Pathophysiology EXAM 2 Test And 100% Correct
Detailed Answers
Quiz For example, a 28-year-old woman has been sick with the flu for the past week,
vomiting several times every day. She is having a difficult time keeping solids and liquids
down, and has become severely dehydrated. After fainting at work, she was taken to a walk-
in clinic, where an IV was placed to help rehydrate her. Arterial blood was drawn first,
revealing the following: pH- 7.50, PaCO2- 40, HCO3- 32. How would you classify this patients
acid-base stauts?
Ans: pH- 7.50- base
PaCO2- 40, normal
HCO3- 32- base
- metabolic alkalosis, non-compensating
Quiz What is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity?
Ans: the placental transfer of IgG from the mother to the fetus
Quiz What is an example of an artificially acquired adaptive immune response?
Ans: vaccines
Quiz T/F: Helper T cells can only respond to antigens complexed with MHC class 2 proteins?
Ans: true
,Quiz What is the difference between a congenital and hereditary disease?
Ans: hereditary disease- means there is a problem with the genes @ fertilization
congenital disease- means the genes @ fertilization were normal; in utero change
Quiz What are the causes for hereditary and congenital malformations?
Ans: - intrauterine injury to embryo or fetus
- environmental factors
- chromosomal abnormalities
- abnormalities of individual genes
Quiz At what stage do all the major organ systems develop in an embryo?
Ans: week 3-8; embryonic period
Quiz What are the causes of intrauterine injury?
Ans: - harmful drugs and chemicals
- radiation
- maternal infections
Quiz What does nondisjunction mean?
Ans: failure of homologous chromosomes in germ cells to separate
Quiz What is a monosomy?
Ans: absence of a chromosome in a cell
Quiz What is a trisomy?
, Ans: presence of an extra chromosome in a cell
Quiz What is deletion?
Ans: chromosome breaks apart during meiosis, and broken piece is lost
Quiz What is translocation?
Ans: misplaced chromosome, or part of it, attaches itself to another chromosome
Quiz What is turner syndrome?
Ans: a chromosomal disorder in which a female is only born with one X chromosome
characteristics:
- can cause developmental problems, such as height or failure for the ovaries to develop
Quiz What is triple X syndrome?
Ans: an abnormality resulting in an extra X chromosome in some females
Quiz What is Klinefelter syndrome?
Ans: a genetic condition in which a male is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome
characteristics:
- can cause the formation of breasts and minimal facial or body hair
Quiz What is XYY syndrome?
Ans: a genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome
characteristics:
- can result in an abnormality of height, learning problems, more acne, etc.
Detailed Answers
Quiz For example, a 28-year-old woman has been sick with the flu for the past week,
vomiting several times every day. She is having a difficult time keeping solids and liquids
down, and has become severely dehydrated. After fainting at work, she was taken to a walk-
in clinic, where an IV was placed to help rehydrate her. Arterial blood was drawn first,
revealing the following: pH- 7.50, PaCO2- 40, HCO3- 32. How would you classify this patients
acid-base stauts?
Ans: pH- 7.50- base
PaCO2- 40, normal
HCO3- 32- base
- metabolic alkalosis, non-compensating
Quiz What is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity?
Ans: the placental transfer of IgG from the mother to the fetus
Quiz What is an example of an artificially acquired adaptive immune response?
Ans: vaccines
Quiz T/F: Helper T cells can only respond to antigens complexed with MHC class 2 proteins?
Ans: true
,Quiz What is the difference between a congenital and hereditary disease?
Ans: hereditary disease- means there is a problem with the genes @ fertilization
congenital disease- means the genes @ fertilization were normal; in utero change
Quiz What are the causes for hereditary and congenital malformations?
Ans: - intrauterine injury to embryo or fetus
- environmental factors
- chromosomal abnormalities
- abnormalities of individual genes
Quiz At what stage do all the major organ systems develop in an embryo?
Ans: week 3-8; embryonic period
Quiz What are the causes of intrauterine injury?
Ans: - harmful drugs and chemicals
- radiation
- maternal infections
Quiz What does nondisjunction mean?
Ans: failure of homologous chromosomes in germ cells to separate
Quiz What is a monosomy?
Ans: absence of a chromosome in a cell
Quiz What is a trisomy?
, Ans: presence of an extra chromosome in a cell
Quiz What is deletion?
Ans: chromosome breaks apart during meiosis, and broken piece is lost
Quiz What is translocation?
Ans: misplaced chromosome, or part of it, attaches itself to another chromosome
Quiz What is turner syndrome?
Ans: a chromosomal disorder in which a female is only born with one X chromosome
characteristics:
- can cause developmental problems, such as height or failure for the ovaries to develop
Quiz What is triple X syndrome?
Ans: an abnormality resulting in an extra X chromosome in some females
Quiz What is Klinefelter syndrome?
Ans: a genetic condition in which a male is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome
characteristics:
- can cause the formation of breasts and minimal facial or body hair
Quiz What is XYY syndrome?
Ans: a genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome
characteristics:
- can result in an abnormality of height, learning problems, more acne, etc.
