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Poverty

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Essay of 12 pages for the course UPSC at UPSC (Poverty)

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POVERTY / HUNGER / FOOD SECURITY


POVERTY

Story -




Quotes


“Poverty is the worst form of violence.” — Mahatma Gandhi, Indian political and spiritual leader

, “Poverty is like punishment for a crime you didn't commit.” — Eli Khamarov, writer


“The Bible insists that the best test of a nation's righteousness is how it treats the
poorest and most vulnerable in its midst.” — Jim Wallis, Christian writer and social activist


DEFINE - Poverty can be defined as a social phenomenon in which a section of society is unable to fulfill
even the basic necessities of life. When a substantial section is deprived of minimum level of living and
continues with a bare subsistence level, that society is said to be plagued with mass poverty.According to
World Bank, Poverty is deprivation in well-being and is multi- dimensional. It includes low incomes and
inability to acquire the basic goods and services necessary for survival with dignity.



Dimensions of Poverty:


Poverty may be defined as either absolute or relative. Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the lack of
means necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter.

Absolute poverty is a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including
food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. It depends
not only on income, but also on access to services.
Relative poverty views poverty as dependent on social context, hence relative poverty is a measure of
income inequality. Usually, relative poverty is measured as the percentage of population with income
less than some fixed proportion of median income.


Types of Poverty:

Absolute poverty: The state in which people do not have the minimum level of income deemed
necessary for living in a civilized way.
Relative poverty: Relative poverty is when some people‟s way of life and income is so much worse
than the general standard of living in the country or region in which they live that they struggle to live
a normal life and to participate in ordinary economic, social and cultural activities.
Chronic poor: Always poor and usually poor together are categorised under chronic poor.
Always poor: These people are never having income above poverty line in their lifetime.
Usually poor: Those people who are generally poor but who may sometimes have a little more
money. E.g. casual workers
Transient poor: Churning poor and occasionally poor are categorised under this.
Churning poor: Those people who regularly move in and out of poverty. E.g.: small farmers and

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Uploaded on
July 21, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
Type
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Grade
A+

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