WKU Med Surg Exam 3 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

WKU Med Surg Exam 3 QUESTIONS WITH |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




ANSWERS

what are the priority concepts for the musculoskeletal system -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔mobility and perfusion |\ |\ |\ |\




what are the interrelated concepts for the musculoskeletal
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system - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- pain: especially with ischemia
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- tissue integrity
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- sensory perception
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- infection
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what is a fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a break or disruption
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in continuity of a bone that affects mobility and comfort
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how are fractures classified by - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. the
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extent of the break: complete or incomplete
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2. the extent of soft tissue damage: open/ compound or closed/
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simple
3. the cause: fragility/ patho/ spont, stress/ fatigue, compression
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what is a complete fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔bone is
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broken into 2 or more separate pieces
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,what are the different kinds of complete fractures - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔- nondisplaced/ aligned |\ |\ |\




- displaced/ misaligned
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what is the tx option for a nondisplaced/ aligned complete
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fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔splint or cast
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what is the tx option for a displaced/ misaligned complete
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fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔surgery (needs to be stabilized)
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what is an incomplete fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔bone is
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partially cracked but not completely broken
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what is an open/ compound fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔when a broke breaks and the bone fragments protrude
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through the skin or the skin is open and you can see the bone
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what is a closed/ simple fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔broken
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but no wound
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what is a fragility/ pathological/ spontaneous fracture - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔occurs when bone breaks very easily due to
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weakened structure (ex: osteoporosis, osteogenesis, cancerous
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conditions)


what is a fatigue/ stress fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔repetitive motion/ stress that tire muscles and place more |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


pressure on the bones causing them to break
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,what is a compression fracture - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔bone is
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crushed or flattened in appearance due to a significant force or
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pressure


how long is the typical healing process of fractures depending on
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the pt - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔6-8 wks
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what are the stages of bone healing - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.
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hematoma
2. hematoma to granulation tissue
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3. soft callus formation
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4. osteoblastic proliferation
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5. bone remodeling
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what occurs in the first stage of bone healing when a hematoma
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forms - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔happens immediately after a
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fracture to serve as a foundation for healing and provider of
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nutrients for healing |\ |\




what occurs in the second stage of bone healing when a
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hematoma turns into granulation tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔happens after a few days post injury and is rich in collagen
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and supplies the injured site with new blood vessels
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what occurs in the third stage of bone healing when a soft callus
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forms - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔happens a couple wks post injury
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, and acts as a soft structure that allows mobility and a foundation
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for healing and stabilization
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what occurs in the fourth stage of bone healing when
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osteoblastic proliferation occurs - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔osteoblasts begin to replace soft callouses starting around a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


couple of wks-mths post injury |\ |\ |\ |\




what occurs in the fifth stage of bone healing when bone
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remodeling occurs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the structure of the|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


bone is more refined and strengthened through mobility
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what are some acute complications of fractures - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔- venous thromboembolism |\ |\ |\




- infection
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- acute compartment syndrome (ACS)
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- fat embolism syndrome (FES)
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what is ACS - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔occurs when too much
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pressure is exerted within the muscle compartments found within
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the fascia (often due to swelling or bleeding) compromises blood
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flow and can lead to muscle and nerve damage if not taken care
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of quickly|\




what causes the s/s of ACS - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔arise from
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reduce blood flow and sensory deficits
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