable energy
sources still provide only a fraction of the energy supplied by coal and oil.
2. Currently, energy prices are primarily determined by the cost of resource extraction and
fuel or energy production, it does not take into account the costs that result from the
impacts of that energy resource extraction or use such as the cost of human health
impacts of air and water pollution, cost of destruction of biodiversity, cost of cultural
destruction resulting from energy-forced migration (towns submerged under water due to
dams, communities that have moved due to land loss, etc).
3. Energy use depends upon the energy required for the particular activity and its
frequency.
4. Energy itself does not meet our needs, rather it is the conversion of energy into useful
work that meets our needs.
5. Answers will vary. Share with students resources such as “Our World in Data” (see
appendix E) to see how energy prices have changed over time.
6. Answers will vary. One example: Without adequate energy storage, energy conservation
could result in energy waste.
7. Answers will vary. This is a great question to use for discussion in your classroom.
8. Answers will vary. This is a great question to use for discussion in your classroom.
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 5
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
9. Without support, growing economies are likely to repeat the mistakes of highly
developed economies, resulting in increased Air and water pollution, growing
greenhouse gas emissions, and expansive environmental destruction.
10. Much of the economic growth is in developing economies, which have low energy use
per capita. Also increased efficiency in the use of energy, especially in the industrialized
world.
11. Answers will vary.
[return to top]
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 6
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 2: Energy Mechanics
Instructor Manual
Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024, 9780357719428; Chapter
2: Energy Mechanics
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ............................................................................... 2
List of Student Downloads ...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments ......................................................... 2
What's New in This Chapter .................................................................................................... 3
Chapter Outline ........................................................................................................................ 3
Labs and Activities .................................................................................................................. 4
Energy Conversion Lab .......................................................................................................... 4
Answers to Questions ............................................................................................................. 6
Answers to Problems .............................................................................................................. 6
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 1
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 2: Energy Mechanics
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to define and illustrate the fundamental concepts of work and
energy. Work is defined as the product of an applied force times the distance through which that
force acts. Doing work gives object energy.
Students should learn that energy can be found in many forms (mechanical, thermal, electrical,
radiant, chemical, and nuclear) and is the capacity to do work. Mechanical energy is the sum of
an object’s kinetic and potential energy. The study of energy includes a study of its
transformations from one form to another, for example, from mechanical to electrical to thermal
energy. Later in the chapter, Newton’s laws of motion have been explained with examples.
[return to top]
LIST OF STUDENT DOWNLOADS
Students should download the following items from the Student Companion Center to complete
the activities and assignments related to this chapter:
• PowerPoint (PPTs)
• Instructor Manual
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
CO1 Explain the basic concept of energy mechanics.
CO2 Describe the different types of energy.
CO3 Discuss the different energy conversion processes.
CO4 Explain what is motion: speed, velocity, and acceleration.
CO5 Discuss Newton’s laws of motion.
[return to top]
COMPLETE LIST OF CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
The following table organizes activities and assessments by objective, so that you can see how
all this content relates to objectives and make decisions about which content you would like to
emphasize in your class based on your objectives. For additional guidance, refer to the
Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
N/A Knowledge Check 3-5 minutes
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 2
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Environment, 6th Edition Roger A. Hinrichs
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
Instructor Manual
Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024, 9780357719428; Chapter
1: Introduction
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ............................................................................... 2
List of Student Downloads ...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments ......................................................... 3
What's New in This Chapter .................................................................................................... 3
Chapter Outline ........................................................................................................................ 3
Labs and Activities .................................................................................................................. 4
Energy In Developing Countries ............................................................................................. 4
Answers to Questions ............................................................................................................. 5
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 1
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to examine the fundamental concepts of energy. As discussed in
the chapter energy is a basic concept in all science and engineering disciplines. The concept of
energy conservation has also been explained in the chapter. Efforts of energy conservation
usually concentrate on either change to technology or lifestyle. Increased emphasis on energy
conservation is explained with the help of some convincing arguments.
Students should learn that the use of our energy resources is one of the major factors affecting
the environment. Using energy resources may impact the environment, but so can extracting
those resources, such as through deforestation, oil spillage, forest fires, and destruction of the
natural landscape and vegetation. Later in the chapter, the worldwide consumption of energy is
explained with the help of graphs. Recall from the beginning of this chapter that energy is not an
end in itself but is valued for what we can do with it. The end uses of energy are traditionally
broken down into four sectors: transportation, industrial, residential, and commercial.
Students should learn about energy resources, their limitations, and their uses. Students must
know how large each energy resource is and how long it will last. Both of these questions are
difficult to answer because we must make assumptions about future technologies for the
extraction of resources, future fuel prices, and consumption growth rates. Understanding energy
use means also understanding the consequences of its use. This chapter will introduce you to
the science of energy use and energy technology.
[return to top]
LIST OF STUDENT DOWNLOADS
Students should download the following items from the Student Companion Center to complete
the activities and assignments related to this chapter:
• PowerPoint (PPTs)
• Instructor Manual
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
CO1 Explain the basic concept of energy.
CO2 Describe the conservation of energy and technical, lifestyle changes.
CO3 Explain the uses of energy and major factors affecting the environment.
CO4 Use diagrams to illustrate energy consumption in the world.
CO5 List the different types of energy resources.
CO6 Discuss the scope of energy in the future.
[return to top]
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 2
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
COMPLETE LIST OF CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
The following table organizes activities and assessments by objective, so that you can see how
all this content relates to objectives and make decisions about which content you would like to
emphasize in your class based on your objectives. For additional guidance, refer to the
Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
N/A Knowledge Check 3-5 minutes
N/A Check Your Understanding 5-10 minutes
N/A Concept Visualizations 5-10 minutes
N/A Quantitative Problems 10-15 minutes
N/A Everyday Scenarios 10-20 minutes
CO1 7-8 Knowledge Check 1 1-2 minutes
CO2 12-13 Discussion Activity 1 2-3 minutes
CO3 19-20 Knowledge Check 2 1-2 minutes
CO5 33-34 Discussion Activity 2 2-3 minutes
CO6 38-39 Discussion Activity 3 2-3 minutes
[return to top]
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:
• Energy and energy resources are introduced more generally, without the heavy
emphasis on oil and the concept of peak oil.
• Climate change is emphasized as a significant impact of energy production and use
both in the past and into the future.
• The formation of and work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is
introduced as well as the 2050 Net Zero goals and the 2016 Paris Agreement.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
The following outline organizes activities (including any existing discussion questions in
PowerPoints or other supplements) and assessments by chapter (and therefore by topic) so that
you can see how all the content relates to the topics covered in the text. The first number refers
to the chapter learning objective; “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint
deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center).
1.1 Energy: An Introduction (CO1, PPT Slides #4-8)
a. Knowledge Check 1, PPT Slides #7-8, 1-2 minutes
1.2 Energy Conservation (CO2, PPT Slides #9-13)
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 3
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. Discussion Activity 1, PPT Slides #12-13, 2-3 minutes
1.3 Energy Use and the Environment (CO3, PPT Slides #14-20)
a. Knowledge Check 2, PPT Slides #19-20, 1-2 minutes
1.4 Energy Use Patterns (CO4, PPT Slides #21-28)
1.5 Energy Resources (CO5, PPT Slides #29-34)
a. Discussion Activity 2, PPT Slides #33-34, 2-3 minutes
1.6 Energy in the Future (CO6, PPT Slides #35-39)
a. Discussion Activity 3, PPT Slides #38-39, 2-3 minutes
[return to top]
LABS AND ACTIVITIES
ENERGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Purpose: To identify and explore the use of energy in another country and its effect on the
economic and political situation.
Country:
Capital:
Population:
Date:
Growth rate:
% Urban:
% literacy:
Per capita income:
Per capita energy use:
Inflation:
Unemployment:
Principle exports:
Principle imports
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 4
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
Primary energy fuels
used (breakdown into
residential/industrial):
Natural energy
resources:
Potential fuels for
meeting future energy
needs:
On this and the next page describe this country’s economic and food situations. Discuss
how energy resources play a role in these issues. Mention environmental problems that are
particularly troublesome. What changes in the use of energy and economic situation have
there been in the last 10-20 years?
[return to top]
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. Non-Renewable: oil, coal, natural gas; Renewable: solar, wind, hydropower,
geothermal, biofuel. Note that over the last 50 years, the most significant growth has
been in renewable energies, primarily wind and solar. However, these renewable energy
sources still provide only a fraction of the energy supplied by coal and oil.
2. Currently, energy prices are primarily determined by the cost of resource extraction and
fuel or energy production, it does not take into account the costs that result from the
impacts of that energy resource extraction or use such as the cost of human health
impacts of air and water pollution, cost of destruction of biodiversity, cost of cultural
destruction resulting from energy-forced migration (towns submerged under water due to
dams, communities that have moved due to land loss, etc).
3. Energy use depends upon the energy required for the particular activity and its
frequency.
4. Energy itself does not meet our needs, rather it is the conversion of energy into useful
work that meets our needs.
5. Answers will vary. Share with students resources such as “Our World in Data” (see
appendix E) to see how energy prices have changed over time.
6. Answers will vary. One example: Without adequate energy storage, energy conservation
could result in energy waste.
7. Answers will vary. This is a great question to use for discussion in your classroom.
8. Answers will vary. This is a great question to use for discussion in your classroom.
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 5
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 1: Introduction
9. Without support, growing economies are likely to repeat the mistakes of highly
developed economies, resulting in increased Air and water pollution, growing
greenhouse gas emissions, and expansive environmental destruction.
10. Much of the economic growth is in developing economies, which have low energy use
per capita. Also increased efficiency in the use of energy, especially in the industrialized
world.
11. Answers will vary.
[return to top]
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 6
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 2: Energy Mechanics
Instructor Manual
Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024, 9780357719428; Chapter
2: Energy Mechanics
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter ............................................................................... 2
List of Student Downloads ...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments ......................................................... 2
What's New in This Chapter .................................................................................................... 3
Chapter Outline ........................................................................................................................ 3
Labs and Activities .................................................................................................................. 4
Energy Conversion Lab .......................................................................................................... 4
Answers to Questions ............................................................................................................. 6
Answers to Problems .............................................................................................................. 6
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 1
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Roger A. Hinrichs, Energy: Its Use and the Environment, 6e ©2024,
9780357719428; Chapter 2: Energy Mechanics
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
The purpose of this chapter is to define and illustrate the fundamental concepts of work and
energy. Work is defined as the product of an applied force times the distance through which that
force acts. Doing work gives object energy.
Students should learn that energy can be found in many forms (mechanical, thermal, electrical,
radiant, chemical, and nuclear) and is the capacity to do work. Mechanical energy is the sum of
an object’s kinetic and potential energy. The study of energy includes a study of its
transformations from one form to another, for example, from mechanical to electrical to thermal
energy. Later in the chapter, Newton’s laws of motion have been explained with examples.
[return to top]
LIST OF STUDENT DOWNLOADS
Students should download the following items from the Student Companion Center to complete
the activities and assignments related to this chapter:
• PowerPoint (PPTs)
• Instructor Manual
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
CO1 Explain the basic concept of energy mechanics.
CO2 Describe the different types of energy.
CO3 Discuss the different energy conversion processes.
CO4 Explain what is motion: speed, velocity, and acceleration.
CO5 Discuss Newton’s laws of motion.
[return to top]
COMPLETE LIST OF CHAPTER ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
The following table organizes activities and assessments by objective, so that you can see how
all this content relates to objectives and make decisions about which content you would like to
emphasize in your class based on your objectives. For additional guidance, refer to the
Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
N/A Knowledge Check 3-5 minutes
©2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 2
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
