Nur 242 Exam #1 Review Topics
The outer 3rd ampulla of the Fallopian Tube - (correct Answer) - Fertilization Site
The upper uterus (Fundus) - (correct Answer) - Implantation Site
46 chromosomes, 23 pairs - (correct Answer) - Number of chromosomes in the embryo (zygotic stage)
Phase 1: Tension Building
Phase 2: Acute Battering
Phase 3: Honeymoon
*The cycle increases in intensity over time - (correct Answer) - Cycle of Abuse
Cycle of Abuse - (correct Answer) - A pattern of abuse in which a violent or abusive episode is followed
by a makeup period when the abuser expresses sorrow and asks for forgiveness and "one more chance,"
before another instance of abuse occurs.
1st Day of LMP + 7 Days - 3 Months + 1 Year = EDD or EDC - (correct Answer) - Nagele's Rule
Drugs given to inhibit labor and maintain the pregnancy - (correct Answer) - Tocolytics
Inhibits myometrial activity by blocking calcium influx. - (correct Answer) - Nifedipine Mechanism of
Action
Indomethacin and Nifedipine - (correct Answer) - Currently recommended tocolytics
Estrogen dependent cancer, undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding, active thromboembolic disorders
such as stroke or thrombophlebitis, tricyclic antidepressants, smoking, oral anticoagulants, rifampin, and
St. John's wort. - (correct Answer) - Contraindications of Estrogen Therapy
Useful in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance, fibroids, or
uterine cancer; in the treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea; in the adjunctive and palliative
treatment of some cancers and endometriosis; and, alone, or in combination with estrogens in the
prevention of conception. *They may also be helpful in preventing a threatened miscarriage and
alleviating the symptoms of pms* - (correct Answer) - Indications for progesterone use
Four types of drugs are used to stimulate uterine contractions: ergot derivatives, prostaglandins, the
progesterone antagonist mifepristone (RU-486), and the hormone oxytocin. These drugs all act on the
uterus, a highly muscular organ that has a complex network of smooth muscle fibers and a large blood
supply. - (correct Answer) - Oxytocics
During childbirth, oxytocin stimulates uterine contraction, and during lactation it promotes the
movement of milk from the mammary glands to the nipples. - (correct Answer) - Pitocin Mechanism of
Action
, Sex chromosomal abnormality that occurs only in males. (1 in 500-1000). Extra X chromosome is present
(XXY). Causes abnormal development of the testicles, resulting in decreased production of sperm and
male sex hormones. - (correct Answer) - Klinefelter Syndrome
Mild intellectual disability, small testes that do not produce adequate testosterone, infertility, learning
disabilities, delayed speech and language development, long arms and legs, enlarged breast tissue
(gynecomastia), scant facial and body hair, decreased sex drive (libido) - (correct Answer) - Klinefelter
Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
No treatment can correct this genetic abnormality, but testosterone replacement therapy can improve
symptoms resulting from the deficiency. Surgery may be done to reduce gynecomastia. Most males are
diagnosed late in puberty, infertility is common and life expectancy is normal. - (correct Answer) -
Klinefelter Syndrome Treatment
hCG: preserves the corpus luteum and its progesterone production so that the endometrial lining of the
uterus is maintained; this is the basis for pregnancy tests.
Human placental lactogen (hPL) or human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS): modulates fetal and
maternal metabolism, participates in the development of maternal breasts for lactation, and decreases
maternal glucose utilization, which increases glucose availability to the fetus.
Estrogen (estriol): causes enlargement of a woman's breasts, uterus, and external genitalia; stimulates
myometrial contractility.
Progesterone (progestin): maintains the endometrium, decreases the contractility of the uterus,
stimulates maternal metabolism and breast development, provides nourishment for the early conceptus
(the products of conception after fertilization in the early stages of growth and differentiation).
Relaxin: acts synergistically with progesterone to maintain p - (correct Answer) - Hormones produced by
the placenta
Fetal gestational age is overestimated or in cases of fetal death, hydatidiform mole, increased maternal
weight, maternal type 1 diabetes, fetal trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome) or fetal trisomy 18 (Edward's
syndrome) - (correct Answer) - Low MSAFP level indications
Open neural tube defects, ventral wall defects, some renal abnormalities, multiple gestation, certain skin
disorders, fetal demise, and placental abnormality. - (correct Answer) - High MSAFP level indications
Condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, and contraceptive sponge - (correct Answer) - Barrier Contraceptives
Vasomotor symptoms are of the greatest concern (hot flashes and night sweats) - (correct Answer) -
Perimenopausal symptoms
The distance (in centimeters) measured with a tape measure from the top of the pubic bone to the top
of the uterus (fundus) with the client lying on her back with her knees slightly flexed - (correct Answer) -
Fundal Height
Above the pubis symphysis - (correct Answer) - Fundal Height at 12-14 weeks
At the umbilicus (20 cm) - (correct Answer) - Fundal Height at 20 weeks
The outer 3rd ampulla of the Fallopian Tube - (correct Answer) - Fertilization Site
The upper uterus (Fundus) - (correct Answer) - Implantation Site
46 chromosomes, 23 pairs - (correct Answer) - Number of chromosomes in the embryo (zygotic stage)
Phase 1: Tension Building
Phase 2: Acute Battering
Phase 3: Honeymoon
*The cycle increases in intensity over time - (correct Answer) - Cycle of Abuse
Cycle of Abuse - (correct Answer) - A pattern of abuse in which a violent or abusive episode is followed
by a makeup period when the abuser expresses sorrow and asks for forgiveness and "one more chance,"
before another instance of abuse occurs.
1st Day of LMP + 7 Days - 3 Months + 1 Year = EDD or EDC - (correct Answer) - Nagele's Rule
Drugs given to inhibit labor and maintain the pregnancy - (correct Answer) - Tocolytics
Inhibits myometrial activity by blocking calcium influx. - (correct Answer) - Nifedipine Mechanism of
Action
Indomethacin and Nifedipine - (correct Answer) - Currently recommended tocolytics
Estrogen dependent cancer, undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding, active thromboembolic disorders
such as stroke or thrombophlebitis, tricyclic antidepressants, smoking, oral anticoagulants, rifampin, and
St. John's wort. - (correct Answer) - Contraindications of Estrogen Therapy
Useful in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance, fibroids, or
uterine cancer; in the treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea; in the adjunctive and palliative
treatment of some cancers and endometriosis; and, alone, or in combination with estrogens in the
prevention of conception. *They may also be helpful in preventing a threatened miscarriage and
alleviating the symptoms of pms* - (correct Answer) - Indications for progesterone use
Four types of drugs are used to stimulate uterine contractions: ergot derivatives, prostaglandins, the
progesterone antagonist mifepristone (RU-486), and the hormone oxytocin. These drugs all act on the
uterus, a highly muscular organ that has a complex network of smooth muscle fibers and a large blood
supply. - (correct Answer) - Oxytocics
During childbirth, oxytocin stimulates uterine contraction, and during lactation it promotes the
movement of milk from the mammary glands to the nipples. - (correct Answer) - Pitocin Mechanism of
Action
, Sex chromosomal abnormality that occurs only in males. (1 in 500-1000). Extra X chromosome is present
(XXY). Causes abnormal development of the testicles, resulting in decreased production of sperm and
male sex hormones. - (correct Answer) - Klinefelter Syndrome
Mild intellectual disability, small testes that do not produce adequate testosterone, infertility, learning
disabilities, delayed speech and language development, long arms and legs, enlarged breast tissue
(gynecomastia), scant facial and body hair, decreased sex drive (libido) - (correct Answer) - Klinefelter
Syndrome Clinical Manifestations
No treatment can correct this genetic abnormality, but testosterone replacement therapy can improve
symptoms resulting from the deficiency. Surgery may be done to reduce gynecomastia. Most males are
diagnosed late in puberty, infertility is common and life expectancy is normal. - (correct Answer) -
Klinefelter Syndrome Treatment
hCG: preserves the corpus luteum and its progesterone production so that the endometrial lining of the
uterus is maintained; this is the basis for pregnancy tests.
Human placental lactogen (hPL) or human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS): modulates fetal and
maternal metabolism, participates in the development of maternal breasts for lactation, and decreases
maternal glucose utilization, which increases glucose availability to the fetus.
Estrogen (estriol): causes enlargement of a woman's breasts, uterus, and external genitalia; stimulates
myometrial contractility.
Progesterone (progestin): maintains the endometrium, decreases the contractility of the uterus,
stimulates maternal metabolism and breast development, provides nourishment for the early conceptus
(the products of conception after fertilization in the early stages of growth and differentiation).
Relaxin: acts synergistically with progesterone to maintain p - (correct Answer) - Hormones produced by
the placenta
Fetal gestational age is overestimated or in cases of fetal death, hydatidiform mole, increased maternal
weight, maternal type 1 diabetes, fetal trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome) or fetal trisomy 18 (Edward's
syndrome) - (correct Answer) - Low MSAFP level indications
Open neural tube defects, ventral wall defects, some renal abnormalities, multiple gestation, certain skin
disorders, fetal demise, and placental abnormality. - (correct Answer) - High MSAFP level indications
Condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, and contraceptive sponge - (correct Answer) - Barrier Contraceptives
Vasomotor symptoms are of the greatest concern (hot flashes and night sweats) - (correct Answer) -
Perimenopausal symptoms
The distance (in centimeters) measured with a tape measure from the top of the pubic bone to the top
of the uterus (fundus) with the client lying on her back with her knees slightly flexed - (correct Answer) -
Fundal Height
Above the pubis symphysis - (correct Answer) - Fundal Height at 12-14 weeks
At the umbilicus (20 cm) - (correct Answer) - Fundal Height at 20 weeks
