7/17/25, 9:01
AM
NTR 301 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (87)
-Excess proteins (amino acids) are not needed
for specific protein-related functions
Explain what the body -Can be converted into glucose or fat,
does with excess leaving nitrogen (must be excreted)
dietary protein and which is converted to urea (in the
the potential problems liver) and is excreted into urine
associated with
excessive protein -no studies have related high protein
intake intake to chronic disease risk. adequate
fluid intake is necessary to maintain
kidney function
-you can purchase individual amino acids
supplements but the amount you get per
tablet is VERY small compared to what
Explain which amino you are already getting from food --
acid supplements are effects are nonexistent
likely to be of value,
which aren't and why
1/38
,7/17/25, 9:01
AM
-likely to be of value:
tryptophan -- increases serotonin
production which is involved in sleep
regulation, mood and eating behavior
In general, you most americans already get plenty of protein in
should be able to their diets
evaluate the benefits,
if any, of protein and
individual amino acid
supplements in light
of the
typical US intake of
protein.
americans already consume enough, or more
Explain why there is than enough protein.
no % Daily Value for -not a concern for adults and children over 4
protein on a food -% DV is required only if a claim is made
label. as a "high protein" source OR unless the
food is meant to be eaten by infants
and toddlers under 4
-In the diet as protein (polypeptides)
-In the stomach as
Explain how dietary 1. denatured by HCl
protein is digested 2. digested by proteases -- smaller polypeptides
and absorbed. -In the small intestines digested by proteases
2/38
,7/17/25, 9:01
AM
-In the small intestines ABSORBED as amino acids
denature: to take something out if its natural form
-HCl denatures the protein by disrupting
Define the term the side group interactions, causing the
denaturation and molecule to "unwind" from its 3D
describe how it shape
affects a dietary -makes it easier for the proteases to digest, or
protein. break apart, the polypeptide strands
-denaturation also INACTIVATES the
protein since its ability to function is
directly tied to its 3D shape
-Most protein is absorbed as individual amino
acids
-However, there are times when the
larger polypeptides or whole proteins are
absorbed into the body
Describe what -MOST LIKELY TO HAPPEN in childhood when the
causes food GI tract is not fully developed
allergies, their -when the larger molecules are absorbed
symptoms, who is they may elicit an allergic reaction in
most likely to some people
experience them and Frequency in the population: true food
why, their frequency allergies only occur in about 3% of all
in the adults and 8% of children -- many
3/38
, 7/17/25, 9:01
AM
population, how to people incorrectly self-diagnose food
handle them, and allergies
their change in How to handle them: avoid the food,
incidence over time. however some allergen sources can be
eaten COOKED but not RAW (because
cooked denatures the protein)
Change in incidence over time: they are
usually outgrown when the GI tract and
immune system mature -- food
allergies appear to be increasing
(sterile
environment?) -- food allergies are genetic
Explain the principle Complementation: one plant protein
of complementation completes the essential amino acid
and provide profile of the other
examples of
complementary examples: beans, rice, peanut butter, tofu,
proteins. hummus
Leguminous plants have bacteria that convert
nitrogen in the air in the soil to
ammonia -- plants use the ammonia to
Describe what makes make amino acids -- reduces the need for
legumes unique and nitrogen containing fertilizer and
abundant protein increases total protein content of the
sources, and identify plant
4/38
AM
NTR 301 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (87)
-Excess proteins (amino acids) are not needed
for specific protein-related functions
Explain what the body -Can be converted into glucose or fat,
does with excess leaving nitrogen (must be excreted)
dietary protein and which is converted to urea (in the
the potential problems liver) and is excreted into urine
associated with
excessive protein -no studies have related high protein
intake intake to chronic disease risk. adequate
fluid intake is necessary to maintain
kidney function
-you can purchase individual amino acids
supplements but the amount you get per
tablet is VERY small compared to what
Explain which amino you are already getting from food --
acid supplements are effects are nonexistent
likely to be of value,
which aren't and why
1/38
,7/17/25, 9:01
AM
-likely to be of value:
tryptophan -- increases serotonin
production which is involved in sleep
regulation, mood and eating behavior
In general, you most americans already get plenty of protein in
should be able to their diets
evaluate the benefits,
if any, of protein and
individual amino acid
supplements in light
of the
typical US intake of
protein.
americans already consume enough, or more
Explain why there is than enough protein.
no % Daily Value for -not a concern for adults and children over 4
protein on a food -% DV is required only if a claim is made
label. as a "high protein" source OR unless the
food is meant to be eaten by infants
and toddlers under 4
-In the diet as protein (polypeptides)
-In the stomach as
Explain how dietary 1. denatured by HCl
protein is digested 2. digested by proteases -- smaller polypeptides
and absorbed. -In the small intestines digested by proteases
2/38
,7/17/25, 9:01
AM
-In the small intestines ABSORBED as amino acids
denature: to take something out if its natural form
-HCl denatures the protein by disrupting
Define the term the side group interactions, causing the
denaturation and molecule to "unwind" from its 3D
describe how it shape
affects a dietary -makes it easier for the proteases to digest, or
protein. break apart, the polypeptide strands
-denaturation also INACTIVATES the
protein since its ability to function is
directly tied to its 3D shape
-Most protein is absorbed as individual amino
acids
-However, there are times when the
larger polypeptides or whole proteins are
absorbed into the body
Describe what -MOST LIKELY TO HAPPEN in childhood when the
causes food GI tract is not fully developed
allergies, their -when the larger molecules are absorbed
symptoms, who is they may elicit an allergic reaction in
most likely to some people
experience them and Frequency in the population: true food
why, their frequency allergies only occur in about 3% of all
in the adults and 8% of children -- many
3/38
, 7/17/25, 9:01
AM
population, how to people incorrectly self-diagnose food
handle them, and allergies
their change in How to handle them: avoid the food,
incidence over time. however some allergen sources can be
eaten COOKED but not RAW (because
cooked denatures the protein)
Change in incidence over time: they are
usually outgrown when the GI tract and
immune system mature -- food
allergies appear to be increasing
(sterile
environment?) -- food allergies are genetic
Explain the principle Complementation: one plant protein
of complementation completes the essential amino acid
and provide profile of the other
examples of
complementary examples: beans, rice, peanut butter, tofu,
proteins. hummus
Leguminous plants have bacteria that convert
nitrogen in the air in the soil to
ammonia -- plants use the ammonia to
Describe what makes make amino acids -- reduces the need for
legumes unique and nitrogen containing fertilizer and
abundant protein increases total protein content of the
sources, and identify plant
4/38
